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2019年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 1-7 動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)提能專訓(xùn) Ⅰ.單句語法填空(動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)) 1．(xx湖南“五市十?！备呷?lián)合檢測)Anyone who knows about the world－famous scientist Stephen Hawking can see that, within his small and weak figure, he ________(carry) a big heart. 答案：carries　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：任何一個了解世界著名的科學(xué)家史蒂芬霍金的人都知道在他弱小的身軀里藏著一顆博大的心。根據(jù)“Anyone who knows about the world－famous scientist Stephen Hawking can see that”可知，此句表示的是客觀事實，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。 2. (xx沈陽高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)I ________(dream) of being a professional photographer ever since I was ten. 答案：have been dreaming　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“ever since I was ten”可知此處表示“從十歲以來一直夢想做某事”，即從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。 3. (xx成都高中畢業(yè)班診斷性檢測)—Will you be available at three oclock tomorrow afternoon? —No. I ________(attend) a lecture then. 答案：will be attending　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：——明天下午三點你有空嗎？——沒有。那時我正聽講座呢。時間狀語then指的是問句中提到的“at three oclock tomorrow afternoon”，表示將來某一時刻正在做某事，所以用將來進行時。 4. (xx陜西高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)—Why is the road so crowded? —The two new underground lines ________(build)． 答案：are being built　解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：——路上怎么這么擁擠？——兩條新地鐵線路正在修建中。語境敘述的是與現(xiàn)在相關(guān)的動作，地鐵線路正在被修建，故用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。 5. (xx湖南“五市十?！备呷?lián)合檢測)—Can he get the first prize for running in this sports meeting? —Impossible now. He ________(expect) to do so, but he has just hurt his leg. 答案：was expected　解析：考查時態(tài)與語態(tài)。句意：——他能夠在這次運動會的長跑比賽中獲得冠軍嗎？——現(xiàn)在不可能了。原先還期望他能，但他剛剛傷了腿。根據(jù)語境和句意可知，他過去被人們期待，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。 6. (xx重慶高三聯(lián)合測試)Life is like a hot bath. It ________(feel) good while youre in it, but the longer you stay in, the more wrinkled you get. 答案：feels　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：生活就像洗熱水澡。泡著很舒服，但泡得越久，你的皮膚就越皺。本句是在闡述人生的感悟，系動詞feel應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時。系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，進行時表示現(xiàn)在的動作。 7. (xx北京海淀區(qū)高三期末)—Have they got our car repaired? —I dont know. But it ________(repair) when I called them yesterday. 答案：was being repaired　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：——他們把我們的汽車修好了嗎？——不知道。但我昨天給他們打電話的時候他們正在修。由時間狀語從句“when I called them yesterday”可知，這里表示在過去的某個時候該動作正在進行，故用過去進行時。 8. (xx福建福州高三質(zhì)量檢測)—You seem to be familiar with this city. —I ________(live) here for three years. Its great to be back. 答案：lived　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：——你似乎對這座城市很熟悉。——我在這里生活過3年。回來的感覺真好。根據(jù)語境可知，說話人只是在陳述在這里生活過3年的事實，故用一般過去時。 9. (xx鄭州高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量預(yù)測)—Have you read any novels written by the famous writer Mo Yan? —Yes, of course. I ________(read) several of his works when I was studying abroad. 答案：read　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：——你讀過著名作家莫言寫的小說嗎？——當(dāng)然讀過。我在國外讀書的時候就讀了他的好幾部作品。題干中有表示過去的時間狀語從句，即“在國外讀書的時候”，因此這里用一般過去時。 10. (xx浙江名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)—Doctor, Im very concerned about my sons height these days. —Nothing serious, madam. He ________(develop) normally. After all, he is merely 12. 答案：is developing　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：——醫(yī)生，我最近非常擔(dān)心我兒子的身高?！獩]什么嚴重的，夫人。他發(fā)育正常，畢竟他只有12歲。此處用現(xiàn)在進行時，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。 11. (xx浙江考試院抽學(xué)校高三抽測測試)By the time the traffic ________(clear), we will have run out of gas. 答案：clears　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：到交通通暢的時候，我們的油都要用完了。依據(jù)By the time和主句中的will可知，從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來，所以填clears。 12．(xx重慶市高三聯(lián)合測試)—Whats up? The house is in a mess. —Oh, I forgot to tell you. It ________(repaint)． 答案：is being repainted　解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：——怎么回事？屋子里亂糟糟的。——哦，我忘了告訴你，房子正在被重新粉刷。此處表示說話時正在進行的動作，故用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。 13. (xx北京海淀區(qū)高三期末)—Have you heard of the accident on this road last night? —Yes. And there ________(be) three accidents here so far this year. 