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電動絞車剎車裝置的設(shè)計 摘 要 機(jī)械是人類生產(chǎn)和生活的基本工具要素之一，是人類物質(zhì)文明最重要的一個組成部 分。機(jī)械工業(yè)擔(dān)負(fù)著向國民經(jīng)濟(jì)各部門，包括工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和社會生活各個方面提供各種 性能先進(jìn)、使用安全可靠的技術(shù)裝備的任務(wù)，在國家現(xiàn)代化的建設(shè)中占有舉足輕重的地 位。20 世紀(jì) 80 年代以來，以微電子、信息、新材料、系統(tǒng)科學(xué)為代表的新一代科學(xué)技術(shù) 的發(fā)展及其在機(jī)械工程領(lǐng)域中廣泛滲透、應(yīng)用和衍生，極大的拓展了機(jī)械產(chǎn)品設(shè)計制造 活動的深度和廣度，改變了現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計方法、產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方法、生產(chǎn)工 藝和設(shè)備以及生產(chǎn)組織模式，產(chǎn)生了一大批新的機(jī)械設(shè)計制造方法和制造系統(tǒng)。 電動絞車作為一種機(jī)械產(chǎn)品，有著理論基礎(chǔ)不在局限于力學(xué)，制造過程的基礎(chǔ)也不 只是設(shè)計與制造經(jīng)驗(yàn)及技藝的總結(jié)。本設(shè)計涉及到了電動機(jī)的選取，齒輪與傳動裝置的 設(shè)計，還有制動裝置的選用以及減速器的計算，最后通過對零件的設(shè)計達(dá)到最后電動絞 車的總裝要求。總之，本設(shè)計注意到了調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，反映在大學(xué)期間學(xué)習(xí) 到的知識的聯(lián)系和銜接，內(nèi)容分配合理，即相互聯(lián)系又避免不必要的重復(fù)，在設(shè)計中形 成自己的特色，對自己以后工作墊下堅實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。 關(guān)鍵詞：電動機(jī)；聯(lián)軸器；傳動裝置；減速器；制動裝置 Abstract Machinery is the basic tool of human production and life of human material civilization, is one of the most important part of. Machinery industry is responsible for the national economic sectors, including industrial, agricultural and each aspect of social life with a variety of advanced performance, safe and reliable use of the technology and equipment of the task, in the national modernization construction occupies the position of play a decisive role. Since the nineteen eighties, microelectronics, information, new material, system science as the representative of the new generation of the development of science and technology and in the mechanical engineering field widely, application and derivative, greatly expanding the product design and manufacture of mechanical activity of the depth and breadth of modern manufacturing industry, changed the method of product design, product structure, production methods, production technology and equipment and the production organization pattern, resulting in a large number of new mechanical design manufacturing method and system. Electric winch is a mechanical product, a theoretical basis is not limited to mechanical, manufacturing process based not only design and manufacturing experience and technology summary. This design involves the selection of electric motor, gear and gear design, and the braking device selection and the speed reducer are calculated, finally through to reach the final parts of the design of electric winch assembly requirements. In short, this design pay attention to adjust a structure, strengthen the scientific basis, reflected in the university period to learn knowledge of contact and connection, content distribution is reasonable, namely the interrelated and avoid unnecessary duplication, in the design of forming its own characteristics, to their later work mat foundation. Key words：Motor；Coupling；Gear；Reducer；Braking device 目 錄 摘 要 ......................................................................1 1 緒論 ......................................................................1 1.1 絞車的研究現(xiàn)狀 .........................................................1 1.2 絞車的種類 .............................................................1 1.3 絞車的應(yīng)用 .............................................................2 1.4 絞車設(shè)計的主要內(nèi)容 .....................................................3 2 電動機(jī)的選取 ..............................................................4 2.1 電動機(jī)的功能 ...........................................................4 2.2 電動機(jī)的種類 ...........................................................4 2.3 電動機(jī)選取與計算 .......................................................7 3 制動系統(tǒng) ..................................................................9 3.1 離合器的設(shè)計 ...........................................................9 3.2 制動器的設(shè)計計算 ......................................................11 3.2.1 制動器的外形 ......................................................11 3.2.2 制動器系數(shù)的分析 ..................................................13 3.2.3 制動器制動力矩的確定 ..............................................13 3.3 制動器主要零部件 ......................................................14 3.4 摩擦襯片的磨損特性計算 ................................................15 4 減速器的設(shè)計 .............................................................17 4.1 傳動參數(shù)的設(shè)計 ........................................................17 4.2 減速器齒輪選擇和計算 ..................................................18 4.3 軸的計算和校核 ........................................................25 5 聯(lián)軸器的設(shè)計 .............................................................27 5.1 聯(lián)軸器的種類和選用因素 ................................................27 5.2 聯(lián)軸器的功能用途 ......................................................29 5.3 聯(lián)軸器的材料 ..........................................................30 6 其他附件的設(shè)計 ............................................................31 7 結(jié)語 ......................................................................32 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................33 致 謝 .....................................................................34 1 緒論 1.1 絞車的研究現(xiàn)狀 絞車又稱為卷揚(yáng)機(jī)，主要運(yùn)用于建筑、水利工程、林業(yè)、礦山、碼頭等的物料升降 或平拖。是用卷筒纏繞鋼絲繩或鏈條以提升或牽引重物的輕小型起重設(shè)備。