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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit3 Inventors and inventions課時(shí)作業(yè) 新人教版選修8 Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.The________(mercy) king saved the young officers from death. 2.The________(associate) between the two panies stretches back thirty years. 3.We all have an________(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week. 4.He took measures to make up his fault，which received our________(recognize)． 5.It is so cold and________(freeze) that we have to stay at home. 6.He is always so busy with his work that he has no choices but to go to see his parents________(occasion)． 7.In ancient China we had many advanced________(invent)，which led to todays civilization and development. 8.The light was too dim for me________(distinguish) anything clearly. 9.He is a________(practice) man and doesnt like empty talk. 10.These chemicals may be harmful to small children.Use them with________(cautious)． 答案：1.merciful　2.association　3.expectation　4.recognition 5.freezing　6.occasionally　7.inventions　8.to distinguish　9.practical　10.caution Ⅱ.完成句子 1.A beggar__________________(被發(fā)現(xiàn)凍死)outside the temple gate yesterday night. 2.Id like to go whenever__________________(什么時(shí)候你方便)． 3.__________________(刻苦學(xué)習(xí))，and you will make great progress in your study. 4.I have__________________(開始著手申請(qǐng)成為一名志愿者)since I learned the information. 5.With everything prepared，I will__________________(全身心地投入到)the service. 6.The government__________________(號(hào)召青年)to donate their blood voluntarily. 7.United Nations，is not a nation，but is，all nations__________________(與……有關(guān))each other. 8.She was careful to mark her place__________________(在合上書之前)． 答案：1.was found frozen to death　2.it is convenient to you　3.Study hard　4.set about applying to be a volunteer　5.dive into　6.calls on the youth　7.in association with　8.before she shut the book Ⅲ.閱讀理解 A (xx山西省五校高三聯(lián)合測(cè)試) In the past two decades，the Chinese economy has undergone many reforms in an effort to pete more effectively on the international market.These reforms included allowing foreign banks to offer credit cards to Chinese citizens.Now，researchers at the University of Missouri (MU) have found about 30 percent of Chinese urban households now own at least one credit card and the growth rate of credit card adoption has been an average of 40 percent per year between xx and xx. Rui Yao，an assistant professor of personal financial planning at MU，says that this large growth in such a small amount of time has positive and negative implications for the Chinese economy. “With more and more people taking advantage of credit cards in China，it certainly increases potential consumer buying power，”Yao said.“However，we found that more than 90 percent of credit card users were unaware of safety issues existing in credit card use and more than 60 percent had little knowledge of the consequences of credit card debt.This lack of knowledge could create problems as credit card ownership is expected to grow at a rate of 11 percent a year.” Yao found that while 72 percent of Chinese credit card holders were never late on their payment，only 55 percent were able to pay the full balance.She also found that 70 percent of Chinese credit card holders said that credit cards contributed to overspending. Yao believes the Chinese could benefit from financial education designed to help them plan for their financial future and encouraging the Chinese to take advantage of debt in a responsible fashion is important for the Chinese economy.“Appropriate use of debt can help households improve their quality of life as well as spur economic growth through an increase in market purchases，”Yao said. 語篇導(dǎo)讀：越來越多的中國人使用信用卡，這在增加潛在消費(fèi)者購買力的同時(shí)，也因?yàn)樾庞蔑L(fēng)險(xiǎn)知識(shí)的缺乏給中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了各種負(fù)面的影響。 1.Why did China allow foreign banks to offer credit cards to Chinese citizens？ A．To increase Chinese citizens confidence in economy. B．To respond to the urgent demand for financial reforms. C．To improve petitiveness in the international market. D．To persuade more Chinese citizens to accept credit cards. 答案：C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“the Chinese economy has undergone many reforms in an effort to pete more effectively on the international market”可知，中國為了增強(qiáng)在國際市場中的競爭力，允許國外銀行給中國公民提供信用卡。 2.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3？ A．The potential market purchases in the future. B．Weaknesses caused by lack of knowledge of credit cards. C．The rapid growth in credit card ownership. D．Advantages and disadvantages of using credit cards. 答案：D　解析：段落大意題。第三段的第一句說使用信用卡可以增加潛在消費(fèi)者的購買力，但后兩句說信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)知識(shí)的缺乏可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些問題。 3.A lot of figures are used in the text in order to________. A．record the valuable data B．provide concrete evidence C．introduce a research method D．give a detailed description 答案：B　解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文多處使用百分比數(shù)據(jù)是為了提供具體的證據(jù)。 4.The underlined word“spur”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to“________”． A．control B．delay C．promote D．discourage 答案：C　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句的上下文可知此處意為：合理利用債務(wù)可以幫助家庭改善生活質(zhì)量并通過刺激消費(fèi)來促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。故promote“促進(jìn)，提升”與畫線詞的意思最接近。 B (xx石家莊質(zhì)檢二) Sitting for more than three hours a day can decrease a persons life expectancy(壽命) by two years，even if he or she is physically active and gets rid of dangerous habits like smoking，according to a study.Watching TV for more than two hours a day can worsen that problem，decreasing life expectancy by another 1.4 years. The analysis es just two years after Australian researchers found that people who said they watched TV for more than four hours a day were 46% more likely to die of any cause than people who said they spent less than two hours a day watching TV.Those watching TV more than four hours a day were also 80% more likely to die of cardiovascular(心血管的) disease.