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簡(jiǎn)單句 It is more than three years since began to study English.At first,I found it quite difficult .I couldn`t pronounce well,spell the words correctly,or remember the rules of grammar.With the help of my teachers and classmates,I had made much progress.Now I`m going well with my English. Three years study has taught me that one can`t study English well without hard work.We must do more listening and speaking,both in and out of class,and do more reading and writing as well.That is “Practice makes perfect”. 講義綱要：1、本講課程主要涉及祈使句和感嘆句的相關(guān)知識(shí)及考點(diǎn)； 2、教學(xué)任務(wù)：掌握初中階段祈使句和感嘆句的考點(diǎn)知識(shí)。 知識(shí)概況：1、祈使句的含義：用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。 祈使句對(duì)象（主語）是第二人稱。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末則使用感 嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)來表示結(jié)束。 2、 知識(shí)站點(diǎn)： 初中英語知識(shí)考點(diǎn)一覽表 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 句子結(jié)構(gòu) 時(shí)態(tài) 語態(tài) 名詞 冠詞 代詞 形副 介詞 數(shù)詞 連詞 非謂語動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 賓語從句 定語從句 簡(jiǎn)單句 情景交際 知識(shí)精講： 一、祈使句 祈使句的含義：用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。 祈使句對(duì)象（主語）是第二人稱。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末則使用感 嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)來表示結(jié)束。 祈使句的用法 分類 肯定祈使句 否定祈使句 Do型 動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分 Please have a seat here Don’t open your eyes 請(qǐng)這邊坐。 不要睜開你的眼睛! Go this way. Don’t stand up! 這邊走。 別站起來！ Be型 Be動(dòng)詞+其他成分 Be careful! 認(rèn)真一些！ Don’t be silly! 別傻了 二、 高頻考向二　感嘆句 用來表示說話人強(qiáng)烈的喜、怒、哀、樂等感情的句子，叫感嘆句。感嘆句由what或how引導(dǎo)，具體用法如 （一）What: 在使用過程中，常用的句型有： 1．What + a / an +adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語+其他成分！ 例如: What a strong boy he is! 　 他是多么壯的一個(gè)小伙子??！ What an honest girl Mary is!　　瑪麗是一個(gè)多么誠(chéng)實(shí)的小女孩??！ 2．What +adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語+謂語+其他成分！ 例如: What brave soldiers they are!　　 這些士兵們真勇敢?。? What fine weather it is today! 今天的天氣真不錯(cuò)?。? 3．What +adj.+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語+其他成分！ 例如: What good news (it is)! （二）How:在使用過程中，常用的句型有： 1．How + adj.+ a / an +名詞+主語+謂語+其他成分！ 例如: How exciting a football match it is! 多么振奮人心的一場(chǎng)球賽啊！ How kind an old man he is! 他是一位多么善良的老人??！ 2．How + adj./adv.+ 主語+謂語+其他成分！ 例如: How tall Yao Ming is! 姚明真高??！ How fast the dragonfly flies! 蜻蜓飛得真快??！ 3． How + 主語+謂語！ 例如： How time flies! （3） 一些特殊形式 1. 在陳述句、祈使句、或疑問句句尾加感嘆號(hào)變成感嘆句，表示某種強(qiáng)烈的感情！ He eats so much! Do read it carefully! 2. 用一個(gè)詞或詞組表示強(qiáng)烈的感情的句子也是感嘆句。 Great! Wonderful! Look out! 二、感嘆句中應(yīng)注意的問題 1. What在感嘆句中作定語，用于修飾名詞，名詞前可有形容詞或冠詞； How在感嘆句中作狀語，用于修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或句子。 例如： What a foolish boy he is! = How foolish a boy he is! 2. 感嘆句中的主語、謂語通?？梢允÷浴? 例如： What a nice girl ( she is ) ! How handsome ( he is ) ! 3. What感嘆句中可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前一般為不定冠詞a/an，而不用the。轉(zhuǎn)換成how感嘆句是，該名詞前一般用定冠詞the，以表示特指。 例如： What a big fish it is! = How big the fish is! What dear meat it is! = How dear the meat is! 隨堂訓(xùn)練： 選擇題 一、祈使句 （ ）1、That knife is extremely sharp! you dont cut yourself． A．Mind B．Minding C．To mind D．Minded （ ）2、All of you at the school gate! Well soon start． A．will gather B．gather C．will be gathering D．a(chǎn)re gathering （ ）3． smiling and one day life will get tired of upsetting you． A．To keep B．Keeping C．Keep D．Having kept （ ）4．Every time at the door before you enter my room，please． A．knocked B．knocking C．knock D．to knock （ ）5．Cindy， to be here at 8 o’clock． A． is sure B．is sure that C．will be sure D．be sure 二、感嘆句 （ ）1．