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第32課 狀語(yǔ)從句 課堂突破 概念 用來(lái)修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞的從句叫狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)其含義，狀語(yǔ)從句可分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、比較狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句和方式狀語(yǔ)從句。 分類 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如：It was raining hard when we got to school yesterday． 昨天我們到學(xué)校的時(shí)候，雨下得很大。 2. 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里，通常不用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，而用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York． 我一到紐約就給你打電話。 3. 在帶有till或until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含義是“一直到……時(shí)”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；如果主句用否定式，其含義是“直到……才……；在……以前不……”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用瞬間性動(dòng)詞。如： ①The young man read till the light went out． 這個(gè)年輕人看書一直到熄燈。 ②The young man didn’t go to bed until his mother came back. 這年輕人直到他媽媽回來(lái)才去睡覺。 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 1. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常由if， unless引導(dǎo)。如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? 如果明天下雪，我們?cè)撟鍪裁矗? 2. 在條件狀語(yǔ)從句里，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow． 如果我明天有空，我會(huì)幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的。 3. “祈使句+and（or）+陳述句”在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late． 快點(diǎn)，否則你會(huì)遲到的。 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 1. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句通常由because, since, as引導(dǎo)。如：He didn’t come to school because he was ill． 他沒來(lái)上學(xué)是因?yàn)樗×恕? 2. because表示直接原因，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的問(wèn)題，只能用because。as和since語(yǔ)氣較弱，一般用來(lái)表示明顯的原因。由as和since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句多放在句首。如：Since we have no money, we can’t buy it. 因?yàn)槲覀儧]錢，所以我們不能買這個(gè)。 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 1. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由so...that, such...that, so that引導(dǎo)。如：He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son． 他太窮以至于買不起一輛自行車給他兒子。 2. so...that與such...that可以互換。在由so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：...so+形容詞（副詞）+that從句。如：He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word． 他太高興以至于一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。 3. such與名詞連用，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：...such+（a/an）+形容詞+名詞+that從句。如：He is such a good boy that everyone likes him. 他是如此好的一個(gè)男孩以至于每個(gè)人都喜歡他。 比較狀語(yǔ)從句 比較狀語(yǔ)從句通常由as...as，比較級(jí)+than...等引導(dǎo)。如：Tom runs faster than John does. 湯姆比約翰跑得快。 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 1. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句通常由so that, in order that引導(dǎo)。如：We started early so that we could catch the first train. 我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)出發(fā)以便于趕上首班火車。 2. so that既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。區(qū)別這兩種從句的辦法有兩個(gè)：（1）目的狀語(yǔ)從句里往往帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, might等；（2）從意思上看，目的狀語(yǔ)從句往往表示的目的很明確。如： ①Speak clearly so that they may understand you. （目的狀語(yǔ)從句）講得清楚點(diǎn)以便于他們能聽懂你。 ②Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. （結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）杰克病得很嚴(yán)重以至于他不得不休息。 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 1. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句通常由although, though等連詞引導(dǎo)。如：Though he is young， he knows a lot． 盡管他還年輕，但他懂得很多。 2. although（though）和but不能用在同一個(gè)句子中。我們不能說(shuō)：Though it was raining hard， but he still went out．，應(yīng)該說(shuō)：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out. 盡管雨下得很大，他還是出去了。 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句常常由where, wherever, everywhere來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如： ①Go where you like. 去你喜歡的地方。 ②Wherever he goes, I will go. 不管他去哪里，我也會(huì)去。 方式狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞（詞組）有as, like, as though, as if, the way等。如： ①Leave the things as they are. 別動(dòng)那些東西。 ②I remember the whole thing, as if it happened yesterday. 我從頭至尾記著這件事，好像它是昨天發(fā)生的一樣。 當(dāng)堂檢測(cè) 一、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空。 1. （xx寧波）I was__________frightened that I ran fast. 2. —What are you going to do this weekend? —Well, we’ll clean up the city parks__________it rains. 3. —Many teenagers like junk food so much. —Yes,__________it’s bad for health. 4. They develop their skills__________they can do things better and better. 5. We have been good friends__________we joined the same ping-pong team. 二、用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞限用一次。（xx紹興市上虞區(qū)中考模擬） except knowledge comfortable harm your 1. He always lies on the sofa__________and watches TV. 2. The store is open every day__________on Sundays. 3. We are young adults full of energy and thirsty for . 4. Our bus is here and__________is over there, the red one. 5. Reading too much on the smartphone is__________to our eyes. 三、任務(wù)型閱讀。（xx湖州市吳興區(qū)中考模擬） 現(xiàn)如今智能手機(jī)上有很多實(shí)用的App軟件，方便人們生活需求。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下五個(gè)朋友的描述把App代號(hào)A—E填入1—5小題相應(yīng)空格處。 （ ）1. A girl named Alice comes to China for the first time. She wants to go to Shanghai by train. Now she wants to find out the latest train information. （ ）2. As a newcomer, Alice has no idea where Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station is. She wants to use the App to find her way quickly. （ ）3. On the train, Alice feels a little bored and then tries to listen to music for relaxing. So she takes out her phone and clicks the App to search for the music she likes. （ ）4. When she arrives at the station, she finds she has no money to pay the bill. So she takes out the phone to use the App to pay the bill. （ ）5. WeChat is a most popular App on the phone. Alice often uses it to communicate with friends whenever they are free. Meanwhile, she’d like to share what she did or likes online, too.  參考答案 當(dāng)堂檢測(cè) 一、1. so 2. unless 3. though 4. so that 【解析】句意為“他們拓展技能是為了能夠把事情做得越來(lái)越好”。后面的從句表示目的。 5. since 二、1. comfortably 2. except 3. knowledge 4. yours 5. harmful 三、1—5. ADECB