答案：have been　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：——昨天晚上這條公路上發(fā)生的車禍你聽說了嗎？——聽說了。到現(xiàn)在為止今年這里已經(jīng)發(fā)生三起車禍了。根據(jù)時間狀語“so far this year”可知，這里敘述的是延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。 14. (xx鄭州高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測)Larry, were glad you ________(arrive). We were beginning to drive to the station to meet you. 答案：have arrived　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：拉里，我們很高興你已經(jīng)到了。我們正準備開車去車站接你呢。從句意可知，arrive這一動作已經(jīng)完成，“我們”不必去接，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。 15. (xx合肥高三質(zhì)量檢測)I am sorry I didnt go to the cinema with you yesterday. You know, I ________(see) the film. 答案：had seen　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：對不起，昨天沒有陪你去看電影。你知道，我早就看過這部電影了。根據(jù)句意可知，“我看過這部電影”發(fā)生在“昨天沒有陪同”之前，即表示過去的過去，故用過去完成時。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解(科普研究類＋史地人文類) A The first ever human head transplant (移植) is now possible. Dr. Sergio Canavero believes that the technology now allows doctors to carry out the Frankenstein－style procedure, which has been tested out on animals since 1970. Up until now there has been no way to successfully reconnect the spinal cord (脊髓), leaving the subjects paralyzed from the point where the transplant was connected. Recent advances have meant that reconnecting the spinal cord is now possible, and it is believed that the breakthrough means that previously deadly diseases could be cured. However, other experts cannot accept the idea. Professor Anthony Warrens, from the British Transplantation Society, said, “Connecting a head to a body is impossible for human beings today. The whole idea is bizarre.” In 1970 Robert White successfully transplanted the head of a rhesus monkey (恒河猴) onto the body of a second rhesus, and Dr. Sergio Canavero, a member of the Turin Advanced Neuromodulation Group, has suggested a similar method. “The greatest technical difficulty in such an attempt is of course the reconnection of spinal cords between two creatures. It is my opinion that the technology only now exists for such linkage，” he said. “It is argued that several up to now hopeless medical conditions might benefit from such procedure.” He believes that a team of 100 could perform the operation in 36 hours —at a cost of ￡8.5 million. Both heads would have to be removed at the same time, and reconnected within an hour. “This is no longer science fiction. It could be done today —now. If the operation is done it will provide a few people with a great amount of extra life.” he said.“The only reason I have not gone further is lack of a huge amount of money for the operation.” However, Dr. Calum Mackellar, from the Scottish Council on Human Bioethics, added, “This sounds like something from a scary movie.” 1. What has been the key to human head transplant? A. The choosing of human heads. B. The reconnection of spinal cords. C. Lack of a huge amount of money. D. Strong disagreement of the public. 2. The underlined word “bizarre” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A. exciting B. clear C. strange D. unpleasant 3. Robert Whites experiment on rhesus monkeys shows ________. A. the possibility of reconnecting the spinal cord B. the difference between animals and humans C. a breakthrough in human head transplant D. some unsolved technical difficulties 4. The last but one paragraph mainly talks about ________. A. the operation of human head transplant B. the development of transplant technology C. how to perform the operation successfully D. whether the operation is worth performing 答案： 【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了人體頭顱移植手術(shù)的可能性。 1. B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的Up until now there has been no way to successfully reconnect the spinal cord及第三段第二句可知，到目前為止，人體頭顱移植的關(guān)鍵在于脊髓的再結(jié)合，故選B項。 2. C　解析：詞義猜測題。由前面的Connecting a head to a body is impossible for human beings today可知，Anthony Warrens教授認為這種想法太荒謬了，故選C項。 3. A　解析：推理判斷題。由第三段中的In 1970 Robert White successfully transplanted the head of a rhesus monkey onto the body of a second rhesus可知，恒河猴頭顱移植手術(shù)的成功使得脊髓再結(jié)合成為可能，故選A項。 4. A　解析：段落大意題。文章倒數(shù)第二段主要介紹了手術(shù)所需的時間、費用、進行手術(shù)的條件及其好處等，故選A項。 