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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)典型試題精粹 專題十七 語(yǔ)法填空 　　高考精萃 Passage 1 (xx遼寧卷) Jonny：Hey! Im just practicing Tai Chi(太極). Would you like to join me? Peter：I know nothing about it. Is it difficult? Jonny：It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this. Peter：OK. Dont laugh __1__ me. I may look funny. Jonny：Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and __2__ (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake. Peter：I cannot control my body well. My legs bee __3__ (pain)． Jonny：Keep __4__ (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let __5__ stay in the air for seconds. Peter：I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer. Jonny：Be patient! Tai Chi __6__ (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well __7__ strong. In real petition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the petitor and uses this energy to fight back. The __8__ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you! Peter：Unbelievable! Oh... __9__ you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep __10__. 答案與解析 本文是兩人關(guān)于太極拳的對(duì)話。約翰尼在教彼得一些簡(jiǎn)單動(dòng)作并向他介紹一些相關(guān)知識(shí)。 1．a(chǎn)t　句意：不要嘲笑我，我看起來(lái)很可笑。laugh at 意為“嘲笑”。 2．softly　句意：膝蓋微彎，自然地，緩緩伸出手臂，像樹枝一樣。所填詞與naturally 是并列關(guān)系，共同修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)reach out，故填softly。 3．painful　句意：我的腿痛。bee 在此是系動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)填形容詞。故填painful。 4．holding　句意：保持姿勢(shì)一會(huì)兒。keep doing... 意為“繼續(xù)做某事”。故填holding。 5．it　代指前面的your leg, 故填it。 6．is called　句意：太極在英語(yǔ)中被稱作shadow boxing。Tai Chi 與call 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。又因說(shuō)話者在介紹一般事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is called。 7．a(chǎn)s　句意：它使你的行動(dòng)像水一樣既靈活又有力。as well as 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“既……又……”。故填as。 8．harder　句意：你越用車去打他，你越容易被打。The more..., the more... 為固定句式，意為“越……，越……?！惫侍頷arder。 9．if　句意：如果你不介意的話，你就停下來(lái)深吸一口氣。本句為條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故填if。 10．breath　句意同上。take a deep breath 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“深吸一口氣”，故填breath。 Passage 2 (xx廣東卷) Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said __1__ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready. After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months __2__ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We __3__(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, __4__ for the week after. I didnt understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged __6__ the reservation. Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was __7__(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little __10__(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind. 答案與解析 本文講述了“我”和弟弟去邁阿密旅游所遇到的意外和驚喜。 1．it　句意：曾經(jīng)去過(guò)那里的一些朋友說(shuō)那里是一個(gè)非常棒的度假勝地。設(shè)空處指代上文提到的Miami，故填it。 2．earlier　句意：我們提前六個(gè)月就預(yù)訂好了，但是前臺(tái)工作人員告訴我們出了點(diǎn)差錯(cuò)。本句出現(xiàn)了過(guò)去完成時(shí)，可以斷定此處指六個(gè)月之前就預(yù)訂好了賓館。earlier 意為“提早的”，在此修飾six months。 3．were told　句意：我們被告知我們的房間不是為了那個(gè)星期訂的，而是為后一個(gè)星期訂的。主語(yǔ)we和動(dòng)詞tell 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且文章主要時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí)，故填were told。 4．but　本題考查but 的用法。句意見上題解析。not...but... 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“不是……而是……”。故填but。 5．why　句意：我不明白為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事情，而且我的信用卡也早已因預(yù)訂扣了款。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義可知填why。 6．for　句意見上題解析。charge sb./sth. for sth. 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“因……而向某人/物收取費(fèi)用”。故填for。 7．surprisingly　句意：她出人意料地給我們提供了(熱情)的幫助。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞形式，故填surprisingly。 8．the　句意：經(jīng)理向我們道歉并把一間備用的頂樓的VIP房間給了我們。top 具有序數(shù)詞的語(yǔ)義特點(diǎn)，序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the。故填the。 9．where　句意：第二天，我和弟弟去了海邊，在那里看人們打排球。