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Unit 3 一、詞匯復(fù)習(xí) （一）單句語法填空 根據(jù)語境，用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．It is ________(legal) to drive after drinking alcohol in most countries. 答案：illegal　句意：大多數(shù)國(guó)家，酒后開車違法。 2．________ (lead) advertisements are not allowed by law. 答案：Misleading　句意：法律不允許誤導(dǎo)的廣告。 3．It is ________(reasonable)to stick to this absurd proposal. 答案：unreasonable　句意：堅(jiān)持這種荒謬的建議是不合理的。 4．You must be ________(literate) if you have not heard of Shakespeare. 答案：illiterate　句意：如果你沒聽說過莎士比亞，那你一定是文盲的。 5．There exists the ________(balance) between the rich and poor countries. 答案：imbalance　句意：富國(guó)與窮國(guó)之間存在著不平衡。 （二）英漢互譯 1、Mark Twain__________ 1、 birthplace n. __________ 2、 △Florida n. __________ 3、 bring up__________ 4、 △Hannibal n. __________ 5、 △Missouri n. __________ 6、 △Mississippi n. __________ 7、 novel n adj. __________ 8、 △boyhood n. __________ 9、 adventure n. __________ 10、 △Tom Sawyer n. __________ 11、 △Huckleberry Finn__________ 12、 phrase n. __________ 13、 △fathom n. __________ 14、 author n. __________ 15、 △Samuel Langhorne Clemens__________ 16、 scene n. __________ 17、 △narrator n. __________ 18、 △Roderick n. __________ 19、 △Oliver n. __________ 20、 △bet n. vt. & vt. __________ 21、 △make a bet __________ 22、 △penniless adj. __________ 23、 wander vi. __________ 24、 pavement n. __________ 25、 businessman n. __________ 26、 permit vt. & vi. n. __________ 27、 ahead adv. __________ 28、 go ahead __________ 29、 by accident __________ 30、 bay n. __________ 31、 stare vi. __________ 32、 stare at __________ 33、 △nightfall n. __________ 34、 fault n. __________ 35、 spot vt. n. __________ 36、 passage n. __________ 37、 △unpaid adj. __________ 38、 account vi. & vt. n__________. 39、 account for __________ 40、 embassy n. __________ 41、 seek vt & vi.(sought, sought) __________ 42、 patience n. __________ 43、 contrary n.adj. __________ 44、 on the contrary __________ 45、 △charity n. __________ 46、 envelope n. __________ 47、 unbelievable adj. __________ 48、 △Horace n. __________ 49、 steak n. __________ 50、 pineapple n. __________ 51、 dessert n. __________ 52、 amount n. __________ 53、 take a chance __________ 54、 rude adj. __________ 55、 manner n. __________ 56、 scream vi. n. __________ 57、 genuine adj. __________ 58、 △issue vt. & vi. 發(fā)行__________ 59、 △fake n. __________ 60、 rag n. __________ 61、 in rags __________ 62、 indeed adv. __________ 63、 as for __________ 64、 bow vi. & n. __________ 65、 barber n. __________ 二、閱讀理解 A It’s an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My wife says no because we have no savings to save us. I say you only live once and we work hard and what’s the point if you can’t go on holiday. The joy of a recession (不景氣) means no argument next year — we just won’t go. Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov survey of 2,000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples. Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money may be different things to men and women. ＂People can say the same things about money but have different ideas of what it’s for, ＂ he explains. ＂They’ll say it’s to save, to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them.＂ He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they’ve achieved something. ＂The biggest problem is that couples assume each other know what’s going on with their finances, but they don’t. There seems to be more of a taboo (禁忌) about talking about money than about death. But you both need to know what you’re doing, who’s paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship, you don’t have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.＂ 1. What does the author say about going on holiday in Paragraph 1? A. It will cost them too much money. B. Few people can afford it without working hard. C. It makes all the hard work worthwhile. D. It is the chief cause of family quarrels. 2. According to the text, what does Kim Stephenson believe? A. Money is often a symbol of a person’s status. B. Money means a great deal to both men and women. C. Men and women spend money on different things. D. Men and women view money in different ways. 3. The author suggests that couples should________. A. put their money together instead of keeping it separately B. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship C. make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets D. avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic 【文章大意】文章通過度假的問題引入話題，男人和女人對(duì)錢的看法是不一樣的，夫妻應(yīng)該就錢的問題多進(jìn)行討論，這樣可以建立健康的關(guān)系。 1. C　【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句＂I say you only live once and we work hard and what’s the point if you can’t go on holiday.＂可知，我們的努力工作是值得去度假的，故選C。 3. B　【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句＂In a healthy relationship, you don’t have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.＂可知，作者認(rèn)為夫妻應(yīng)該就錢的問題多討論，這樣可以建立健康的關(guān)系，故選B。 B Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for women’s rights long before they became a popular issue. Susan was born on February 15, 1820, in Adams，Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote. At the age of 15, Susan became a schoolteacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings. After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the women’s suffrage movement. After years of lecturing, writing, and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming’s decision. It was not until 1920 that the U．S. Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights. Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86. She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950. She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了美國(guó)歷史上著名的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她努力為婦女爭(zhēng)取了財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)、投票權(quán)等權(quán)利。 1．What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born? A．They had low social status. B．They could vote after getting married. C．They managed money for their husbands. D．They were responsible for decisionmaking. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“At that time, women had few rights...Women could not vote”．可知，在那時(shí)，女性沒有什么權(quán)利，地位是低下的，故A項(xiàng)正確。B、C和D項(xiàng)均與此表述不符。 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．Susan’s teaching experiences. B．Susan’s educational background. C．Susan’s efforts to abolish slavery. D．Susan’s fighting for women’s causes. D　解析：段落大意題。通讀第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women.”可知，本段主要講述Susan Brownell Anthony為爭(zhēng)取女權(quán)而斗爭(zhēng)的情況，故D項(xiàng)正確。 3．What does the underlined word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to? A．Promoting the social movement. B．Changing the U．S. Constitution. C．Giving women voting rights. D．Uniting other areas and states. C　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美國(guó)一些地區(qū)修改了法律，給了婦女投票權(quán)；結(jié)合該段第三、四句可以判斷，畫線詞指代“給婦女投票權(quán)”這一決定，故C項(xiàng)正確。 4．What may be the best title for the text? A．The First American Woman to Invent Coins B．The Problem of Women’s Rights in the U．S. C．The Most Popular Women Organizations D．A Pioneer in Fighting for Women’s Rights D　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)歷史上著名的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她為婦女爭(zhēng)取了財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)、投票權(quán)等權(quán)利。據(jù)此可知D項(xiàng)最適合作文章標(biāo)題。 三、七選五 Everyone knows how important trees are to the wellbeing of the earth.__1__ By providing shade for people to enjoy time outside，trees can shade our homes to keep them cooler in the summertime.They can hide unsightly(不美觀的)views，reduce noise from nearby roads，and serve as windbreaks.Many types also produce flowers and fruit.These tall plants simply make our homes and neighborhoods more attractive. Choosing Trees __2__ Planting a tree is a longterm project.Large shade varieties，especially，take a long time to grow.And once planted，they are difficult to move.Trees can also be a significant financial investment，so its important to choose wisely. __3__ You may not have room to grow all the types you want to try.So take the time to choose a plant you like that also will grow well in the conditions you can provide.Trees vary widely in their need for space，light，and soil conditions. Care Once youve made a choice，youll need to prepare your site for planting.You may need to clear the area of other vegetation and improve the soil with organic matter such as fertilizer and nutrients.If you plant a tree yourself，carefully follow the instructions given by the nursery or read “How to Plant a Tree”．__4__ Providing proper care after its planted is also important.__5__ Feed regularly，water deeply，and prune(修剪) them carefully，so they bee strong and healthy.Mature plants usually dont need to be watered or fertilized. A．They also provide homes for wildlife. B．Your success depends on proper planting. C．Many yards have space for only a few large plants. D．Young plants should be babied for the first few years. E．They develop large root systems and can grow by themselves. F．When you are planting trees，its wise to plan your selections carefully. G．But do you know there are also many advantages of growing them in your own yard? 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了種樹的一些注意事項(xiàng)。 【段意梳理】 第一部分：總述樹的益處。 第二部分：要謹(jǐn)慎地選擇所種的樹。 第三部分：種好樹要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)恼樟稀? 1．G　空前講述的是樹對(duì)地球的重要性，空后講述的是樹給人們及其住所提供的諸多好處，前后意思上存在輕微的轉(zhuǎn)折；且下文主要講述的是如何自己種樹，故選項(xiàng)G與此處匹配。 2．F　該部分的主題為Choosing Trees，主要講述的是要謹(jǐn)慎地選擇所種的樹，故F項(xiàng)與此處匹配。下文中的“so its important to choose wisely”亦是提示。 3．C　根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，你可能沒有足夠的空間來種所有你想種的樹，所以要選擇能在你所能提供的條件中良好生長(zhǎng)的樹。空后內(nèi)容圍繞“空間”展開，故C項(xiàng)與此處匹配。 4．B　根據(jù)空前一句“If you plant a tree yourself, carefully follow the instructions given by the nursery or read‘How to Plant a Tree’”可知，自己種樹時(shí)遵循指南很重要，空處承接上文，故選項(xiàng)B與此處匹配。 5．D　空前一句講的是種好樹后適當(dāng)?shù)恼樟虾苤匾?，空后一句敘述了具體的照料方法，空處連接上下文；末句中的“Mature plants”與此處形成對(duì)比，由此可推斷空處講的是對(duì)未成熟的植株的照料需要花一段時(shí)間，故選項(xiàng)D與此處匹配。