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2019-2020年中考英語(yǔ) 知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理 第10講 八上 Unit 3-4復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)即時(shí)訓(xùn)練 一、易錯(cuò)單詞 1. 訂貨 2. 顯示器 3. 鼠標(biāo) 4. 腦 5. 速度 6. 公司 7. 總額 8. 廣告 9. 車輪 10. 四輪馬車 11. 世紀(jì) 12. 乘客 13. 距離 14. 翅膀 15. 引言 16. 比較 17. 控制 18. 依賴 19. 操作 20. 出售 21. 創(chuàng)造 22. 發(fā)明 23. 開(kāi)發(fā) 24. 昂貴的 25. 微小的 26. 受歡迎的 27. 使人舒服的 28. 適用的 29. 特殊的 30. 從……以來(lái) 二、詞匯測(cè)試 i. 從下面每小題的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以替換劃線部分的最佳選項(xiàng)。 1. —When was the park built? —About a century ago. A. one hundred minutes B. one thousand days C. one hundred years 2. Germs are so tiny that we can’t see them. A. very big B. very cool C. very small 3. —How about this pair of shoes? —It is expensive. A. small B. big C. dear 4. —What advice do you have for me? —You need money and time, in addition, you need hard work. A. however B. because C. besides 5. She’s almost 30 years old. A. nearly B. hardly C. usually 6. —Do you know how to operate the machine? —Sorry, I don’t know. A. make ... work B. make ... stop C. make ... see 7. The red sofa in the living room is fortable. A. hard B. soft C. big 8. They were unaware of the danger they were in. A. didn’t stop B. didn’t realize C. didn’t say ii. 根據(jù)句子意思，從下面每小題的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)完成句子。 9. A/An ______ means the part that es at the beginning and tells you what the rest of the book is about. A. introduction B. invention C. support 10. —Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —Well, it all ______ on the weather. A. puts B. depends C. controls 11. The explorers made a camp fire to ______ wild animals. A. keep off B. keep on C. keep up 12. You think studying English well is difficult, but we know interest can be ______ any way. A. found B. showed C. developed 13. —It’s interesting to ______ these two cars. —I agree with you. They look difterent in some ways. A. pare B. realize C. promise 三、詞組英漢互譯 1. work as 2. 沒(méi)意識(shí)到 3. in addition 4. 依靠 5. grand total 6. 期待 7. since then 8. 與……保持聯(lián)系 9. in the daytime 10. 使……不接近 11. at the same time 12. 代替 13. be short of 14. 數(shù)百萬(wàn)的 四、課文語(yǔ)法填空 根據(jù)所學(xué)課文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。 The first puters were bigger than cars in 1. ________ 1940s, but 2. ________ (today) puters are being smaller and 3. ________ (good). Some of them are so small that we may be 4. ________ (aware) of them. We can use puters to calculate, help type and draw things and do 5. ________ (importance) jobs such as operating railways and 6. ________ (fly) planes and spaceships. One day puters may be able 7. ________ (do) better jobs than man, but they can’t be cleverer than man 8. ________ man can e up with new 9. ________ (idea). However, we still can’t help thinking: What 10. ________ (happen) to us if puters can do all our jobs? Will they make our lives better? 必考詞匯背記 1. pare v.: discover the differences and similarities between things 比較；對(duì)比 He can’t pare with Shakespeare as a writer of tragedies. 作為一個(gè)悲劇作家，他無(wú)法和莎士比亞相比。 ◇常用短語(yǔ) pare ... with ... 把……和……相比 pare ... to ... 把……比作…… 2. control n. & v.: make sth. do what you want it to do 操縱；控制 He lost control of his car. 他的車失控了。 I don’t know how to control the machine. 我不知道怎樣操作那臺(tái)機(jī)器。 ◇拓展 in control (of) 掌控著 lose control 失去控制 under the control of 在……控制之下 out of control 失去控制 3. depend v.: rely; be supported by 依靠；依賴 You can’t depend on your parents forever. 你不能永遠(yuǎn)依賴你的父母。 All living things depend on the sun for their growth. 萬(wàn)物生長(zhǎng)靠太陽(yáng)。 ◇常用短語(yǔ) depend on 依靠 ◇拓展 dependence n.依賴；依靠 dependent adj. 依靠的；依賴的 independent adj. 獨(dú)立的 4. be unaware of: not realize 沒(méi)認(rèn)識(shí)到；未察覺(jué) He may be unaware of his rudeness. 他可能沒(méi)意識(shí)到他的粗魯。 She was unaware of the danger. 她沒(méi)有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。 ◇反義詞組 be aware of 意識(shí)到 ◇拓展 awareness n.意識(shí) unawareness n. 沒(méi)認(rèn)識(shí)到；未覺(jué)察到 5. create v.: make 創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作 God created the world. 上帝創(chuàng)造了世界。 A novelist creates characters and a plot. 小說(shuō)家塑造人物并設(shè)計(jì)情節(jié)。 ◇拓展 creative adj. 