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2019-2020年高考英語一輪總復習 課時作業(yè)19 Body language 新人教版 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (xx湖北省荊州市質檢Ⅰ) If you are sending a text, watching the TV or listening to the radio, you may want to stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks(萎縮) the brain, research suggests. A study found that men and women who frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said：“simultaneously using mobile phones, laptops and other media devices could be changing the structure of our brains.” Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span (持續(xù)時間)，depression, anxiety and lower grades at school. The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking email, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the web. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)． The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, is the first to make a link between multitasking and the structure of the brain. Researcher Kep Kee Loh said：“Media multitasking is being more prevalent in our lives today and there is increasing concern about its impacts on our cognition and socialemotional wellbeing.” “He added that more research is needed to prove that multitasking shrinks the brain. This is because it is also possible that people with less grey matter in the ACC are more drawn to using lots of gadgets simultaneously.” Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team missioned a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99 and found 20 percent had problems with memory. Researchers were taken aback by the 14 percent of 18 to 39yearolds who also worried about their memories. Multitasking with gadgets may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress. 1．Whats the main idea of this passage? A．Multitasking shortens attention span. B．Multitasking makes your brain smaller. C．Multitasking has harmful effects on our memory. D．Multitasking is being more and more popular. 2．What does the underlined word “simultaneously” (in Paragraph 3) mean? A．frequently　　　　　　　　 B．now and then C．in the meantime D．for a long time 3．Whats the opinion of Kep Kee Loh on media multitasking? A．people with less grey matter are more willing to use gadgets lots. B．Whether multitasking shrinks the brain remains to be studied further. C．Multitasking with gadgets makes it harder to focus and form memories. D．Media multitasking affects on our cognition and socialemotional wellbeing. 4．Researchers believe that multitasking may cause people to be ________. A．a(chǎn)ttentive B．a(chǎn)ddicted C．a(chǎn)bsentminded D．intelligent 答案與解析 1．B　主旨大意題。從全文內(nèi)容歸納可知B項正確。 2．C　詞義猜測題。從畫線后的using mobile phones, laptops and other media devices...可知simultaneously 的含義為in the meantime(與此同時)。 3．B　細節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第二段中He added that more research is needed to prove that multitasking shrinks the brain. 可知B項正確。 4．C　細節(jié)理解題。從最后一段中Multitasking with gadgets may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories...可知C項正確。 Ⅱ.閱讀填句 (xx遼寧省沈陽二中月考) Britains High Streets are Dying Slowly Twenty years ago, the prosperous high street (繁華商業(yè)區(qū)) was the heart of most cities. It was crowded with customers. __1__ Nowadays, high streets are declining, with very few shops and shoppers. With about 14 shops down every day, Britains high streets are dying little by little. __2__ Its fairly easy to understand. To start with, people are spending less because of the economic recession (衰退). On top of that, more and more people are using the Internet to do their shopping. And it is not easy for shopkeepers in the high streets, either. __3__ Finally, there are the outoftown retail parks with free car parking that sell just about everything at very low prices. What can be done? Prime Minister David Cameron has hired Mary Portas, a British business woman and star of TV show Mary Queen of Shops, to bring some life back into Britains high streets. Shes talked about creating “magnets (磁石)” to attract people back to the centre. __4__ In one town, a bicycle rickshaw (人力車) service is delivering peoples shopping to their homes. __5__， where children can be cared for while parents are shopping. Members of the public have also voiced their opinions.“My ideal shopping center is one where theres a wide selection of attractive looking shops, with cheap parking and good public transport links，” said a 28yearold man.“Id like to see Night Shopping evenings where shops are open through to 10 p．m. or later，” said a 22yearold girl. A．They have to pay increasing high rents. B．But he is not the only one to solve the problem. C．But thats all changed. D．In another town, they set up night shopping centers. E．In another town, they set up a nursery. F．They can make a fortune overnight. G．Why are high streets in such a desperate situation? 答案與解析 本文講述的是英國繁華的商業(yè)區(qū)正走向衰落。 1．C　根據(jù)上文提到It was crowded with customers. 充滿了顧客，再根據(jù)下文提到Nowadays, high streets are declining, with very few shops and shoppers. 