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課時(shí)10八年級（下）Units 3-4 Ⅰ.語法與情景對話 1.［xx襄陽］—Most of the wild animals are __________ because of their bad living environment. —So we must do something to save them. A. in need B. on duty C. at work D. in danger 2.［xx建設(shè)兵團(tuán)］The headmaster warns us __________ the school rules, or we’ll be punished. 　A. to break B. not to break C. breaking D.don’t break 3.He realized that Americans can hardly avoid __________ products made in China. A. to buy B.buy C.buying D.bought 4.Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your __________ , you must keep moving. A. Promise B. position C. balance D. ability 5.Our country is taking action to __________ air pollution. A. cut down B.cut up C.cut out D.cut off 6.Carelessness is one of the most common __________ of failure in the exam. A. results B.reasons C.reports D.roles 7.Though Hu Ge was hurt seriously in an accident, he was __________ enough to stand up again. A. honest B. famous C. handsome D. brave 8.You need to eat __________ meat than before. Your weight is increasing quickly. A. fewer B. more C. much D. less 9.There are a lot of __________ of bike riding.It’s good for the environment and it saves money. A. instructions B.instruments C.advantages D.products 10.Sunglasses can __________our eyes from the sun. A. protect B.stop C.receive D. search Ⅱ.完形填空 　The invention of world wide web（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)）changed the way we communicate and learn, even shop. It was 1 by Tim Berners-Lee from the United Kingdom. At that time, the Internet was mainly used by a 2 number of scientists and computer experts. It was impossible for common people to share information on the Internet. Berners-Lee wanted to change it. 　He developed an 3 way to create web pages（網(wǎng)頁）. He also set up ways to recognize and link those pages together. His 4 was to make it possible for anyone to post information and share it anywhere. The information age had come! 　 In the 1990s, the web developed into an international neighborhood where the Internet users could 5 share information in many forms—photos, 6 , videos and so on. 7 e-mail appeared, people stayed in touch by phone or by writing letters. People have more available ways to 8 with each other. More and more people choose to set up their own blogs（博客）to tell others more about 9 . Now the web is a place where people can share information. Students can also go online to 10 information that they can’t learn from the textbooks. 1.A. made B. discovered C. invented D.created 2.A. great B. small C. large D.short 3.A. easy B.difficult C.old D.new 4.A. reason B.goal C.suggestion D.rule 5.A. hardly B.usually C.easily D.exactly 6.A. sound B.noise C.pronunciation D.book 7.A. Before B.After C.While D.When 8.A. learn B.communicate C.help D.see 9.A. myself B.yourself C.themselves D.himself 10.A. look after B.look up C.look like D.look through Ⅲ.閱讀理解 閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容判斷文后各個(gè)小題的正誤。正確的選A，錯(cuò)誤的選B。 　 Is your family interested in keeping a dog? A dog can be a good friend to your family, but if you choose the wrong kind of dog, it can cause you a lot of trouble. 　 Family should sit down and discuss the problems before keeping a dog. Even if the children in your family are the ones who want the dog, the parents are the ones who are really responsible for seeing that the animal is properly cared for. If you don’t know much about the dog, it’s a good idea to go to the library for books about different kinds of dogs, as well as books about how to train a young dog. Dogs of different kinds change in popularity, as the years go by. One of the most popular dogs these days is German Shepherd（牧羊犬）. This is because it provides protection. The family should be warned that these dogs grow up to be very big, and may be too powerful for children. If your house is not big, a toy dog may be a good choice. These dogs are very small and easy to train. They don’t need to be walked every day. 1.According to the passage, parents should take care of the dogs. 2.The writer suggests one can get information about the different kinds of dogs from the books. 