有創(chuàng)造力的 creatively adv. 創(chuàng)造地 creativity n. 創(chuàng)造力 creation n. 創(chuàng)造 6. develop v.: increase or bee larger or more plete 開(kāi)發(fā)；發(fā)展 We believe that sports can develop mind and body. 我們認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)可促進(jìn)身心發(fā)展。 They decided to develop a new product. 他們決定開(kāi)發(fā)一種新產(chǎn)品。 ◇常用短語(yǔ) developing country 發(fā)展中國(guó)家 developed country 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 ◇拓展 development n. 發(fā)展 7. special adj.: not ordinary 特殊的；特別的 This lock has a special key. 這個(gè)鎖有把特別的鑰匙。 Today is a special day. 今天是一個(gè)特殊的日子。 ◇拓展 specially adv.特別地；專門地 specialist n.專家 8. introduction A. n.: sth. that leads the main part of sth. 引言 The introduction tells you how to use the book. 引言告訴你怎樣使用這本書(shū)。 B. n.: formal presentation of one person to another 介紹；引見(jiàn) He give us a brief introduction about his pany. 他向我們簡(jiǎn)要介紹了一下他的公司。 ◇拓展 introduce v. 介紹 You can introduce her to your new friends. 你可以把她介紹給你的新朋友。 9. instead of: in place of 代替；頂替 We went to the Biology class instead of attending the English class. 我們?nèi)ド仙镎n而不去上英語(yǔ)課。 ◇辨析 instead, instead of instead 是副詞，側(cè)重指“取而代之”，往往位于句子開(kāi)頭或句末。如：Give me this instead. instead of 是介詞詞組，意為“代替；而不是”，其后跟名詞、代詞、v.+ing 形式或介詞短語(yǔ)。如：Many young people like pop songs instead of folk songs. 許多年輕人喜歡流行音樂(lè)而不是民歌。 10. keep in touch with: be in contact with sb. 與……保持聯(lián)系 We keep in touch with each other by e-mail. 我們通過(guò)電子郵件保持聯(lián)系。 Do you still keep in touch with Tom? 你還和湯姆保持聯(lián)系嗎？ ◇同義詞組 municate with 與……聯(lián)系 ◇拓展 keep ... off 使……不接近 keep up with 跟上 keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離 keep quiet 保持安靜 keep healthy 保持健康 keep the record 保持紀(jì)錄 寫(xiě)作句型運(yùn)用 1. on one hand ..., on the other hand ... 一方面……，另一方面…… ◇例句 On one hand, it brings us a lot of convenience and happiness. On the other hand, it also brings us troubles. 一方面，它帶給我們?cè)S多便利和快樂(lè)；另一方面，它也帶給我們麻煩。 ◇用法 on one hand ..., on the other hand ... 一般是用于提出兩個(gè)相反的事物和看法，也用于對(duì)比不同的事物。 ◇運(yùn)用 她一方面教英語(yǔ)，另一方面學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。（漢譯英） _______________________________________________ 2. however 然而；但是 ◇例句 However, some students play games, chat with friends, and even surf the unhealthy websites on the Internet the whole day. 然而，一些學(xué)生一整天都在網(wǎng)上玩游戲，和朋友聊天，甚至瀏覽不健康的網(wǎng)站。 ◇用法 however 副詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，通常用逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開(kāi)。 ◇運(yùn)用 我們都已盡了最大的努力，然而我們還是輸了比賽。 （漢譯英） _______________________________________________ 寫(xiě)作模板狂背 類型：科學(xué)與技術(shù) 典例：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利弊 模板： Internet is now ing into our life. On one hand, it brings us a lot of convenience and happiness. On the other hand, it also brings us troubles. Some students use the Internet as a tool to study. They look up the meanings of the words, the background of an event or a story, etc. Internet helps them learn more and study well. However, some students play games, chat with friends, and even surf the unhealthy websites on the Internet the whole day. They are not interested in their subjects. It’s very dangerous for them! In my opinion, we should make good use of the Internet and stay away from the unhealthy websites. 提醒：能力提升卷（十）的書(shū)面表達(dá)就寫(xiě)科學(xué)與技術(shù) 第十講?基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)即時(shí)訓(xùn)練答案 一、1. order 2. monitor 3. mouse 4. brain 5. speed 6. pany 7. total 8. advertisement 9. wheel 10. carriage 11. century 12. passenger 13. distance 14. wing 15. introduction 16. pare 17. control 18. depend 19. operate 20. sell 21. create 22. invent 23. develop 24. expensive 25. tiny 26. popular 27. fortable 28. practical 29. special 30. since 二、i. CCCCA ABB ii. ABACA 三、1. 從事……工作 2. be unaware of 3. 除……之外（還） 4. depend on 5. 總計(jì)；共計(jì) 6. look forward to 7. 自從那以來(lái) 8. keep in touch with 9. 在白天 10. keep ... off 11. 同時(shí) 12. instead of 13. 缺乏…… 14. millions of 四、1. the 2. today’s 3. better 4. unaware 5. important 6. flying 7. to do 8. because 9. ideas 10. will happen 寫(xiě)作句型運(yùn)用 1. On the one hand, she teaches English; on the other hand she learns Chinese. 2. We all tried our best. However, we lost the game.