B (xx河南高三適應(yīng)性考試) Brown cows may not actually make chocolate milk, but pink silkworms(蠶) do produce pink silk, a team of scientists has discovered. To see if they could produce predyed silk—silk that es colored, straight from the source—the team fed ordinary silkworms mulberry(桑樹) leaves that had been sprayed(噴灑) with fabric(織物) dyes(染色劑). Out of seven tested dyes, only one worked, producing a thread that reminded me of pinkdyed hair. And yes, the worms themselves take on some color before they produce silk. Their colorful diets did not affect their growth, the team, which included engineers and biologists from the CSIRNational Chemical Laboratory in India, reports in the journal ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. (The researchers didnt look too deeply into how the dyes affected the silkworms health. After all, silkworms die when people harvest their silk.) The team made dyeing silk this way because coloring fabric normally uses large amounts of fresh water. The water gets polluted with dangerous chemicals in the process, requiring costly treatment before factories can send it back into waterways. Dyeing silk directly by feeding silkworms would avoid those waterwashing steps. Scientists are just starting to study this idea. However, it remains to be seen if its mercially successful. In this experiment, the Indian team tested seven dyes, which are cheap and popular in the industry. The scientists found different dyes moved through silkworms bodies differently. Some never made it into the worms silk at all. Others colored the worms and their silk, but the color disappears before the silk is turned into fabric. Only one dye, named “direct acid fast red”， showed up in the final, washed silk threads. By the time it made it there, it was a pleasant, light pink. 5. The text is most probably a(n) ________. A．science report B．tourist guide C．a(chǎn)nimal experiment D．fashion advertisement 6. Silkworms can produce pink silk because ________. A．they are born pink B．they are dyed pink C．they grow in pink water D．they are fed dyed food 7. Where is the experiment carried out? A．In America. B．In India. C．In Israel. D．In China. 8. How many dyes have been proved successful in the experiment? A．One. B．Three. C．Five. D．Seven. 答案： 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。你聽說過蠶能吐出粉色的絲嗎？印度的科學(xué)家做了大量的實驗，他們通過給蠶喂一些噴過染色劑的桑樹葉子，最終成功地使蠶吐出了粉色的絲。 5．A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)對全文的理解可知，科學(xué)家們通過給蠶喂一些噴過染色劑的食物使其吐出粉色的絲。文中介紹了實驗過程和實驗結(jié)論，所以應(yīng)該是一篇科技報告。故選A。 6．D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句中的“...the team fed ordinary silkworms mulberry(桑樹)leaves that had been sprayed(噴灑)with fabric(織物)dyes (染色劑)．Out of seven tested dyes，only one worked，producing a thread that reminded me of pinkdyed hair.”可知，科學(xué)家用被噴灑織物染色劑的桑樹葉子喂養(yǎng)普通的蠶。在七個被測試的染料中，只有一種染料起作用，這種蠶絲，讓“我”想起染上粉色的頭發(fā)。由此推知，蠶之所以會吐出粉色的絲是因為他們被喂了含有染色劑的食物。故選D。 7．B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中“...the team，which included engineers and biologists from the CSIRNational Chemical Laboratory in India...”可知，實驗是在印度進行的。故選B。 8．A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Only one dye，named ‘direct acid fast red，showed up in the final，washed silk threads.”可知，只有一種染料成功了。故選A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(記敘文) During the winter of xx, I had the opportunity to teach tennis in Nevis in the Caribbean Sea. My experience teaching and staying on the island was wonderful, __1__ it was also hard work! After several weeks of teaching, I was __2__ for a vacation! I had planned a surfing outing at a surf camp in Panama with my friend Clayton. I __3__ to Panama City with my tennis bag and off we went to the remote Bay of Chiriqui. To get to the camp, we had to load Claytons surfboards and my __4__ gear(裝備) on and off several buses and boats. After eight hours of travel we finally __5__. The camp was perfect. The rooms were ideal. I rented a board and we had an unbelievable week __6__ good waves. On our __7__ trip, we learned that our bus back to Panama City had been delayed. The sun was __8__ down on us, and the only __9__ was under a canvas canopy(帆布罩篷), next to the bus terminal attendants __10__. As I walked over to the shaded area, a couple of kids started throwing __11__ at me. Thinking quickly, I reached into my __12__ and opened a can of tennis balls. I __13__ the youngsters and gave them the tennis balls. I got them to throw the balls onto the racket __14__ throwing rocks at me. They seemed to __15__ that. Then an older boy got interested. He joined the game. __16__ he seemed a bit more coordinated(協(xié)調(diào)的) than the youngsters, I gave him a racket and got him to try to hit the ball onto the catching racket. Soon, his bus arrived, and he was on his __17__. But the clinic had just __18__. Families from across the street came over and wanted their tennis lesson, too. The bus terminal attendant __19__ her post and came out for a lesson, too. In what seemed like no __20__， my bus arrived. Clayton and I made it back to Panama City in time for our connecting flights. 