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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 名詞和數(shù)詞 北師大版 一、名詞 1．名詞的數(shù) (1)常用作復(fù)數(shù)的名詞 ①有些名詞只用作復(fù)數(shù)或在一些固定用法中只用作復(fù)數(shù)，如：make preparations (＝prepare)。 ②成雙成對(duì)的東西一般只用作復(fù)數(shù)，如：scissors(剪刀)，glasses，trousers，shorts(短褲)，socks(短襪)。 (2)抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞具體化 a beauty(一個(gè)美人或一件美物) →a beauty(一個(gè)美人或一件美物) a must(一件必要的事或物) →a must(一件必要的事或物) a tea(一杯茶) →a tea(一杯茶) 2．名詞作定語(yǔ) (1)用名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾另一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，通常用單數(shù)形式，如：toothbrushes牙刷；bookmarks書(shū)簽。 (2)man和woman這兩個(gè)詞比較特殊，用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于被修飾的名詞，如：a man doctor一名男大夫；two men doctors兩名男大夫。 (3)還有少數(shù)名詞用其復(fù)數(shù)形式作定語(yǔ)，如：a clothes shop一家服裝店；a sports man一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員。 3．名詞的所有格 (1)表示各自的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，各名詞末尾均須加’s，如：Jane’s and Mary’s bikes。 (2)表示共有的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，在最后一詞末加’s，如：Jane and Mary’s father。 (3)表示“某人家”“店鋪”，所有格后名詞常省略，如：the doctor’s；the barber’s。 二、數(shù)詞 1．倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法： (1)倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋than He has read three times more books than I have. (2)倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.＋as We have produced three times as many puters as we did last year. (3)倍數(shù)＋the＋n.(size，length，width，height...)＋of China is almost twice/double the size of Mexico in area. (4)倍數(shù)＋what從句 The length of the road is twice/double what it was three years ago. (5)比較級(jí)＋than...＋by＋倍數(shù) The ruler is longer than that one by twice. 2．表示“每隔……”時(shí)，可以使用基數(shù)詞或序數(shù)詞，即“every＋基數(shù)詞＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”或“every＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞單數(shù)”，如：表示“每隔兩天”用every three days或every third day。 1．Those who suffer from headache will find they get ________ from this medicine.(xx山東，33) A．relief B．safety C．defense D．shelter 2.James took the magazines off the little table to make________ for the television.(xx天津，3) A．room B．a(chǎn)rea C．field D．position 3．The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good________.(xx江蘇，22) A．expectation B．reputation C．contribution D．civilization 4．The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct________.(xx浙江，16) A．solution B．target C．measure D．function 5．—He says that my new car is a ________ of money. —Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes？(xx山東，29) A．lack B．load C．question D．waste 一、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子 1．—Believe it or not，last month in America I came across the girl whose photo was in the drift bottle I got three years ago! —Really？That’s ____________________________________________(最出人意料的偶遇) I’ve ever heard of! 2．—What do you think of the project put forward by the Blacks? —Considering its ________________(實(shí)際價(jià)值)，it will be well worth putting into practice，I suppose. 3．We should look up to him as a shining example ________________________________(專(zhuān)注于工作的)． 4．John has got a fever these days，and he says he doesn’t want to see a doctor，but I’m afraid he ____________________(別無(wú)選擇)． 5．It’s a ________________(普通的慣例) for young people to pay a New Year’s visit to their elders. 6．Before the Hope Project was carried out in this poor area，children here ____________________(不能獲得) to education. 7．What he told us about the situation simply doesn’t ________________________(有意義)． 8．There is ________________(沒(méi)意義) in trying to talk George into joining us.He enjoys being alone. 二、單項(xiàng)填空 1．She has a ________ of playing with her hair when she’s nervous. A．sense B．practice C．custom D．habit 2．She is the only one among the ________ writers who ________ short stories for children. A．woman；writes B．woman；write C．women；write D．women；writes 3．A report by the Chinese Academy of Social Science said ________ among new graduates grew to over 12 percent last year at 1.5 million because of the global economic crisis. A．disagreement B．enlargement C．unemployment D．encouragement 4．This research has attracted wide ________ coverage and has featured on BBC television’s Tomorrow’s World. A．message B．information C．media D．data 5．—I heard that another brand of milk powder had been banned. —It’s a shame that some panies lack the sense of social responsibility and ________. A．consequence B．construction C．consideration D．conscience 6．He was a much older player but he had the great ________ of experience. A．interest B．success C．a(chǎn)dvantage D．honor 7．The increase in home puters means that families now have much easier ________ to information. A．measure B．a(chǎn)ccess C．way D．method 8．After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced ________ in xx as the year before. A．a(chǎn)s twice many machines B．twice many as machines C．a(chǎn)s many machines twice D．twice as many machines 9．________ of the money ________ my parents. A．Two fifth；belongs to B．Two five；belongs C．Second fifths；is belonged to D．Two fifths；belongs to 10．Even though you offered ________ you have just offered，I would not sell it to you. A．the money twice that B．twice the money that C．twice the money what D．the money that twice 11．I agree with you to a certain ________ but not entirely. A．part B．level C．way D．extent 12．Will you take my previous experience into ________ when you fix my salary? A．mind B．thought C．reference D．a(chǎn)ccount 13．A singer will always have to face a strong ________ from younger and perhaps better singers，waiting to take his place. A．debate B．petition C．struggle D．decision 14．Over 1,000 caring citizens made their ______ heard today by demonstrating outside the city’s worst polluter. A．mind B．view C．voice D．opinion 15．—Who told you about Howard’s case? —The sergeant in ________. A．public B．turn C．charge D．class 16．Professor Smith doesn’t think that all bad languages should be allowed.In his view，there are ________ that should be kept up. A．degrees B．levels C．limits D．standards 17．—Now，I say，you are fired! —No，you can’t，my boss.You are supposed to give me three months’ ________. A．notice B．message C．salary D．information 18．He’s having a hard ________ municating since he doesn’t speak much English. A．time B．talk C．way D．task 19．Before the college entrance examination，many students have shown ________ of tension.Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost their appetite. A．a(chǎn)nxiety B．marks C．signs D．remarks