沒有幾個人和商店可知已經(jīng)發(fā)生改變，故選C項。 2．G　根據(jù)下文提到To start with, people are spending less because of the economic recession(衰退). 可知在問為什么如此蕭條，故選G項。 3．A　根據(jù)上文提到And it is not easy for shopkeepers in the high streets, either 對于店主來說也不容易，故選A，他們不得不支付高額的租金。 4．B　根據(jù)上文提到Shes talked about creating “magnets(磁石)” to attract people back to the centre. 她提到創(chuàng)造磁石來吸引人們回來，故選B，但這不是唯一的需要解決的問題。 5．E　根據(jù)上文提到In one town, a bicycle rickshaw(人力車) service is delivering peoples shopping to their homes 一個小鎮(zhèn)，用人力車把人們送回來，故選E，另外一個小鎮(zhèn)建立了幼兒園。 Ⅲ.語法填空 (xx山西大學附中月考) Scientists have found that pesticides(農(nóng)藥) harm the ability of bees to find food. Bees must learn which flowers contain their food from the smells of the flowers. __1__ the bees do not learn which smells mean food, they will starve. Researchers in Britain found that pesticides __2__(use) by farmers and gardeners can switch off the part of a bees brain that is responsible __3__ associating smells with food. Lead researcher Dr. Geraldine Wright said pesticides could seriously impact the __4__ (survive) of honeybee colonies. She said, “Bees that cannot learn will not be able to find food.” This also __5__(mean) beens will not pollinate(給……授粉) crops and wild plants. Bee populations around the world have been declining. Scientists have searched for a long time for a reason __6__ so many bees are disappearing. This new research may be __7__ important clue. However, the British government does not want to stop the use of the pesticides that may prevent bees from learning. __8__ wants to carry out more tests to make sure pesticides are the real reason for the decrease in the number of bees. A spokeswoman from the Friends of The Earth charity said the government must act __9__(soon) rather than later. “Bee health is far too urgent to wait __10__ more research has been pleted. Controls should be placed on these pesticides until bee safety can be guaranteed，” she said. 答案與解析 1．If　if 引導條件狀語從句，意為“如果”。 2．used　pesticides 與 use 之間為被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語。 3．for　be responsible for 對……負責。 4．survival　名詞作賓語。 5．means　根據(jù)上下文時態(tài)可知用一般現(xiàn)在時。 6．why　先行詞為reason，定語從句中缺狀語，故用why 引導。 7．a(chǎn)n　表示“數(shù)量一”，用不定冠詞。 8．It　it 代替the British government. 9．sooner　根據(jù)than 可知用比較級。 10．until　until 引導時間狀語從句，意為“直到……為止”。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 My name is Julie. As a nurse I work in a school to make sure that our children are health and able to learn. I work with teachers, school doctors and other to offer them some advices and help them when they had difficulties. I enjoy my job because I love being with children. They are very active and lovely. I am very glad stay with them so I feel much young than before. They are honest about what they feel—glad or sad. When children are ill, I try my best to take a good care of them. When they are sad, I always make them happy. They also love me but sometimes give me apples and candies by return. 答案 My name is Julie. As a nurse I work in a school to make sure that our children are and able to learn. I work with teachers, school doctors and to offer them some and help them when they difficulties. I enjoy my job because I love being with children. They are very active and lovely. I am very glad stay with them so I feel much than before. They are honest about they feel—glad or sad. When children are ill, I try my best to take good care of them. When they are sad, I always make them happy. They also love me sometimes give me apples and candies return. Ⅴ.書面表達 隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展和流行，網(wǎng)絡購物在中國也變得越來越普遍了。某英文報近期開辟專欄，討論中學生網(wǎng)上購物的問題。請結合實際，按以下提示，用英文為該專欄寫一篇稿件，談談你對中學生網(wǎng)購的看法。 1．網(wǎng)上購物的好處(比如方便快捷，節(jié)省時間，價格低等)。 2．網(wǎng)上購物的缺點(比如快遞比較耗時，無法試穿試用，質量得不到保證等)。 3．中學生對網(wǎng)購應該持什么樣的態(tài)度。 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100左右，開頭結尾已為你寫好； 2．網(wǎng)購的好處與缺點至少各兩點； 3．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 4．文中不得透露個人姓名和學校名稱。 Dear Editor， With the development and popularity of the Internet, online shopping has bee more and more mon in China.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Mike 范文 Dear_Editor， With_the_development_and_popularity_of_the_Internet,_online_shopping_has_bee_more_and_more_mon_in_China. Im writing to share my views about online shopping. On the one hand, I believe its convenient and economical. With the help of online shopping, we can buy things we want at home with a click of the mouse instead of going to the shopping mall. Besides, we might save money by paring the price of goods sold in different online shops. On the other hand, it might lead to many problems. For one thing, your package cant always reach you on time due to various unexpected reasons. For another, you cant try on the clothes to see if they fit you or not like you do when shopping in a real shop. All in all, I hold that high school students should have a cautious attitude towards online shopping in order to avoid wasting money or buying things of poor quality. Yours_sincerely， Mike