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Unit 4 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(選修8　Unit 4) 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earth’s temperature，1.which in turn leads to climate change.Scientists hold the view that it could be one of the 2.biggest(big) problems 3.facing(face) the 21st century.Some of the scientists have reported that it is human beings that 4.are_causing(cause) changes in the Earth’s climate；for in the last 50 years，gases 5.pumped(pump) into the Earth’s atmosphere by the factories and vehicles have been speeding up the process of global warming.It seems that the link between human activities and 6.rising(rise) global temperatures is not 7.merely(mere) a coincidence according to some data.If we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge quantities，we are condemning life on Earth 8.and should expect severe consequences.After all，there’s no substitute 9.for our Earth，so each person should take action to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide together with the governments 10.to_save(save) the Earth. Ⅰ.閱讀理解 I am a volunteer teacher in our local middle school.Recently,while working with my excellent student,I wrote him a note regarding an assignment he needed to work on.“Here,”I said,“keep this with you so you don’t forget.” He took the piece of paper and stared at it for a moment before menting,“I can’t read this.”I wasn’t sure what he meant,so I examined the note.It was my best cursive(草書(shū)). It’s true,then.The news about schools no longer teaching handwriting.But I believe it is necessary for students to learn cursive. First,there continues to be a need to sign “hard copies”of documents.There is a sense of ceremony and a seriousness of purpose about the act of signing something.It calls to mind the signers of the Declaration of Independence.Just look at those signatures!John Hancock’s was so robust (遒勁的) and original that,more than 200 years later,it still serves as the logo (標(biāo)識(shí)) of a namesake (同名者) insurance pany.And why not?It is a work of art. Second,a great part of the history of the United States is recorded in handwritten documents,including personal letters.If one has not been taught to write in cursive,it is unlikely that one will be able to read it. Third,and perhaps most important,when one is trying to learn something,somewhere in the process there must be a slow step.Writing in longhand is a means of slowing down enough to be able to think deeply about what one is penning. In times of budgetary trial,schools often jettison music and art instruction but keep dangerous football.If cursive joins those victims from the curriculum,then it will be the loss of yet one more outlet (發(fā)泄途徑) through which students are able to say,“This is my mark.This is me.” I still remember in fifth grade,I once handed my finished work to Mrs.Shaw,my handwriting teacher.She looked at it,caught her breath,and said,“Oh,my.I think you’re going to be a writer someday.” Thank you,Mrs.Shaw,for seeing so much in my handwriting.I needed that push. 1.The author’s student 　　　. A.knew few words B.didn’t study hard C.had poor eyesight D.couldn’t read cursive 2.What do we know about John Hancock’s signature? A.It is hard to recognize. B.It is really appreciated. C.It is used illegally by a pany. D.It was discovered in a personal letter. 3.Which can best replace the underlined word “jettison”in Paragraph 7? A.Focus on.　　　　　　B.Get rid of. C.Depend on. D.Look down upon. 4.To the author,Mrs.Shaw’s words were 　　　. A.quite interesting B.really confusing C.very encouraging D.pretty disappointing In the dead of winter，we dont typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should.The sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good health—Vitamin D. This important vitamin strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease，cancer and many other lifethreatening diseases.The remended daily requirement is 400600 International Units(IU)．