先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞beach，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。 10．sunburnt/sunburned　句意：雖然有點(diǎn)被太陽(yáng)灼傷，但是那一天我們過(guò)得是如此的愜意，根本不在乎這一點(diǎn)小事。動(dòng)詞用于get 之后常用過(guò)去分詞形式，表被動(dòng)。故填sunburnt。 Passage 3 (xx課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It __1__ (be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it __2__ (actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days __4__ even a few months. It took years of work __5__ (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __6__ (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit __7__ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation，dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __9__ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be __10__ (patience)． 答案與解析 本文是一篇議論文。當(dāng)人們面對(duì)看似難以改變的現(xiàn)狀的時(shí)候該如何應(yīng)對(duì)？凱霍加河的污染處理給了我們很好的答案：要努力且有耐心。 1．was　句意：把這條河清理干凈是難以想象的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)為過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)。故填was。 2．a(chǎn)ctually　句意：河水污染如此嚴(yán)重，以至于河面都能著火并燃燒起來(lái)。本空修飾動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填actually。 3．the　句意：數(shù)年后，這條河成為了環(huán)境改善的最佳典范。最高級(jí)前要用定冠詞，故填the。 4．or　句意：但是，河水不是在幾天或是幾個(gè)月內(nèi)變清澈的。本空前后為選擇關(guān)系，都是指一段時(shí)間，且用于否定句中，故填or。 5．to reduce　句意：減少工業(yè)污染，清理河道花了數(shù)年時(shí)間。It takes/took some time to do sth. 為固定句型，意為“做某事花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”。故填to reduce。 6．cleaner　句意：終于，努力有了回報(bào)，現(xiàn)在的河水比以前干凈了?！氨容^級(jí)＋than...”為比較級(jí)的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。故填cheaner。 7．that/which　句意：或許你有一個(gè)能使家人抓狂的習(xí)慣。空后是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞habit。當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句可以用that 或者which引導(dǎo)。 8．a(chǎn)mazing　句意：盡管有很多迅速改變的驚人事例，但是對(duì)于我們大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，改變是漸近的，是需要很多的努力才能實(shí)現(xiàn)的……。修飾名詞要用形容詞，故填amazing。 9．changes　句意同上。空后be動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)，因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。故填changes。 10．patient　句意：只要耐心點(diǎn)就好。系動(dòng)詞后要用形容詞，故填patient。 Passage 4 (xx課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked，“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! Its __9__ (I)”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another. 答案與解析 本文講述的是在作者上學(xué)途中發(fā)生的一件事。一個(gè)男孩為了歸還一名乘客落下的手提箱，騎車追了公交車一站路。車上的每個(gè)人都對(duì)此事感觸頗多。 1．being　句意：一天早上，我正在等公交車，擔(dān)心上學(xué)會(huì)遲到。介詞后面用名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填being。 2．a(chǎn)nd　句意：有很多人在車站等車，而且其中一些人看起來(lái)很焦急、失望?？涨昂鬄檫f進(jìn)關(guān)系，故填and。 3．disappointed　and 前后成分一致，而且主語(yǔ)為人，故此空填過(guò)去分詞形式的形容詞disappointed，意為“感到失望的”。 4．to　句意：我呆在一個(gè)挨著窗戶的地方。next to 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“緊挨著”。故填to。 5．caught　句意：一個(gè)騎車的男孩引起了我的注意。文章在講述一個(gè)故事，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填caught。 6．to stop　句意：直到我們到了下一站，司機(jī)才停下車。refuse 后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，意為“拒絕做某事”。 7．riding　句意：然而，男孩一直在騎車(追趕)。keep 后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意為“持續(xù)做某事”，故填riding。 8．Did　句意：有人在上一站丟了一個(gè)手提箱么？表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞要用do 的某種形式，故填Did。 9．me/mine　此句可以理解為“是我(丟了箱子)”，故填人稱代詞賓格me；可以理解為“是我的(箱子)”，故填名詞性物主代詞mine。 10．suddenly　句意：這群陌生人突然變得彼此友好起來(lái)。修飾動(dòng)詞became 要用副詞形式，故填suddenly。 　　