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2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法對(duì)點(diǎn)講練 名詞和主謂一致 新人教版 Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法知識(shí) 1．(xx江蘇卷)Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ essential to their development. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案與解析　A　句子的主語(yǔ)為students inner motivation為單數(shù)概念，可排除B和D選項(xiàng)；根據(jù)句意可知句子講的是客觀事實(shí)情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案為A項(xiàng)。 2．(xx銀川一中二模)As we all know, “stay calm” ________ the first of the rules that ________ to be remembered in an emergency. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are 答案與解析　A　主語(yǔ)“stay calm”是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，表示一種概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，第一個(gè)空填is；第二空定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是rules為復(fù)數(shù)，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故選A項(xiàng)。 3．(xx遼寧五校摸底)My class teacher as well as other teachers ________ very kind to me. A. are B. is C. do D. does 答案與解析　B　如果主語(yǔ)是由A＋as well as＋B構(gòu)成，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與A保持一致。be kind to sb.“對(duì)某人好”，固定短語(yǔ)，故選B項(xiàng)。 4．It is said that every boy and every girl ________ a cell phone in this school, which ________ great harm to their learning. A. have; do B. has; does C. have; does D. has; do 答案與解析　B　句意：據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)學(xué)校的每一個(gè)男孩和女孩都有手機(jī)，這對(duì)他們的學(xué)習(xí)造成很壞的影響。被every限定的單數(shù)名詞由and連接作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)； which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面整個(gè)句子，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 5．(xx湖南師大附中月考)40% of the students in our school ________ from the other parts of Hunan, which ________ relatively large number. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are 答案與解析　C　40% of the students是復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用are; which指代主句整句話的意思，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is，故選C項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 6．More than one worker ________ (be) sent to the training centre to improve their working skills in the past three years. 答案與解析　has been　“more than one＋名詞單數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，根據(jù)in the past three years可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 7．No one in our class but Tom and I ________ (know) that a new teacher is going to teach us English. 答案與解析　knows　主語(yǔ)后有but, with, together with, as well as等引起的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與該短語(yǔ)前的名詞一致，本句but短語(yǔ)前為no one in our class。 8．The number of the people who ________ (own) cars ________ (be) increasing. 答案與解析　own; is　句意：擁有汽車(chē)的人數(shù)一直在增加。第一空，主語(yǔ)為who，指代先行詞the people，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；第二空，主語(yǔ)為the number of the people, “the number of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 9．Let the children and the elder drink the water first. The rest ________ (be) going to be given to them then. 答案與解析　is　句意：讓孩子和老人先喝水，剩下的再送給他們。the rest相當(dāng)于the rest of the water，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與of后名詞保持一致。 10．With more and more forests being destroyed, quantities of good earth ________ (wash) away each year. 答案與解析　are being washed　句意：隨著越來(lái)越多的森林被毀，每年都有許多好的泥土流失。quantities of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用復(fù)數(shù)形式；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“each year”可知，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Once upon a time, there was a blind girl who hated herself just because she was blind in her both eyes. She was sensitive and often lost __11__ temper. She hated everyone around her except her loving boyfriend. He was always there for her. __12__ was his love and encouragement that offered her hope and courage to live on. She made __13__ promise that if she could only see the world, she would marry her boyfriend. One day, someone __14__ (donate) a pair of eyes to her and then she could see everything, including her boyfriend. They were very pleased. Her boyfriend __15__ (hope) asked her, “now that you can see the world, will you marry me？” __16__， the girl was shocked when she opened her bright eyes and saw that her boyfriend was blind too, and shaking her head, she immediately refused to marry him. Without words, her boyfriend walked away __17__ tears, and later he wrote a letter to her, __18__ (say), “Just take care of my eyes, dear.” This is how human brain changes when the status changes. Only few remember __19__ life was before, and whos always been there even in the most __20__ (pain) situations. 答案　11.her　12.It　13.a　14.donated　15.hopefully 16．However　17.in　18.saying　19.what　20.painful Ⅳ.閱讀理解 (xx鄭州第三次質(zhì)檢) There have been big changes in the attitudes of most parents over the last few years. Physical punishment is banned in schools in most countries, and in many countries, there are moves to ban all physical punishment of children even at home. However, many parents still believe that they have the right to use some physical punishments to deal with certain misbehavior at certain ages. Its easy to find reasons to allow some physical punishments. One issue is that many parents find it very difficult to abandon physical punishment pletely. Parents argue that this was the way they were brought up and that it didnt do any harm to them. They believe that for the childs sake they have the right to discipline the child in any way they consider fit, including using some physical punishments. The other one is that physical punishment can be quick and effective. There is not much point reasoning with a screaming child in the supermarket. However, there are several reasons why we should stop using physical punishment. One point is that most parents are not trained to deal with misbehaving children. They dont have enough resources or choices to handle the situation. As a result, they immediately react by hitting the child even if there are other solutions to the problem. Another point is that unless people are challenged or forced to change their belief, they may keep following negative habits. An example is seat belt use — now most people wear seat belts without thinking, while years ago the idea of using seat belts was strange to most people. In the same way, banning physical punishment will force people to change their habits. In conclusion, parents have to change some of their belief and ideas about how children should be raised. It is possible to avoid the use of physical force, and doing so will help us move closer to the dream of removing violence from our society. 