In summer，people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adequate amounts of Vitamin D. Even during winter，just a 10minute walk at midday can keep the bodys Vitamin D at healthy levels.During brief winter walks，we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible. Vitamin D can be also obtained from foods.Salmon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin.Egg yolks(蛋黃)，cheese，mushrooms and some animal organs contain smaller quantities of it. To attract consumers，food panies add Vitamin D to some of their milk products.The practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930s.At that time，many children were suffering from rickets，an illness that is caused by a deficiency (缺乏)of Vitamin D．It made the childrens bones soft and weak.Adding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem，and it has been available ever since. For people who still need more Vitamin D，there is another option：Take Vitamin D supplements(補(bǔ)充物)．These products are widely sold in stores.However，anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first. 1．During the winter months，people ________. A．a(chǎn)rent able to meet their deadlines B．often dont dress warmly enough C．generally like to remain indoors D．leave lots of work for others to do 2．According to the text，Vitamin D ________. A．can be obtained by being exposed to the sun B．can be used to cure lifethreatening diseases C．can be mainly found in some milk products D．can make the childrens bones soft and weak 3．Why is salmon mentioned in this article? A．Its seldom prepared in the correct way. B．Its a useful addition to a persons diet. C．It has a huge impact on the environment. D．Its advantages have been exaggerated. 4．The main purpose of this article is ________. A．to introduce a valuable nutrient B．to advertise Vitamin D supplements C．to note risks associated with a nutrient D．to explain how a nutrient was discovered 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇科普文，主要介紹了維生素D的一些情況。 1．C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“In the dead of winter，we dont typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should”可知，在冬天人們?cè)敢獯谑覂?nèi)。 2．A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段第二句以及第三段第一句可知，維生素D可以通過(guò)曬太陽(yáng)獲得，故選A。 3．B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段可知，三文魚(yú)是補(bǔ)充維生素D的食物，因此對(duì)我們的飲食是有用的補(bǔ)充物，故選B。 4．A　考查主旨大意。根據(jù)全文可知，本文主要介紹一種營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分——維生素D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 After an overnight trip to Sydney,I was heading home tired but happy.Stopping at a fruit market,I 　1　 a parking space and reversed (倒車(chē))in.But then I was being 　2　 by one of these pedestrians (行人) for almost running her 　3　 over.The girl was actually a teenager,who was 　4　 enough to possess her own mon sense.It is not the same as seeing a little kid running wild in a car park,where you would stop. After I 　5　,I walked up to the lady and asked her what else I could have done.　6　 she pointed out that I was heading into one car space but changed my 　7　,I told her honestly that I had never 　8　 the park in front and mentioned I had my reverse lights on. “So let’s just put it down to a misunderstanding,shall we?”I 　9　,rather than fight her anger with 　10　 or more anger.She said “Yes,let’s”,but showed me her angry face. An elderly couple nearby had seen it all and told me I had handled it 　11　 and that the angry woman was in the wrong.This offered some 　12　.While in the market,I thought about the 　13　.Had I responded to the lady in anger,then I would have ended up taking her poison on too.But by managing to stay 　14　,there was a totally different oute. Car parks in summer are never the most 　15　 places to be anyway.Fuses (導(dǎo)火線) run short due to the 　16　 and busyness.People lose 　17　 in crowds.But if we are able to consider other people 　18　 only thinking of ourselves,it saves adding any more fuel to the fire. The car park incident left me with 　19　 and self-love.It left the other people with anger. I know which I would 　20　. 1.A.made　　B.chose　　C.entered　　D.ordered 2.A.abused B.punished C.interrupted D.forced 3.A.son B.husband C.mother D.daughter 4.A.strong B.smart C.pretty D.old 5.A.rested B.noticed C.parked D.decided 6.A.When B.Before C.Unless D.Though 7.A.speed B.mind C.opinion D.position 8.A.cared about B.given up C.intended for D.heard of 9.A.begged B.mented C.suggested D.explained 10.A.sadness B.unkindness C.politeness D.friendliness 11.A.well B.quickly C.wrong D.easily 12.A.satisfaction B.fort C.protection D.advice 13.A.journey B.car C.incident D.market 14.A.excited B.awake C.curious D.calm 15.A.joyous B.clean C.safe D.beautiful 16.A.pressure B.noise C.pain D.heat 17.A.weight B.balance C.patience D.face 18.A.because of B.instead of C.in spite of D.in case of 19.A.peace B.confidence C.fortune D.success 20.A.allow B.offer C.demand D.prefer Ⅲ. 