3.The toy dog is a good choice if your children are young. 4.German Shepherd is children’s gentle friend. 5.The passage is mainly about how to take care of dogs. Ⅳ.任務(wù)型完形填空［xx溫州改編］ like， divide， hardly， bring， while，we， kill， dish， wrong， people 　　Why are some animals pets and others lunch？ 　　In some countries, dogs and cats are commonly considered as pets, 1. __________ chickens, ducks, and pigs are food. However, in some other countries dogs and cats are food, and the food animals are pets. 　　People 2. __________ animals into several kinds to their own needs. For example, you may have friends who keep rabbits as pets. Some people cook rabbits as 3. __________. People treat a rabbit as a pet because it 4. __________ them pleasure. They eat it, for they think it is a kind of meat. They kill it because they believe it is harmful to plants or 5. __________. 　　People also treat animals differently based on their own cultures. Most of 6. __________ have dogs as pets. Dogs live in our house, 7. __________ a member of the family. However, in some cultures, dogs are considered unclean. People 8. __________ ever keep them as pets. In some parts of Southeast Asia, dogs are on the menu. Millions of dogs are 9. __________ every year. What’s right and 10. __________ in the way we treat animals? Ⅴ.任務(wù)型閱讀理解 ①different, kangaroos, there, are, of, kinds, 47(.)The smallest are about a quarter of a meter long; the biggest are taller than a man. Kangaroos have very long strong legs. These are used for jumping. ②They also have strong tails used for resting on. Kangaroos’ front legs are much shorter, and are almost like arms. ③Kangaroos’ heads are quite small, but their ears are quite large. 　　Mother kangaroos have a pocket at the front. They have one baby each year. When it is born, the baby kangaroo goes straight into its mother’s pocket. The baby kangaroo stays there for six months. 　　The biggest kangaroos stand more than 2 meters tall, and their back legs are so strong that they can jump more than 9 meters. They are very fast, and can travel at more than 50 kilometers an hour. They are very strong, but only eat fruit, leaves and grass. 1.將文中①處畫線內(nèi)容連詞成句。（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號已在括號內(nèi)給出） ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.文中②處“resting on”means“relying on”. Do you think so? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.將文中③處畫線句子翻譯成漢語。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.How often does a kangaroo have a baby? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.What do kangaroos eat? ________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅵ.書面表達(dá) 隨著網(wǎng)購日趨流行。越來越多的人熟悉和喜歡網(wǎng)購，但網(wǎng)購有利有弊，請你寫一篇英語短文，談?wù)勂淅?，并表達(dá)自己的看法。 參考詞匯：on the Internet; a great deal of; be able to; concentrate on 要求：1.參考提示語，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 2.語句通順，意思連貫，書寫工整； 3.文中不得出現(xiàn)任何真實(shí)信息（姓名、校名和地名等）； 4.詞數(shù)：80詞左右。（開頭已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。） Online Shopping Nowadays shopping on the Internet has been a fashion especially among the youngsters. _____________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.語法與情景對話 1.D【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意為“由于惡劣的生存環(huán)境，大多數(shù)野生動(dòng)物都________。”“所以我們必須做些事情來拯救它們?！眎n need 短缺，需求； on duty值班，值日； at work在工作中，上班；in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中。根據(jù)后者所說的“to save them”可知野生動(dòng)物處于危險(xiǎn)之中。故選D。 2.B【解析】考查不定式。句意：校長警告我們________學(xué)校規(guī)定，否則我們會(huì)被懲罰。warn sb. （not） to do sth.意為“警告某人（不要）做某事”；由語境可知是“不要違反學(xué)校規(guī)定”。故選B。 3. C【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：他意識(shí)到美國人幾乎不能避免購買中國制造的產(chǎn)品。avoid doing sth.意為“避免做某事”，故選C。 4.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：生活就像騎自行車。為了保持你的________，你必須不斷前行。