模擬精選 Passage 1 (xx吉林九校聯(lián)合體二模) When I was a little girl, every time my dad was repairing something，he __1__ ask me to hold the hammer, and meanwhile, have a conversation with me. I never saw my dad drinking or taking a night out. All he did after work was taking care of his family. I grew up and left home for college and __2__ then，my dad had been calling me every Sunday morning, no matter what. Several years later I bought a house, __3__ my dad painted by himself for three days in the 80degree summer heat. All he asked was __4__ me to talk to him. But I was always busy, __5__ (able) to find any time for conversation with him. One Sunday morning we had a telephone talk as usual. I noticed that my dad had forgotten some things we discussed lately. I was in a hurry, so our conversation was short. Later that day came a call __6__ (say) my father was in hospital. Immediately I bought a ticket for a flight and on my way I was thinking about all the __7__ (miss) occasions to have a talk with my dad. __8__ the time I got to hospital, my father had passed away. Now it was __9__ who did not have time for a conversation with me. I realized __10__ little I know about my dad，his deepest thoughts and dreams. After his death I learned more about him, and even more about myself. 答案與解析 父親有一個(gè)習(xí)慣，修東西時(shí)總是讓“我”拿著錘子和“我”聊天。上大學(xué)后父親每個(gè)周日都會(huì)給“我”打電話和“我”聊天。他所需要的僅僅是和“我”聊天而已，而“我”卻總是很忙。如今，父親已過(guò)世，想和他聊天，人卻已不在。 1．would　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。would do sth.表示“過(guò)去常常做某事”。句意：當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)小女孩的時(shí)候，每次爸爸修東西，都會(huì)讓我拿著錘子，和我說(shuō)說(shuō)話。由句意可知，應(yīng)填would。 2．since　考查介詞?！皌hen”在句中指代的是“我長(zhǎng)大后離開家上大學(xué)”這個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容“無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，父親都會(huì)在每個(gè)周日早上給我打電話”可以推斷，父親的這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“從那時(shí)以來(lái)”，故填since。 3．which　考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為a house，指物，且定語(yǔ)從句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故用which。 4．for　考查介詞。for在本句中意為“對(duì)于”，表對(duì)象。句意：他想要的僅僅是讓我和他說(shuō)說(shuō)話。 5．unable　考查形容詞。主句提到“我”總是很忙，由此推斷，因此“不能”找時(shí)間和父親說(shuō)說(shuō)話。故填unable，形容詞短語(yǔ)在句中做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 6．saying　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。saying在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾其前的名詞“a call”，兩者構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故填saying。 7．missed　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。“missed(錯(cuò)過(guò)的)”在句中做定語(yǔ)，與所修飾的名詞“時(shí)刻”之間構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用miss的過(guò)去分詞形式。 8．By　考查固定搭配?！癇y the time...”為固定句型，意為“到……時(shí)候”。句意：等我到達(dá)醫(yī)院的時(shí)候，我父親已經(jīng)去世了。 9．he　考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的主語(yǔ)。由上文內(nèi)容可知，父親已過(guò)世，由此推斷，現(xiàn)在是父親沒(méi)有時(shí)間和“我”說(shuō)話了。 10．how　考查副詞?！拔摇币庾R(shí)到了對(duì)于父親、他內(nèi)心深處的想法以及夢(mèng)想，“我”了解得有多么少。由句意可知，應(yīng)填how，意為“多么”，修飾其后的形容詞little。 Passage 2 (xx長(zhǎng)春第三次調(diào)研) The task of being accepted in a university begins early for some students. Long before they graduate __1__ high school, these students take special courses to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test __2__ well prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school，they plete __3__ (apply) and send them to the universities __4__ interest them most. Some high school students may be required to have __5__ interview with people from the university. __6__ (neat) dressed and a little bit frightened, they are determined to show that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed. If the new students __7__ (accept), many universities will offer an instruction program for them to get to know the procedures for students advising, university rules, the use of the library and all the __8__ major services of the university. Beginning a new life in a new place can be very __9__ (puzzle). The more knowledge students have about the school, the easier __10__ will be for them to adapt to the new environment. However，it takes time to get used to college life. 答案與解析 一些學(xué)生在上大學(xué)之前就開始了一系列的準(zhǔn)備工作：上一些專門開設(shè)的課程、考試來(lái)測(cè)試自己的準(zhǔn)備情況或者參加大學(xué)的面試。被錄取后，他們可以盡快地了解學(xué)校的相關(guān)信息，盡早適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活。 1．from　考查介詞。graduate from...為固定搭配，表示“畢業(yè)于……”。 2．how　考查副詞。句意：他們可能參加一次或者更多的考試，用以檢驗(yàn)自己為上大學(xué)準(zhǔn)備得怎樣。由句意可知，應(yīng)填副詞how，修飾其后的副詞well。 3．a(chǎn)pplication　考查名詞。