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2019-2020年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Unit 3 A day out復(fù)習(xí)講義 譯林牛津版 一、重點(diǎn)詞匯 1. in the beginning/at the beginning of 基本含義 用法辨析 in the beginning “起初；開始” 通常單獨(dú)用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，而較少跟of短語(yǔ)連用 at the beginning of “在…開頭/起初” 后接名詞，并和名詞一起作狀語(yǔ) 【小試牛刀】 1. _____________________ this century, a great many Europeans went to live in the USA. 2. _____________________, he wasnt interested in it. 2. real/true 基本含義 用法辨析 real “真的” 暗指某事物是真實(shí)的或貨真價(jià)實(shí)的，或指看上去或宣稱與事實(shí)吻合的東西 true “真實(shí)的” 暗指與事實(shí)、現(xiàn)實(shí)或事物的真實(shí)狀態(tài)相一致 【小試牛刀】 1. Don’t lose the necklace. It’s made of______________gold. 2. It is______________that you are going to America on business. 3. In his novel, there are several______________persons who are still alive now. 3. scene /scenery/sight/view 基本含義 用法辨析 scene “場(chǎng)景” 指展現(xiàn)在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活動(dòng)在內(nèi) scenery “風(fēng)景” 指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色 sight “視覺” 既可以指場(chǎng)景、眼前看到的景觀；其復(fù)數(shù)形式指名勝、風(fēng)景 view “風(fēng)景” 常指從遠(yuǎn)處或高處看到的scenery的一部分，有時(shí)可與scene互換 【小試牛刀】 1. The______________after the earthquake was horrible 2. We passed through some beautiful______________on our journey through the Lake District. 3. The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking______________in the world. 4. You’ll get a fine______________of the town from the top of the hill. 4. instead/instead of 基本含義 用法辨析 instead “代替；頂替” 常用在句末，說明被代替的人或事物 instead of “代替；而不是” 后面必須加上所被代替的人或事 【小試牛刀】 1. We’llhaveteainthegarden_____________inthehouse. 2. We won’thaveteainthehouse. We’llhaveteainthegarden_____________. 3. LastsummerIwenttoQingdao.ThissummerImgoingtoDalian_____________. 二、語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥 1. 并列句 (1) 概念 　 兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句用并列連詞連在一起構(gòu)成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“簡(jiǎn)單句+并列連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句”。并列連詞有：and, but, or, so等.并列句中的各簡(jiǎn)單句意義同等重要，相互之間沒有從屬關(guān)系，是平行并列的關(guān)系。它們之間用連詞連結(jié)?！±纾? 　Hurry up or youll be late. (快點(diǎn)，否則你要遲到了。) (2) 分類 ① 表并列關(guān)系：由and, both...and, as well as, not only...but (also), neither...nor等連接。 　　 She not only sings but also dances. ② 表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：與but, however (然而), while (然而), still, yet等連接。 　　 The film is not perfect, still, it’s good. ③ 表選擇關(guān)系：由or, either...or..., not...but..., or else (否則)等連接。 　　 Take the chance, or else you will regret(后悔) it. ④ 表因果關(guān)系：與for, so/so that, therefore (因此)等連接。 　　 I’d better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain. 2. 動(dòng)詞不定式 (1) 概念 動(dòng)詞不定式是由“to＋動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞不定式是一種非限定性動(dòng)詞，在句中不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)。（非限定性動(dòng)詞可分為不定式，動(dòng)名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，他們?cè)诰渲胁荒軉为?dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)。）動(dòng)詞不定式相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞或副詞，在句中可以作句子除謂語(yǔ)之外的任何句子成分。 (2) 句型 ① 主語(yǔ) + vt. (及物動(dòng)詞) + to-v (動(dòng)詞不定式) want, decide, wish, hope, choose, refuse, would like, expect, … He decided to go there himself. 他決定親自去那兒。 ② 主語(yǔ)+ vt. (及物動(dòng)詞) + to-v (動(dòng)詞不定式) stop, go on, remember, forget, start, begin, … Please remember to bring the book to school next time.請(qǐng)記住下次把書帶到學(xué)校來。 ③ 主語(yǔ) + vt.(及物動(dòng)詞) +it + adj.(形容詞) + to-v (動(dòng)詞不定式) find, think, make, feel, … The Internet makes it easy to get much new information in a short time. ④ 主語(yǔ)+ vt.(及物動(dòng)詞) +sb./sth.+ (not) + to-v (動(dòng)詞不定式) get, allow, encourage, beg, wait for, warn, ask, want, would like, tell, prefer, wish, expect, invite, … It’s raining hard now. Let’s wait for the rain to stop. 雨下得很大，讓我們等雨停下來。 ⑤ 主語(yǔ)+ vt.(及物動(dòng)詞) +sb./sth.+ (not) + v (動(dòng)詞原形) feel, listen to, hear, let, make, have, see, watch, look at, notice, … The workers was made to work twelve hours a day. 工人們被迫每天工作十二小時(shí)。 ⑥ 主語(yǔ)+ vt.(及物動(dòng)詞) +sb./sth.+ 疑問詞 + to-v (動(dòng)詞不定式) teach, show, know, … I don’t know whether to go there. 我不知道是否去那兒。 【小試牛刀】 1. It takes about two hours ________ (get) to the station. 2. I’m very glad ________ (hear) from you again. 3. John’s wish is ________ (bee) a writer in the future. 4. There are thirteen lessons for the students ________ (learn) this term. 3. 