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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法精講系列 講座八 非謂語動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞-ing形式 一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．(xx福建卷)________(spend)the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears more mature than those of her age. 2．(xx江西卷)When it es to ________(speak)in public，no one can match him. 3．(xx江西卷)________(spend)nearly all our money，we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel. 4．(xx浙江卷)Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse________(appoint)to guard her. 5．(xx北京卷)Last night，there were millions of people ________(watch)the opening ceremony live on TV. 6．(xx北京卷)There are still many problems ________(solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 7．(xx北京卷)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without ________(recognize)． 8．(xx山東卷)Theres a note pinned to the door________(say)when the shop will open again. 9．(xx山東卷)Its standard practice for a pany like this one________(employ)a security officer. 10．(xx陜西卷)Its quite hot today.Do you feel like ________(go)for a swim? 11．(xx湖南卷)Children，when ________(acpany)by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium. 12．(xx湖南卷)________(understand)your own needs and styles of munication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 13．The sunlight is white and blinding，________(throw)hardedged shadows on the ground. 14．I got to the office earlier that day，________(catch)the 7：30 train from Paddington. 15．Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and________(reduce)to ruins，the city took on a new look. 答案：1.Having spent　解析：句意：作為交換生在香港待了一年，琳達(dá)看上去要比她的同齡人更成熟。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填部分在句中做狀語，且與句子的主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)句意可知，非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前，故填現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。 2．speaking　解析：句意：當(dāng)談到在公共場(chǎng)合演講時(shí)，沒有人能比得上他。When it es to“當(dāng)談到……”，其中to為介詞，其后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。 3．Having spent　解析：句意：我們幾乎把所有的錢都花光了，住不起旅館了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填部分在句中做原因狀語，與句子的主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式做狀語。 4．a(chǎn)ppointed　解析：句意：埃米塞爾蒙是一名殘疾人，在其整個(gè)上學(xué)期間，由一名被指派的護(hù)士專門看護(hù)她。appoint“任命，指派”，與nurse之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用appoint的過去分詞做其后置定語。 5．watching　解析：句意：昨天晚上，好幾百萬人在電視前觀看了開幕式的直播。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞修飾people，且表示主動(dòng)，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句who watched...。 6．to be solved　解析：句意：在我們準(zhǔn)備好長(zhǎng)期待在月球上之前仍有許多問題要去解決。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞做后置定語修飾problems，problems與solve之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示將來的動(dòng)作，故用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。 7．being recognized　解析：句意：這位影星戴著太陽鏡。因此他購物的時(shí)候不會(huì)被別人認(rèn)出來?？崭裉帪榻樵~without的賓語，故要用動(dòng)名詞形式，且表示被動(dòng)，因此填being recognized。 8．saying　解析：句意：在門上釘著一張字條，上面說商店何時(shí)將會(huì)再次開張。分析句子可知，此處要用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式修飾前面的名詞a note，且note與say之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式做后置定語。 9．to employ　解析：句意：對(duì)于像這樣的一家公司來說，雇用保安是一種慣例。此處為it做形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式做真正的主語。故要用to employ。 10．going　解析：feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”，其中l(wèi)ike為介詞，后面用動(dòng)詞ing形式。 11．a(chǎn)cpanied　解析：句意：孩子們有父母陪伴時(shí)，被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)體育場(chǎng)。children與acpany存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞形式。 12．