1. A. unless B．but C. because D．so 2. A. guilty B．blessed C. known D．ready 3. A. rode B．drove C. walked D．flew 4. A. hiking B．tennis C. boarding D．swimming 5. A. relaxed B．stopped C. arrived D．united 6. A. admiring B．expecting C. watching D．surfing 7. A. shopping B．field C. return D．business 8. A. cutting B．breaking C. beating D．calming 9. A. station B．shade C. seat D．entrance 10. A. camp B．car C. office D．house 11. A. rackets B．balls C. sticks D．rocks 12. A. bag B．pocket C. can D．suitcase 13. A. approached B．blamed C. passed D．pushed 14. A. except for B．instead of C. by means of D．in case of 15. A. enjoy B．dislike C. worry D．understand 16. A. If B．As C. Though D．After 17. A. side B．phone C. way D．trip 18. A. faded B．changed C. finished D．started 19. A. left B．cleaned C. searched D．protected 20. A. time B．effort C. problem D．opinion 答案： 【語篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。身為網(wǎng)球教練的作者休假完畢返程時遇到汽車延誤，在烈日下等車時還被周邊的孩子扔石頭，作者靈機一動拿出自己的網(wǎng)球給孩子們，在等車的間隙給他們上了一堂網(wǎng)球課。 1. B　解析：wonderful與hard work之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 2. D　解析：由下文的I had planned a surfing outing at a surf camp in Panama with my friend Clayton可知，作者“準備(ready)”去休假。 3. D　解析：由本文的Clayton and I made it back to Panama City in time for our connecting flights可知，作者是“坐飛機(flew)”到的Panama City. 4. B　解析：由下文作者拿出網(wǎng)球和球拍教孩子們打球的內(nèi)容可知，作者帶了自己的“網(wǎng)球(tennis)”裝備。 5. C　解析：由The camp was perfect. The rooms were ideal可知，作者“到了(arrived)”營地。 6. D　解析：由上文的I had planned a surfing outing at a surf camp可知，作者在此“沖(surfing)”浪。 7. C　解析：由we learned that our bus back to Panama City可知，這里說的是作者“返程(return trip)”中的事情。 8. C　9. B 10. C　解析：由下文的As I walked over to the shaded area可知，這里是說烈日“襲向(beating down on)”作者，唯一的“陰涼處(shade)”在汽車終點站工作人員“辦公室(office)”的旁邊。 11. D　解析：下文的throwing rocks at me是提示。 12. A　解析：上文的my tennis bag是提示。 13. A　解析：由gave them the tennis balls可知，作者“走向(approached)”年輕人。 14. B　解析：作者讓那些年輕人朝球拍扔球“而不要(instead of)”朝自己扔石頭。 15. A　解析：由下文提到的越來越多的人開始加入的事實可知，這些年輕人“喜歡(enjoy)”網(wǎng)球。 16. B　解析：“因為(As)”這個大點的男孩協(xié)調(diào)性好，所以作者給了他一個球拍打球。 17. C　解析：由his bus arrived可知，他要上“路(way)”了。 18. D　解析：由Families from across the street came over and wanted their tennis lesson, too. The bus terminal attendant可知，這次網(wǎng)球聚會才剛剛“開始(started)”。 19. A　解析：由came out for a lesson可知，車站的工作人員“離開了(left)”自己的崗位。 20. A　解析：在等車的間隙教別人打網(wǎng)球，“時間過得很快(In what seemed like no time)”。 Ⅳ.語法填空 (xx哈爾濱第三中學(xué)?？? David and Jack are talking about cyber relationships in their dorm. David: Jack, you spend a lot of time on the Internet every day. What do you most frequently use it for? Jack: I usually surf __1__ net, read news and anything I am interested in, check emails or chat with other people. Sometimes I order online too. Maybe I can find a girlfriend online like a fairy tale. David: Well, I see. Thats __2__ you are so stuck to it. Jack: I know dozens of websites provide dating service. Curiosity and the need for panionship make them a sure－fire business. I remend that you __3__(try) Baihe. David: To be __4__， I really cant understand how __5__ people depend on that way to make friends. Its kind of risky. Jack: Yes, but its also one of the easiest and fastest ways to meet new people. David: Sounds good. But it is full of traps on the Internet, and some people have really __6__ (please) experience about online dating. Jack: Its true, __7__ some people did find their better－h(huán)alf through online dating. David: __8__， I wont try that way to make my girlfriend. Jack: Dont be so sure. If you happen __9__(meet) a girl online who is intelligent, kind, honest, and you get a good feeling of her, wont you have the desire to get to know her __10__ person? David: I wont have such a chance in the first place, for I never enter the chat room. Jack: Maybe one mans meat is anothers poison. David: Thats right. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1. the　2. why　3. (should) try　4. honest/frank 5. e　6. unpleasant　7. but　8. Anyway 9. to meet　10. in