“Sedentary(久坐的) behavior is something we need to pay attention to，beyond telling people to get 30 minutes of activity a day，” said Peter T．Katzmaezyk，one of the lead researchers.But while the evidence of illnesses is increasing，it remains difficult for many people to find time to get on their feet，especially if they do desk jobs. “Try to stand as much as you can，” Dr.Katzmarzyk said.“Typically when youre on the telephone you can stand and use the speakerphone.Instead of emailing someone in the office，just get up and go to talk to them.” However，Dr.Katzmarzyk added，standing shouldnt be an alternative to exercising，but an alternative to sitting.“Several studies show that when youre sitting，your leg muscles are pletely inactive，”he said.“When youre sitting and pletely inactive，this is when you run into trouble managing blood glucose(血糖)．” 語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了久坐會(huì)縮短人的壽命。 5.What is the main idea of the first paragraph？ A．Watching TV too long can worsen our mental health. B．We should be active and give up smoking. C．Sitting for too long a time can shorten ones life. D．Smoking too much can be harmful to health. 答案：C　解析：段落大意題。第一段主要介紹了久坐會(huì)縮短人的壽命，引出看電視的例子也是為了說明這一點(diǎn)。故選C。 6.The researchers draw the conclusion on the effect of sedentary behavior by________. A．making parisons B．listing figures C．giving examples D．classifying facts 答案：A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“people who said they watched TV for more than four hours a day were 46% more likely to die of any cause than people who said they spent less than two hours a day watching TV”和第二句“Those watching TV more than four hours a day were also 80% more likely to die of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease.”可知，研究者們用比較的方式推斷出久坐行為給身體健康帶來的影響。故選A。 7.What does Dr.Katzmarzyk think of sedentary behavior？ A．It warns people to exercise 30 minutes a day. B．Its a bad behavior worth considering seriously. C．Sedentary behavior can lead to death at once. D．Sedentary behavior is good for desk job workers. 答案：B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段和第三段中Dr.Katzmarzyk所說的話可推斷，他認(rèn)為久坐是一種不良行為，應(yīng)認(rèn)真對(duì)待。故選B。 8.According to Dr.Katzmarzyk，if you are sitting all the time，you may________. A．phone your friends and talk about your problem B．put on weight quickly and bee more inactive C．want to have more sugar for your meals D．find it hard to keep your blood glucose proper 答案：D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“When youre sitting and pletely inactive，this is when you run into trouble managing blood glucose(血糖)．”可知，久坐會(huì)使你很難控制你的血糖平衡。故選D。 Ⅳ.語法填空 (xx沈陽教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)二) Daisy：Do you have somewhere to stay in London，Peter？ Peter：No，I dont.In fact，I was about to ask you __1__ you could arrange some place for me to stay. Daisy：Yes，thats no problem though I am not in charge of it.Ill ask someone to arrange __2__ for you.What kind of place are you considering？ Peter：Well，I dont care if I share it __3__ other people，but Im not good at housework.Maybe a home stay would be OK，__4__ I dont like young children.As you know，theyre__5__ (noise) and its difficult to study.Hopefully，I can live with a lady __6__ has retired. Daisy：OK，thats no problem.But I must warn you that __7__(live) with a family in London is very expensive.Much more expensive than other small cities. Peter：Thats not a big problem for I have some money __8__ (save)．Besides，I can always get__9__ parttime job.I am working in a supermarket as a cashier now.So I dont think I will have trouble with money. Daisy：Sounds good.I __10__ (call) you if I get some information about that. Peter：OK，thats great.Thank you very much. 語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇對(duì)話，Peter要去英國倫敦，Daisy幫他租房子，Peter談到了自己租房的一些要求。 1.答案：whether/if　解析：考查連詞。從語境看，空后的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是完整的，而且表示詢問，因此用whether或if引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”。 2.答案：it/that　解析：考查代詞。這里應(yīng)用代詞it或that指代前面提到的“some place”。下文的“share it”也是提示。 3.答案：with　解析：考查介詞。與share搭配，這里用with表示“和，跟”，跟其他人合租。 4.答案：but　解析：考查連詞。空前說“would be OK”，空后說“dont like”，故這里應(yīng)用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 5.答案：noisy　解析：考查詞類變化。這里用提示詞的形容詞形式作表語，表示“嘈雜的，吵鬧的”。 6.答案：who/that　解析：考查定語從句。本空需要用關(guān)系代詞來引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾人“a lady”，并且該空在從句中作主語，故用that或who引導(dǎo)定語從句。 7.答案：living/to live　解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。這里用動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式作主語。 8.答案：saved　解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。這里用及物動(dòng)詞的ed形式作定語表被動(dòng)和完成意義：積攢下來的錢。 9.答案：a　解析：考查冠詞。本空后面的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞job前加不定冠詞a，這里表示同類中的“任何一個(gè)”。 10.答案：will call　解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。語境敘述的是將來的動(dòng)作，主句謂語應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。故填will call。 Ⅴ.短文改錯(cuò) (xx河北保定調(diào)研) Dear Mike， Thank you for your email.Id like tell you something about the English Club of our school. I am a member of the English Club，which is set up by the Student Union three years before.A lot of teachers and students who are interest in English will gather at the multimedia classroom in every Saturday afternoon.There we usually see English movie，learn to sing English songs but debate on hot topics.Through these activities，we can broaden us horizons and learn about west culture.Whats more，we have great fun be together.The English Club is of great help to me in many ways. Li Hua 答案： Dear Mike， Thank you for your email.Id like tell you something about the English Club of our school. I am a member of the English Club，which set up by the Student Union three years .A lot of teachers and students who are in English will gather at the multimedia classroom in every Saturday afternoon.There we usually see English ，learn to sing English songs debate on hot topics.Through these activities，we can broaden horizons and learn about culture.Whats more，we have great fun together.The English Club is of great help to me in many ways. Li Hua