Understanding　解析：句意：理解你自己的需求和交流方式與學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)你的喜愛和情感一樣重要。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少的是主語，且understand與句子的邏輯主語you為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用動(dòng)名詞形式做主語。 13．throwing　解析：句意：陽光明亮刺眼，在地上投下輪廓分明的影子。所填部分在句中做伴隨狀語，且the sunlight與throw之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 14．having caught　解析：根據(jù)句意可知，趕上七點(diǎn)半的火車這件事發(fā)生在前，到達(dá)辦公室發(fā)生在后，為了體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作的先后，故使用分詞的完成式；主句主語與catch之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用having caught。 15．being reduced　解析：句意：在遭受大地震，變成廢墟后不久，這個(gè)城市呈現(xiàn)出新的面貌。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所缺成分在介詞after后面做賓語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式；reduce在此處意為“使變?yōu)椤?，?yīng)用被動(dòng)形式。 二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子 1．(xx湖南卷)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland，________the night sky. 沒有什么樂趣能比得上躺在草地中央，凝望夜空。 2．(xx湖南卷)________________the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness. 要想把我們自己從身心緊張的狀態(tài)下解脫出來，我們每個(gè)人都需要沉思以及內(nèi)心的寧靜。 3．(xx四川卷)The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________________. 看到經(jīng)過很大努力后很多新的產(chǎn)品被研發(fā)出來，經(jīng)理感到滿意。 4．(xx全國大綱卷)Today there are more airplanes________more people than ever before in the skies. 與以前相比，如今天空中有更多的飛機(jī)來運(yùn)送更多的乘客。 5．(xx天津卷)Clearly and thoughtfully________，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. 這本書寫得清晰有深度，它激發(fā)了那些想尋求屬于自己的答案的學(xué)生們的信心。 6．(xx江蘇百校聯(lián)考)Chinas first aircraft carrier，__________________________，was handed over to Peoples Liberation Army Navy in xx. 中國第一艘航空母艦，長(zhǎng)達(dá)304米，于xx年移交給中國人民解放軍海軍。 7．(xx宿州模擬)The discovery of new evidence led to_____________________ ________. 新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了小偷被抓。 8．(xx貴州師大模擬)When the customer______________________________________，he stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. 當(dāng)顧客抓住店主欺騙他時(shí)，這名顧客不去那里買東西了，開始轉(zhuǎn)向別家。 9．(xx上海模擬)A cook will be immediately fired if the manager____________________ _____________. 如果經(jīng)理發(fā)現(xiàn)廚師在廚房里吸煙，這個(gè)廚師會(huì)立刻被解雇。 10．(xx北京模擬)The news of________________________greatly made us surprised a lot as he was indeed very excellent. 他沒有當(dāng)選的消息使我們很吃驚，因?yàn)樗拇_很優(yōu)秀。 11．(xx江蘇鹽城3月二模)Members of the media________________________or stories should make themselves familiar with the guidance provided in this section. 試圖采訪皇家新聞的媒體成員應(yīng)該對(duì)這個(gè)部門提供的指導(dǎo)非常熟悉。 12．(xx山東濟(jì)南3月模擬)The quarrel________________________started from their disbelief in each other. 造成打架的那場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)執(zhí)源于他們對(duì)彼此的不信任。 13．(xx北京東城3月聯(lián)考Ⅱ)________________________unfavorably，Beijing Cough bees more and more mon with the increasingly polluted air. 隨著空氣污染越來越嚴(yán)重，北京咳也變得越來越普遍，這給老外們留下了極壞的印象。 14．(xx浙江湖州三?？记把菥?__________________________in the street at night by police，young women in India nowadays have to go home with a friend or a family member following them. 因?yàn)榫靷兙孢^她們夜里在街上的危險(xiǎn)，所以，現(xiàn)如今印度的年輕女子晚上回家時(shí)不得不讓一個(gè)朋友或家人陪同。 15．(xx江西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)二聯(lián))The poor child stood there，and________________________，turned to his father for help. 那個(gè)可憐的孩子站在那里，不知道做什么，便向他的父親求助。 答案：1.staring at　2.To free ourselves from　3.developed after great effort　4.carrying　5.written　6.measuring as long as 304 meters　7.the thief being caught　8.caught the shop owner cheating him　9.finds him smoking in the kitchen 10．his not being elected　11.seeking to cover Royal events　12.leading to the fight　13.Impressing foreigners most 14．Having been warned of danger　15.not knowing what to do