短文改錯(cuò) Dear Ms.Li, I’m very happy have you as our teacher.As the world is being a global village,English is getting more or more important,so mastering English means see the world through a new window.My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study is that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart,and that I often feel nervously when speaking English.I dare not speak English in front of the native speakers.I really hope that you can give me a good advice on what to memorize new words.Another suggestion is to give us more chance to practice speaking,for most of the classmates are good at spoken English.I believe we can make much progress in English under his help. Yours, Li Hua 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(選修8　Unit 4) Ⅰ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是議論文。文章論述了書(shū)法教育的重要性。 1.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“I can’t read this.”及“It was my best cursive.”可知,該學(xué)生不會(huì)讀草書(shū)。 2.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“John Hancock’s was so robust and original...It is a work of art.”可知,約翰漢考克的簽名得到了高度評(píng)價(jià),200多年后仍被一家同名保險(xiǎn)公司用做標(biāo)識(shí)。 3.B　詞義猜測(cè)題。由上下文可知,受預(yù)算的影響,學(xué)校常放棄音樂(lè)和藝術(shù)課,卻保留危險(xiǎn)的足球課。如果草書(shū)成為另外一個(gè)課程犧牲品,那對(duì)學(xué)生會(huì)是一大損失。故畫(huà)線詞的意思應(yīng)該是“放棄”。 4.C　推理判斷題。由最后一段“Thank you,Mrs.Shaw,for seeing so much in my handwriting.I needed that push.”可推斷,老師表?yè)P(yáng)作者的話令作者很受鼓舞。 Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。一次停車(chē)的經(jīng)歷讓作者意識(shí)到多為他人著想能給自己帶來(lái)心靈上的平靜。 1.B　根據(jù)第二段中的 I was heading into one car space,the park in front 可知,市場(chǎng)有很多停車(chē)位,作者“選擇了(choose)”其中一個(gè)停車(chē)。 2.A　參照第3題解析。 3.D　根據(jù)下句中的“The girl was actually a teenager...”可知,一位行人因?yàn)樽髡卟铧c(diǎn)撞到了自己的“女兒(daughter)”而“指責(zé)(abuse)”作者。 4.D　根據(jù)本空前的a teenager及下句內(nèi)容可知,與小孩子相比,青少年已經(jīng)足夠“大(old)”了,她應(yīng)該有看到車(chē)子躲避的常識(shí)。 5.C　根據(jù)上文中的a parking space and reversed in可知,這里指作者“停好車(chē)(park)”后。 6.A　根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容可知,“當(dāng)(when)”那位女士指出作者的錯(cuò)誤時(shí),作者為自己辯護(hù)。 7.B　根據(jù)but的轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)氣及作者為自己的辯護(hù)I had never...the park in front可知,那位女士認(rèn)為作者本來(lái)是向一個(gè)停車(chē)位開(kāi)去,但是又改變了“主意(mind)”,向另一個(gè)停車(chē)位開(kāi)去。 8.C　根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知,作者一開(kāi)始就選好了停車(chē)位,所以從來(lái)沒(méi)有“打算(intend for)”停在前面的一個(gè)停車(chē)位上。 9.C　參照第10題解析。 10.B　既然雙方已經(jīng)解釋清楚了,所以作者“建議(suggest)”就把這件事當(dāng)成一個(gè)誤會(huì),而不是因?yàn)閷?duì)方生氣,自己就“不客氣(unkindness)”或者更生氣。 11.A　根據(jù)本句中的the angry woman was in the wrong可知,一對(duì)老夫婦目睹了事件的全過(guò)程,他們認(rèn)為是那位女士的錯(cuò),由此可推測(cè),他們認(rèn)為作者把這件事情處理得“很好(well)”。 12.B　得到了別人的支持,作者應(yīng)該感到“安慰(fort)”。 13.C　根據(jù)本空后兩句內(nèi)容可知,作者在市場(chǎng)里想起了這件“事(incident)”。 14.D　根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容不難看出,作者并未與那位女士爭(zhēng)吵,全程都很“冷靜(calm)”。 15.A　參照第17題解析。 16.D　參照第17題解析。 17.C　根據(jù)本段開(kāi)頭的Car parks in summer及常識(shí)可知,夏天的停車(chē)場(chǎng)又“熱(heat)”又忙碌,絕不是什么“讓人快樂(lè)的(joyous)”的場(chǎng)所,人們很容易失去“耐心(patience)”。 18.B　本空前的consider other people和本空后的only thinking of ourselves是非此即彼的關(guān)系,故instead of(而不是)符合此處語(yǔ)境。 19.A　根據(jù)本空后的self-love可知,這次停車(chē)的經(jīng)歷讓作者得到了“平靜(peace)”和自愛(ài)。 20.D　通讀全文不難看出,在平靜、自愛(ài)與怒氣之間,作者“更喜歡(prefer)”前者。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) Dear Ms.Li, I’m very happy have you as our teacher.As the world is being a global village,English is getting more orand more important,so mastering English means seeseeing the world through a new window.My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study isare that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart,and that I often feel nervouslynervous when speaking English.I dare not speak English in front of the native speakers.I really hope that you can give me a good advice on whathow to memorize new words.Another suggestion is to give us more chancechances to practice speaking,for most of the classmates are good at spoken English.I believe we can make much progress in English under hisyour help. Yours, Li Hua