promise諾言；position位置，地位；balance平衡；ability能力。此處表示“為保持平衡，必須往前移動(dòng)”。故選C。 5.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我們國家正在采取措施來________空氣污染。cut down減少，把……砍倒；cut up切碎；cut out割去，刪去；cut off切斷，中斷。根據(jù)句意可知此處表達(dá)“減少”污染，故選A。 6.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：粗心是在考試中失利的最常見的原因之一。results結(jié)果；reasons原因；reports報(bào)告；roles角色。故選B。 7.D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然胡歌在事故中受傷很嚴(yán)重，但是他足夠________再次站起來。 honest誠實(shí)的，famous著名的；handsome 英俊的；brave勇敢的。根據(jù)句意可知此處表達(dá)他足夠勇敢重新站起來，故選D。 8.D【解析】考查形容詞的比較等級。句意：你需要吃比以前________肉。你的體重增長地很快。根據(jù)后句可知此處表達(dá)你需要比以前少吃一些肉。故選D。 9.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：騎自行車有許多________。它對環(huán)境有好處，也省錢。根據(jù)后句中的good可知此處表述的是騎自行車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。instructions說明；instruments樂器；advantages優(yōu)點(diǎn)；products產(chǎn)品。故選C。 10.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：太陽鏡能保護(hù)我們的眼睛不受太陽的刺射。protect保護(hù)；stop停止；receive接受；search尋找。故選A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文中主要講述了英國發(fā)明家Tim Berners-Lee發(fā)明互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并制作出網(wǎng)頁，最后發(fā)明了電子郵件的故事，這些發(fā)明使人們的生活更加方便。 1.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它是由英國的Tim Berners-Lee________。made做；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；invented發(fā)明；created創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)第一句“The invention of world wide web（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)）changed the way we communicate and learn, even shop.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)明改變了我們的交流、學(xué)習(xí)甚至購物的方式?！笨芍xC。 2.B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那時(shí)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)只被________科學(xué)家和電腦專家所使用。great很好的；small小的；large大的；short短的。根據(jù)后句“It was impossible for common people to share information on the Internet.對于普通人來說在網(wǎng)上分享一些信息是不可能的。”可知那時(shí)只有一少部分的人使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。故選B。 3.A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他發(fā)展了一種________方法來制作網(wǎng)頁。easy簡單的；difficult困難的；old老的；new新的。根據(jù)空前的an可判斷B、D兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，分析句意可知應(yīng)是一種很容易的方法。故選A。 4.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的________是使任何人在任何地方發(fā)布信息并分享它成為可能。reason原因；goal目標(biāo)；suggestion建議；rule規(guī)則。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“BernersLee wanted to change it.”可知這里應(yīng)填名詞goal。故選B。 5.C【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在20世紀(jì)90年代，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展成為一個(gè)國際社區(qū)，用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的人能以不同的形式________分享他們的信息……。hardly幾乎不；usually通常地；easily容易地；exactly精確地。根據(jù)常識(shí)我們知道互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)明使人們的生活更加方便，而且很容易地就得到信息。故選C。 6.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在20世紀(jì)90年代，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展成為一個(gè)國際社區(qū)，用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的人能以不同的形式很容易地分享他們的信息——照片，________，錄像等。sound聲音；noise噪音；pronunciation發(fā)音；book書。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知sound與photos, videos對應(yīng)，其他三個(gè)都不符合。故選A。 7.A【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：在電子郵件出現(xiàn)________，人們通過打電話或?qū)懶艁肀３致?lián)系。Before在……之前；After在……之后；While當(dāng)……時(shí)候；When當(dāng)……的時(shí)候。根據(jù)常識(shí)我們知道電子郵件出現(xiàn)在電話或信件之后。故選A。 8.B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們相互之間更加方便________了。learn學(xué)習(xí)；communication交流；help幫助；see看見。communicate with sb.與某人交流，為固定搭配。故選B。 9.C【解析】考查反身代詞詞義辨析。句意：越來越多的人選擇建立他們自己的博客來告訴別人關(guān)于________。myself我自己；yourself你自己；themselves他們自己；himself他自己。根據(jù)此句的主語“More and more people”可知指的是他們。故選C。 10.B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：學(xué)生也可以上網(wǎng)來________他們在課本上學(xué)不到的信息。look after照顧；look up（在字典或網(wǎng)上）查閱；look like看起來像……；look through瀏覽。根據(jù)空后課本上學(xué)不到的信息可知可以上網(wǎng)查閱。故選B。 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明了在決定養(yǎng)狗之前，應(yīng)該有目的地進(jìn)行選擇。