plete 為及物動(dòng)詞，后接apply 的名詞形式application 做賓語(yǔ)。 4．that/which　考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為universities，指物，用that/which 引導(dǎo)。 5．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞。句意：一些高中生可能被要求接受大學(xué)的面試。此處用an 表示泛指。 6．Neatly　考查副詞。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞，故用neat 的副詞形式neatly。 7．a(chǎn)re accepted　考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。if 條件句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，“學(xué)生”與“錄用”的關(guān)系為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 8．other　考查形容詞。上文列舉了一系列步驟，下文應(yīng)是“其他”的相關(guān)服務(wù)。 9．puzzling　考查形容詞?？仗幵诰渲凶霰碚Z(yǔ)，修飾主語(yǔ)“Beginning a new life”。句意：在一個(gè)新的地方開始新的生活是令人迷惑的。故用puzzling。 10．it　考查代詞?！癷t”在句中做形式主語(yǔ)，代替“to adapt to the new environment”。 Passage 3 (xx河南濮陽(yáng)統(tǒng)一摸底) Some kids may assume that college is very much like their strict high school. But __1__ (actual) there are lots of freedom at college: Theres much more latitude (回旋余地，自由) in __2__ (choose) courses to take, __3__ students can focus primarily on subjects that interest them. Their schedule will vary widely, too. Some days they may have no __4__ (course) until noon. Most courses may only meet three times a week. These are interesting details that not every youngster is aware of. In __5__ (add), students will meet many, many new friends. Theyll be in a munity，__6__ almost everyone is roughly the same age. Colleges __7__ (type) feature scores of clubs, sports, and others activities and thus students arent likely to be bored. Instead of being out in the working world，theyll be among new friends, __8__ (take) many courses that interest them and enjoying a rich __9__ (society) life. Another pelling(有強(qiáng)烈吸引力的) point is financial. According to the estimated figures, those who have received a college education will make to ones earning power. Obviously a good job today requires __10__ least a college education. 答案與解析 本文主要講述了上大學(xué)的樂(lè)趣。 1．a(chǎn)ctually　考查副詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鰻钫Z(yǔ)，修飾主句的情況，故用actual的副詞形式。 2．choosing　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。in為介詞，其應(yīng)用v.－ing形式，故填choosing。 3．a(chǎn)nd　考查連詞。學(xué)生在選擇要上的課程上更加自由和首先關(guān)注感興趣的課程之間為并列關(guān)系，故用并列連詞and。 4．courses　考查名詞。“have no”相當(dāng)于“doesnt have”，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞在使用時(shí)，其前無(wú)定語(yǔ)修飾，應(yīng)使用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填courses。 5．a(chǎn)ddition　考查固定搭配。in addition表示“此外”，為固定搭配。 6．where　考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為munity，表地點(diǎn)，再分析定語(yǔ)從句，句子成分完整，故填關(guān)系副詞where。 7．typically　考查副詞。空處在句中修飾其后的動(dòng)詞feature，故用其副詞形式。句意：大學(xué)典型地以很多的社團(tuán)，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)和其他的活動(dòng)為特征。 8．taking　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鰻钫Z(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為they，兩者構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式taking。 9．social　考查形容詞。空處在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾其后的名詞life，故用其形容詞形式。 10．a(chǎn)t　考查固定搭配。at least表示“至少”，為固定搭配。 Passage 4 (xx河南適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練) Dear Diary， Sorry I didnt get to write last night! It was such a busy day，and I was __1__ tired to write anything. I was right about Sarah not being okay. Yesterday, she __2__ (bare) spoke to me，and anything she did say was a “yes” or “no” answer. I __3__ (try) so hard to get her to cheer up，but of course she just kept saying, “Im fine，Im fine. ”Uggh! I wish she __4__ honest with me! Im always honest with her! Its not fair! Jane also seemed mad all day __5__ she could tell that Sarah was not really being nice to her. I hate __6__ (be) in the middle of all of this. What am I __7__ (suppose) to do? Sarahs been my friend since forever, and Jane is my new friend, and I dont want to hurt __8__ (anyone) feelings! But I think that Jane is right about Sarah. Im worried she was saying mean(刻薄的) things __9__ Sarah to our other friends when she didnt know the truth，but I dont want to tell her that to her face. I wish __10__ (thing) were simple like they were in elementary school. 