21．According to the first paragraph, many parents think that ________. A. they are free to use physical punishment on their children B. most of the children behave badly in their daily life C. they have changed their attitudes towards their children D. physical punishment is effective to educate their children 答案與解析　A　根據(jù)該段中的“However, many parents still believe that they have the right to use some physical punishments to deal with certain misbehavior at certain ages.”可知，許多家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為他們有權(quán)對(duì)他們自己的孩子實(shí)行體罰。 22．Many parents wont give up physical punishment because ________. A. they are disappointed with their children B. they were brought up just in the same way C. they dont want to hurt their children badly D. they dont know what to do with their children 答案與解析　B　根據(jù)第二段中的“Parents argue that this was the way they were brought up and that it didnt do any harm to them.”可知，很多家長(zhǎng)不會(huì)放棄體罰，因?yàn)樗麄兙褪且酝瑯拥姆绞奖粨狃B(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大的。故選B項(xiàng)。 23．The author gives the example of using seat belts in order to show ________. A. most people are used to wearing seat belts B. its not difficult to change some negative habits C. seat belts are really very necessary and useful D. people wont change their old habits unless forced 答案與解析　D　根據(jù)第三段最后一句“In the same way, banning physical punishment will force people to change their habits.”可知，如果不采取強(qiáng)硬措施，人們是不會(huì)改變他們體罰孩子的習(xí)慣的。故選D項(xiàng)。 24．The main purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ________. A. talk about a ban on using physical punishment B. tell us we should educate our children in other ways C. advise parents to give up using physical punishment D. suggest physical punishment should be used at home 答案與解析　C　根據(jù)最后一段“In conclusion, parents have to change some of their belief and ideas about how children should be raised. It is possible to avoid the use of physical force, and doing so will help us move closer to the dream of removing violence from our society.”可以推斷出作者的寫(xiě)作目的是建議人們放棄在家庭中對(duì)孩子實(shí)行的體罰習(xí)慣。 Ⅴ.七選五 Weve all heard how great shopping on the Internet is and that you can get things far cheaper.How convenient it is — you can shop when you want to.How its easy to pare prices and how there are no long queues online! __25__ Do you trust the seller? Do they have a secure server (服務(wù)器)? What are their delivery times? Can you contact them if the order goes wrong? Most shopping sites use some sort of shopping cart into which you can place items you have chosen, and then take them to the checkout when you want to pay. __26__ The following are a few hints about online shopping that weve learned along the way： ●Always print out your order confirmation. ●__27__ ●Try and get your goods delivered at a time when you will be there, otherwise your package might get lost! ●Dont get carried away and spend too much! To enable us to provide some of our services to you, we need to collect some personal information from you — usually your name and email address.You may choose to tell us your preferences and country of origin when visiting our web sites. __28__ The big question for online shoppers is always, “Will our gifts arrive on time？” All of the stores listed on our website have varied delivery timetables for City and Country areas. __29__ For the busiest times of the year: Christmas, Valentines Day, Easter, Mothers Day and Fathers Day, online retailers (零售商) will be doing everything they can to get your last minute business and will have posted holiday deadlines with cut off purchase dates to ensure delivery. A. Are there any hidden dangers or risks? B. Order more than just one item at a time to save on delivery costs. C. But before you start shopping there are a number of questions you have to ask yourself. D. So you should always check the timetables before making a purchase. E. Same day and overnight delivery is usually available. F. The checkout must be in a secure server in order for your transaction to be secure. G. You may also choose to provide us with your mobile phone number. 答案　25.C　26.F　27.B　28.G　29.D Ⅵ.書(shū)面表達(dá) (xx山東二模) 假定你是來(lái)自美國(guó)的大一學(xué)生John, 主修中國(guó)文學(xué)。學(xué)校流行音樂(lè)俱樂(lè)部正從大一新生(freshman)中招聘新成員，要求會(huì)用某種樂(lè)器、嗓音好且熱愛(ài)音樂(lè)。你希望加入該俱樂(lè)部。請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封申請(qǐng)信，要點(diǎn)如下： 1．個(gè)人基本情況介紹； 2．滿(mǎn)足的招聘條件； 3．加入俱樂(lè)部的目的； 4．聯(lián)系方式：郵箱：john102@hotmail。 注意：1.詞數(shù)：100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Sir/Madam， Pop Club attracts me deeply. When I know you want to find new members from the freshmen, I decide to join it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， John 范文 Dear_Sir/Madam， Pop_Club_attracts_me_deeply._When_I_know_you_want_to_find_new_members_from_the_freshmen,_I_decide_to_join_it. My name is John, ing from America. And Im studying Chinese literature now. I like music very much. I have a good voice, which I feel very proud of. And I am good at playing the guitar. I have won many prizes for it. I think I am the one you want. I really appreciate it if I am accepted. For one thing, I can display my talent. For another I will try my best to make contributions to the club and make it develop faster. If you think Im suitable, please inform me by writing to john102@hotmail. Thank you for your consideration. Yours_sincerely,_ John