不同的狗有不同的生活習(xí)性，要根據(jù)自己的需要來選擇不同類型的狗。 1.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)這篇文章，父母應(yīng)該照顧狗。根據(jù)文章第二段二句“Even if the children in your family are the ones who want the dog, the parents are the ones who are really responsible for seeing that the animal is properly cared for.”父母的責(zé)任在于挑選狗而不是照顧狗?？芍揪浔硎鲥e(cuò)誤。 2.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：作者建議人們能從書本中獲取不同種類狗的信息。由第二段第三句“If you don’t know much about the dog, it’s a good idea to go to the library for books about different kinds of dogs…”可知本句表述正確。 3.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果你的孩子還很年幼，玩具狗是一個(gè)很好的選擇。由最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“If your house is not big, a toy dog may be a good choice.當(dāng)你的房子不夠大時(shí)，玩具狗也許是一個(gè)很好的選擇?！笨赏浦揪浔硎鲥e(cuò)誤。 4.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：德國牧羊犬是孩子們溫柔的朋友。由最后一段第五、六句“One of the most popular dogs these days is German Shepherd（牧羊犬）. This is because it provides protection.”可推知：德國牧羊犬能夠保護(hù)孩子，說明它是很溫柔的朋友?？芍揪浔硎稣_。 5.B【解析】主旨大意題。題干意為：文章主要介紹了如何照顧狗。通讀全文可知本文主要介紹了如何區(qū)別不同類型的狗，而不是照顧狗?？芍揪浔硎鲥e(cuò)誤。 Ⅳ.任務(wù)型完形填空 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。描述了人們依照自己的喜好和習(xí)俗區(qū)別對待不同的動(dòng)物。但是我們究竟該如何對待動(dòng)物呢？ 1.while【解析】句意：在一些國家，狗和貓通常被看作是寵物，________雞，鴨和豬是食物?？仗帒?yīng)填一個(gè)連詞連接前后兩個(gè)分句，根據(jù)句意可知前后是對比關(guān)系，意為“然而”，結(jié)合所給備選詞匯可知填while。 2.divide【解析】句意：人們根據(jù)他們自己的需要把動(dòng)物________成幾類。divide …into…把……分成……，描述一種現(xiàn)象，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語People在此處為復(fù)數(shù)含義，故填動(dòng)詞原形divide。 3.dishes【解析】句意：一些人烹飪野兔作為________。根據(jù)句意及所給備選詞匯可知“dish飯菜”符合語境，根據(jù)Some people及rabbits可知此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填dishes。 4.brings【解析】句意：人們把野兔當(dāng)作寵物是因?yàn)樗黖_______他們快樂。根據(jù)句意及生活常識(shí)可知寵物會(huì)給主人帶來快樂，結(jié)合所給備選詞匯可知“bring帶來”符合語境，描述一種現(xiàn)象，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語it為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填動(dòng)詞單三形式brings。 5.people【解析】句意：他們殺死它因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為它對莊稼或________有害。根據(jù)句意及所給備選詞匯可知“people人”符合語境，故填people。 6.us【解析】句意：________大多數(shù)養(yǎng)狗作為寵物。結(jié)合語境及所給備選詞匯可知此處指我們中的大多數(shù)，of是介詞，后接代詞賓格，故填us。 7.like【解析】句意：狗住在我們家里，________家庭中的一員。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示像家庭成員中的一員，結(jié)合所給被選詞匯可知填like。 8.hardly【解析】句意：人們________養(yǎng)狗作為寵物。根據(jù)上一句“However, in some cultures, dogs are considered unclean.”可知他們幾乎不養(yǎng)狗作寵物，故填hardly。 9.killed 【解析】句意：每年成百萬只狗被________。根據(jù)上句中的“dogs are on the menu”并結(jié)合所給備選詞匯可知“kill殺死”符合語境，主語dogs與謂語動(dòng)詞kill之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，空前有are，故填kill的過去分詞形式killed。 10.wrong【解析】句意：我們用這種________方式對待動(dòng)物究竟是對還是？根據(jù)句意可推知此處是拋出一個(gè)問題，對待動(dòng)物的方式到底哪個(gè)是正確的，哪個(gè)又是錯(cuò)誤的？結(jié)合所給備選詞匯可知“wrong錯(cuò)誤的”符合語境。 Ⅴ.任務(wù)型閱讀理解 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了袋鼠的外形、繁殖和生活習(xí)性等特點(diǎn)。 1.There are 47 different kinds of kangaroos. 2.Yes,I do.【解析】題干意為：resting on的意思是relying on。resting on 依靠，relying on依靠，可知答案。 3.袋鼠頭很小，但它們的耳朵是相當(dāng)大的。 4.It has one baby each / every year.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：袋鼠多久生一次幼崽？由第二段第二句“They have one baby each year.”可知答案。 5.They eat fruit, leaves and grass.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：袋鼠吃什么？由最后一段最后一句“They are very strong, but only eat fruit, leaves and grass.”可知答案。 Ⅵ.書面表達(dá) Online Shopping 　　Nowadays shopping on the Internet has been a fashion especially among the youngsters. Online shopping has made our daily life more convenient and comfortable. It can save us a great deal of time, so we would be able to concentrate more time and energy on other things. Besides, we can even buy goods from other countries. 　　On the other hand, online shopping is less safe. What’s worse, the delivery will increase the risk of damage. In my opinion, more and more people will shop on the Internet. It will be much more popular in the future. And at the same time, we should take some measures to make it perfect.