答案與解析 作者的老朋友Sarah情緒低落，對(duì)作者的態(tài)度十分冷淡，并且對(duì)作者的新朋友Jane態(tài)度也十分不友好。作者擔(dān)心Jane會(huì)對(duì)他人說(shuō)Sarah的壞話卻又不能對(duì)Jane直說(shuō)，進(jìn)退兩難的作者多希望一切會(huì)像上小學(xué)時(shí)一樣簡(jiǎn)單。 1．too　“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”。句意：昨天很忙，我太累了，什么也沒(méi)寫。 2．barely　修飾動(dòng)詞spoke應(yīng)用副詞，故填barely。 3．tried　由上文內(nèi)容可知，本句敘述的是昨天的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 4．would be/had been/were　句意：我希望她會(huì)對(duì)我坦誠(chéng)相待。句中并沒(méi)有指明具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故三種形式均可，分別表示對(duì)將來(lái)、過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬。 5．because　Jane似乎一整天也很抓狂，因?yàn)樗部吹贸鯯arah對(duì)她不友好。由句意可知，應(yīng)填because，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 6．being/to be　hate后可接“doing”與“to do”兩種形式做賓語(yǔ)。 7．supposed　be supposed to do sth.表示“應(yīng)該做某事”。 8．a(chǎn)nyones　空格處在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾其后的名詞feelings，故應(yīng)用anyones。 9．a(chǎn)bout　about“關(guān)于”。句意：我擔(dān)心她會(huì)說(shuō)一些關(guān)于Sarah的刻薄的話語(yǔ)。由句意可知，應(yīng)填about。 10．things　空格處后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)，故賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式things。 Passage 5 (xx河南南丘二模) How Do Learning Habits Influence Learning Results? Its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings.”， __1__ shows the importance of habits. “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results __2__ (include) high scores and abundant knowledge. At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and __3__ (attitude) to the content of our learning. Obviously, a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we __4__ see，developing a good habit is so important __5__ I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits—keeping a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by __6__ (write) learning summaries and remember to record something impressive and __7__(meaning). Keep __8__ in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it. Whats more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate __9__ reading for a short time and I __10__ (conquer) this problem by spending more effort on concentration practice. I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits. 答案與解析 本文主要向我們講述了好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣會(huì)影響學(xué)習(xí)效率。 1．which　考查定語(yǔ)從句。該空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“Good habits lead to good endings”這句話，故用which。 2．including　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。空處在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的名詞learning results，兩者構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用including。 3．a(chǎn)ttitudes　考查名詞?！癴orm”后有兩個(gè)并列的名詞做賓語(yǔ)，其一是“ways”，其二應(yīng)用“attitude”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 4．can　考查固定句型?！癆s we can see”表示“正如我們看到的那樣”。 5．that　考查連詞?！梆B(yǎng)成一種好的習(xí)慣如此重要以至于我想介紹一種好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣”。由句意可知，that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，與so 構(gòu)成“so...that...”句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。 6．writing　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞后應(yīng)使用v.ing形式。 7．meaningful　考查形容詞。修飾不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞后置，“impressive”與“meaningful”同時(shí)修飾something。 8．it　考查代詞。it 指代前文“如何養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣”這件事。 9．on　考查介詞。concentrate on... 表示“集中注意力于……”。 10．will conquer　考查時(shí)態(tài)?？朔@個(gè)問(wèn)題是將來(lái)的事情，故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 Passage 6 (xx河南南陽(yáng)第三次聯(lián)考) On a very cold evening，an old man was waiting for a ride across the river. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didnt ask for any help. The wait seemed __1__ (end). Then came another rider，the old man __2__ (catch) his eye and said, “Sir, would you mind doing me a favor？” Stopping his horse, he replied, “Of course.” Almost __3__ (freeze)，the old man could not get __4__ the ground. The horseman helped him onto his horse. He took the old man not just across the river, __5__ to his home. “Sir，you didnt even ask the other riders for help, why? What __6__ I had said ‘no’ and left you there？” the horseman asked. The old man looked at him straight in the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes. I found they didnt care, __7__ told me it would be useless，but when I looked into __8__， I saw kindness.” These words touched the rider deeply. “Thank you for __9__ youve said. I hope I will never be too busy to help others.” With that，Thomas Jefferson，the __10__ (three) president of the US，turned his horse around and went away. 答案與解析 本文講述了美國(guó)第三任總統(tǒng)好心幫助一位老者過(guò)河的故事，彰顯了他的高貴品質(zhì)：再忙也要幫助他人。 1．endless　考查形容詞。seem為系動(dòng)詞，其后可用名詞/形容詞做表語(yǔ)，上文提到，他看到幾個(gè)騎馬人經(jīng)過(guò)卻未尋求幫助，由此可以推知，等待是“漫長(zhǎng)的”，故用endless。 2．caught　考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后文的“said”可以推知，此處陳述的是過(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 3．frozen　考查形容詞。形容詞在句中做狀語(yǔ)，可以描述主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。故此處應(yīng)填“frozen”，表示老人(因長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的等待)凍僵了。 4．off　考查介詞。句意：老人幾乎凍僵了，無(wú)法從地面上移開步伐。表示“從……離開”，應(yīng)用介詞off。 5．but　考查固定搭配?！皀ot just...but...”表示“不僅……而且……”。句意：他不僅把這位老人運(yùn)過(guò)河，還把他送回家。 6．if　考查固定句型?！皐hat if...？”為固定句型，表示“要是……會(huì)怎樣？”。 7．which　考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為they didnt care，指一件事，且此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故用which，在句中做主語(yǔ)。 8．yours　考查代詞。yours與前文中的their eyes相對(duì)，指yom eyes。后半句句意：但是當(dāng)我注視著你的眼睛的時(shí)候，我看到了友善。 9．what　考查連詞。for后的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，且由句意“謝謝你所說(shuō)的話”可推知，該空應(yīng)填what。 10．third　考查序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)前常用the修飾，且由常識(shí)可知，Thomas Jefferson為美國(guó)第三任總統(tǒng)，故填third。 Passage 7 (xx山西第三次四校聯(lián)考) Do you like travelling? Staying __1__ (health) while __2__ (travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one. __3__ you are travelling abroad, here are the tips you need to make your trip much __4__ (easy)． Make sure you have got signed passports(護(hù)照) and visas. Also，before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport! Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will help a lot if your passport __5__ (steal). Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives. Carry the other __6__ you in a separate place from your passport. Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit. Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to __7__ you are travelling. Leave a copy of your itinerary (旅行計(jì)劃) with family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency. Do not accept packages from strangers. Do not carry too much money or __8__ (necessary) credit cards. If we make enough __9__ (prepare), we will succeed. Have __10__ good time! 答案與解析 本文主要就旅行時(shí)如何保持身體健康提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。 1．healthy　考查形容詞。句意：在旅行的時(shí)候保持身體健康可以確保你享有一個(gè)快樂(lè)而又舒適的旅行。stay healthy“保持身體健康”。 2．travelling　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處省略了主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)you are，故用travel的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 3．If/When/While　考查狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此空既可以用引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的If“如果”，也可以用引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的When/While。 4．easier　考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。由空前的much可知，此處應(yīng)用easy的比較級(jí)形式。 5．is stolen　考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。passport和steal是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且此處是在陳述一般情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is stole