— Look at the photo I took in Jinghong, Yunnan Province. _______ the Dai people were having! — Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival. A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun （ ）2．— Look at the photo, Yunnan Province. the Dai people were having! — Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival. A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun （ ）3． ______ fine weather it is today! A. What a B. How a C. What D. How （ ）4．---____ enjoyable day it is！Shall we go on a picnic? ----Good idea. A. How B. What C. What a D. What an （ ）5． water it is! A.What a clean B.What clean C.How clean D. How clean a （ ）6．________ fine weather today! Why not go out for a walk? A. How B. How a C. What D. What a （ ）7． it was yesterday because of the storm! A. What a bad weather B. What bad weather C. How bad a weather D. How bad weather （ ）8．一Look! That teacher is explaining something to her students again and again! 一_______teacher she is! A. How patient B. What patient C. How a patient D. What a patient （ ）9． _______ dangerous the animals are！ A. What a B. What C. How a D. How （ ）10．_______ great fun it is to fly in a saloon ! A. What B. What a C. How a D. How （ ）11．—I hear they took ____ active part in the school sports meeting. —_____ good boys they are! A.a; What a B. an; How C. an; What D. How a （ ）12． hard Tony is working! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a （ ）13．_______ dangerous the animals are！ A. What a B. What C. How a D. How （ ）14． _____ day it is! -Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine. A. How windy B. How wet C. What a lovely D. What a rainy （ ）15．—_______ brave Zhang Hua is!—Yes. He helped his neighbour, Mrs. Sun out of the fire. A.What a B. How a C. How D. What （ ）16． ____great progress you have made! Your mother must be satisfied with you . A. What a B. What C.How a D. How. （ ）17．— Look at the photo I took in Yunnan Province. ______ the Dai people were having! — Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival. A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun （ ）18．_____beautiful the flowers are! A.What B.What a C.How D. .How a （ ）19．—— Hurry up! It’s time to leave. —— Ok, _______. A. I’m coming B. I’ll come C. I come D.I have been coming （ ）20．—______ city Rio de Janeiro in Brazil is！ —Yes. The 3lst Olympic Games will be held there. A. How lively B. What busy C. How a big D. What a beautiful （ ）21．--- nice weather it is today! --- Yes, shall we go walking in the park this afternoon? A .What an B. How C. What D. How an （ ）22．________ food youve cooked! A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice （ ）23．_______ beautiful house it is! A．What B．How C．What a D How a （ ）24．— Look at the photo I took in Chiang Mai, Yunnan Province. ____ the Dai people were having! — Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival. A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun （ ）25．_______ fine weather it is ! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a （ ）26．______ hard work you have done! -It’s ve ry kind of you to say so. A．What B．Who C．What a D．How a （ ）27． Dont give up, Tom. You havent realized ______ great progress youve made! A. what B. what a C. how D. how a （ ）28．“ ____________ you’ve made! But you should still work harder,” the teacher said to the boy. A. What great progress B. How a big mistake C. What a big mistake D. How great progress （ ）29．______ terrible world it would be if there were no electricity ! —Thats why we have to save it. A. What a B. How a C. What D. How （ ）30．----_________ great progress you’re made ! Congratulations ! ---- Thank you ! A．What B． What a C．How D. How 語音訓(xùn)正： 輔音/m/ /n/ /?/的例句 1. Many hands make light work. 眾人拾柴火焰高。 2. No pain, no gain. 不勞無獲。 3. Nothing brave, nothing have. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。