反身代詞 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself/herself/itself themselves 三、交際用語(yǔ) 如何提建議 ① Shall we…? ② Why don’t we…? Why not…? ③ Let’s…. ④ What/How about…? 牛津英語(yǔ)8A Unit 3 短語(yǔ)匯總 序號(hào) Chinese English 1 外出一天 a day out 2 爬山 climb the hill / mountain 3 需要鍛煉 need to exercise 4 保持健康 keep fit / healthy 5 乘船進(jìn)行一次旅行 take a boat trip = have a trip by boat 6 在河邊 by the river 7 美國(guó)總統(tǒng)//白宮 the President of the USA //the White House 8 收拾我的行李 pack my bags 9 一次去……(地方)的旅行 a trip to ….. 10 世界公園 the World Park 11 參加……活動(dòng) join in ……（主要用于小型活動(dòng)） = take part in……(主要用于大型活動(dòng)) 12 起初；在開始//最后 in the beginning = at first //in the end = at last = finally 13 在……的開始//在……的末尾 at the beginning of…// at the end of… 14 在學(xué)校大門口 at the school gate 15 感到惡心 feel sick 16 交通擁擠 a lot of / much / lots of traffic 17 上….車 (公共汽車，火車等) 下….車 get on ….. //get off ….. 18 到達(dá) arrive at / in = get to = reach 19 不再 not…any more = no more //not…any longer = no longer 20 名勝古跡 places of (great) interest a place of (great) interest 21 遍及全世界 all over the world 22 歌舞游行 a song and dance parade 23 自學(xué)某事 teach oneself sth. = learn sth. by oneself 24 制作主頁(yè) make a home page 25 制定……的清單 make a list of….. 26 由……制成（看出材料） be made of 由….制成（看不出材料） be made from 27 親自 for oneself = oneself 28 看一看…… take a look at = have a look at = look at… 29 回來//歸還 return = e/go back// return = give… back 30 欣賞精彩的北京京劇 enjoy wonderful Beijing opera 31 紅色楓葉 the red maple leaves 32 沿著湖慢慢的散步 walk slowly around the lake 33 感受老公園的美 feel the beauty of the old park 34 呆在家 stay at home = stay home 35 了解更多關(guān)于……. learn /know more about……. 36 在下半場(chǎng) in the second half 37 去騎馬 go horse riding 38 拍…….的照片 take photos of …… 39 有了你的支持/在你的支持下 with your support 40 每人10元 10 yuan per person 41 寫下，記下…. write …..down (代詞放中間) 42 為我們的隊(duì)喝彩 cheer for our team 43 舉行；發(fā)生 take place = happen 44 打進(jìn)決賽 go to the final = be in the final 45 暗自保守秘密 keep one’s secrets to oneself 46 奮力向巖石上爬 pull oneself up on the rocks 47 玩捉迷藏 play hide-and-seek 48 傷了自己 hurt oneself 49 給某人看某物 show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. 50 來吧，快點(diǎn), 加油 e on 51 在….前面（外部）// 在…..前部（內(nèi)部） in front of //in/at the front of 52 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地方旅行 travel from one place to another 53 常見的一些動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞不定式 plan to do sth./decide to do sth./agree to do sth. choose to do sth./prepare to do sth. want to do sth./hope to do sth./learn to do sth. 牛津英語(yǔ)8A Unit 3 基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練 一、重點(diǎn)詞組 1. 名勝 _____________ 2. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 _____________ 3. 在開始的時(shí)候 _____________ 4. 在學(xué)校門口 _____________ 5. 上車 _____________ 6. 大量的交通 _____________ 7. 在高速公路上 _____________ 8. 感到惡心 _____________ 9. 大部分的旅途 _____________ 10. 到達(dá) _____________ 11. 由……制造 _____________ 12. 下車 _____________ 13. 不再 _____________ 14. 過得愉快 _____________ 15. 在……的前面 _____________ 16. 發(fā)生；舉行 _____________ 17. 全世界 _____________ 18. 看起來像 _____________ 19. 參加跳舞 _____________ 20. 拍……的照片 _____________ 21. 在因特網(wǎng)上 _____________ 22. 自學(xué) _____________ 23. 制作主頁(yè) _____________ 24. 親自去看看 _____________ 二、句型結(jié)構(gòu) 1. It is made of metal and really tall. 區(qū)分be made of / be made from / be made in / be made by 1）這條連衣裙是用真絲做成的。The dress __________ silk. 2）紙張是由木材制成的。Paper __________ wood. 3）那塊手表是中國(guó)制造的。The watch ________ China. 4）這些小轎車是他們生產(chǎn)的。The cars _________ them. 2. We just wanted to go into the park and enjoy ourselves. enjoy oneself = have a good time 1) 所有的學(xué)生上個(gè)禮拜六過得都很愉快。 All the students ____________/__________ last Saturday. 3. The whole world was there in front of us! 區(qū)分in front of / in the front of 1) 教室里有一張講臺(tái)，它在教室的前面。 There’s a teacher’s desk in the classroom, it is ________ it. 2）這幢房子前面有許多樹。There are many trees ________ the house. 三、難點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法 1. 使用 and / but / or 1) 他又高又瘦。 He is tall ______ thin. 2）我弟弟雖然年紀(jì)小，但卻懂很多。My brother is young _____he knows a lot. 3）你是騎自行車上班還是坐公交車上班？Do you go to work by bike ______ by bus? 2. 動(dòng)詞不定式 (做賓語(yǔ)) 1)計(jì)劃做某事________2）決定做某事________3）想做某事________ 4)希望做某事________5）學(xué)做某事__________6）同意做某事_______ 3. 反身代詞 共有八個(gè)反身代詞，它們是：myself, ______, himself, ______, itself, ______, yourselves, ______. 1）照顧自己 _________________ 2）自言自語(yǔ) _________________ 3）自學(xué) _________________ 4）玩得很高興 _________________