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Unit 4 Pygmalion 一、閱讀理解。 Fans of the movie Finding Nemo may remember the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin at the bottom of a trench. But in reality this “monster”， a black seadevil， is only about 9 cm long， which would make it about a third of the size of Dory and potentially smaller than Marlin or Nemo. While this inaccuracy may seem harmless， it could cause problems for future conservation efforts， as people are more likely to support conservation of adorable rather than scarylooking animals. The black seadevil is just one of the mysterious “monsters”. From 2000 to 2010， scientists described about 1，200 new species in the Census of Marine Life. While this figure may seem astonishing， a further 5，000 individual dead creatures are in specimen（標(biāo)本） jars， waiting to be described. Specimens must be methodically collected， identified， and then the identity of new deepwater species must be confirmed. If we call unusual deepsea animals monsters， then we may harm their conservation as people are unlikely to be connected with them or care about saving them. On the other hand， their rarity clearly makes them popular on social media sites. For other species， this has already resulted in increases in illegal trading for unusual pets. Deepsea species may potentially bee illegally obtained specimens or food. Humans may end up eating these animals of the deep sea to extinction before their species are even known to science. Every habitat on earth is interconnected， and whatever we as humans do has an influence on marine ecosystems. In reality， about 80% of our oxygen is produced by microorganisms（微生物） in the oceans. This makes our oceans both the lungs and lifeblood of our planet and we must all try harder to save them. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要從電影里對(duì)深海物種的不準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)識(shí)，談到了保護(hù)深海物種的重要性。 1.What can we know about the black seadevil in reality？ A.People benefit greatly from the oxygen produced by it. B.Its body size is a big threat to fish like Dory and Nemo. C.Its scary appearance will cause problems for conservation. D.People didn’t know much about it when filming Finding Nemo. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin”并結(jié)合第二段的整體內(nèi)容可知，拍攝這部電影時(shí)，人們對(duì)這種物種了解很少，故選D。 2.What does the author think of the progress of describing new species？ A.Acceptable.　　　　　　 B．Surprising. C.Unsatisfying. D．Hopeless. C　解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句可推知，作者認(rèn)為科學(xué)家對(duì)海洋新物種的研究不能令人滿意，故選C。 3.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 7 probably refer to？ A.Their popularity on social media sites. B.Their rarity among sea creatures. C.Their conservation being harmed. D.Their importance being ignored. A　解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)第七段的第一句可推知，此處的this指代上文稀有物種在社交媒體網(wǎng)站上受青睞的狀況，故選A。 4.What can we infer about those unusual sea animals？ A.They are the lungs and lifeblood of our planet. B.Confirming their identity is very urgent for protection. C.Most of them are being illegally obtained specimens. D.Adorable ones are more likely to be posted on social media sites. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段可推知，科學(xué)地認(rèn)知稀有物種對(duì)于對(duì)這些物種的保護(hù)很緊迫，故選B。 二、單句語法填空 1．We had no ________ (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country. 答案：hesitation　have no hesitation in doing ... “毫不猶豫地做……”。 2．________ (classify) so many books in libraries usually takes them lots of time. 答案：Classifying　句子中缺少主語，且指一般性情況，故應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞classifying，在句中作主語。 3．Generally ________ (speak), youths of eighteen are too young for such work. 答案：speaking　generally speaking “一般來說”。 4．What you said has led to the ________(mistake) belief that smoking is not harmful. 答案：mistaken　修飾名詞belief應(yīng)用形容詞，故填mistaken “錯(cuò)誤的”。 5．The school makes it clear that essays from online should not be passed off ________being written by the students. 答案：as　pass ... off as ... “把……看作或冒充成……”。 6．________if we invited them to e here for a party instead? 答案：What　固定句式what if “倘使/如果……將會(huì)怎樣？”。 7．Parents should teach their children to behave ________(proper) in public. 答案：properly　此處應(yīng)用副詞來修飾動(dòng)詞behave, 故填 properly。 8．They made rude ________(remark) about her appearance. 答案：remarks　make remarks/a remark about ... “對(duì)……發(fā)表評(píng)論”。 9．The information you gathered is ________ great help to me. 答案：of　“of＋抽象名詞”相當(dāng)于其對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞，of great help＝very helpful “非常有幫助”。 10．________(take) according to the instructions, the medicine has no side effect. 答案：Taken　所給動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語medicine之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語。 三、完形填空。 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 On the night of October 16th，ing up at ten oclock, my mother prepared what would be my fathers last meal.That week he worked __1__ shifts.He started at midnight. Just after 2 am，the group went for coffee.There was a __2__ that always had to be operated and he said，“Its okay.You guys all __3__ and Ill work it.” The machine would __4__ quickly，occasionally，for one moment Dad made a __5__—he didnt pay attention, and his head was stuck in the machine.In panic，the workers __6__ back and cut the base of the machine and transported it with him in the ambulance. Mother was __7__ that there was an accident and to meet at the __8__.My oldest brother Ken，then sixteen, __9__mother there，and my other brother Bob，then fourteen，stayed with me at home.Father died on the road. When we were overe with the __10__，a spokesperson for the hospital __11__ my mother if they could take one of my fathers eyes—they had a person __12__ it.My mother replied，“Yes！” Years later，in the late summer，I was at the Woodlawn Cemetery where my fathers body rests.As I finished __13__ and stood，a man from behind me said，“How are you now，F(xiàn)rank？” Knowing only the __14__，and his friends and coworkers called him “Frank”，I __15__ thought that this man must have __16__ him.As I turned to face him，I replied，“Hes my father.” This man，F(xiàn)rank Bazylak，as I would learn later，replied, “I __17__ with your father for a short time，just over a year，but he made an impact on my life.He was so powerful，so __18__ and so giving.You know，he wasnt meant to be there that day.But that was Frank.” Almost four decades later and from a __19__，there in the cemetery.Id heard __20__ stories about my father. 1．A.morning B．noon C．night D．a(chǎn)fternoon 2．A.duty B．job C．truck D．machine 3．A.stay B．go C．hide D．watch 4．A.move B．break C．change D．fly 5．A.decision B．difference C．life D．mistake 6．A.walked B．rushed C．looked D．turned 7．A.warned B．minded C．informed D．threatened 8．A.factory B．office C．hospital D．workplace 9．A.forted B．urged C．calmed D．drove 10．A.sorrow B．incident C．trouble D．treatment 11．A.suggested B．a(chǎn)sked C．puzzled D．embarrassed 12．A.caring about B．suffering from C．turning to D．waiting for 13．A.blessing B．missing C．praying D．chatting 14．A.family B．doctors C．pany D．policemen 15．A.slowly B．quickly C．nervously D．carefully 16．A.respected B．loved C．recognized D．known 17．A.discussed B．quarreled C．worked D．a(chǎn)greed 18．A.clever B．considerate C．modest D．strict 19．A.stranger B．friend C．colleague D．brother 20．A.wonderful B．cheerful C．sad D．false 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的爸爸在工廠發(fā)生事故后去世，媽媽在醫(yī)院同意捐獻(xiàn)他的一只眼睛。最后通過與一位陌生人的對(duì)話說明了父親的美德。 【核心詞匯】shift n．輪班　operate v．操作，動(dòng)手術(shù)　occasionally adv.偶爾，間或　stuck adj.卡住的，無法移動(dòng)的　panic n．恐慌　transport v．運(yùn)輸　overe vt.克服，控制　coworker n．同事　impact n．作用，影響　decade n．十年 1．C　根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“On the night”和空后的“He started at midnight”可知，爸爸應(yīng)該是上夜班。所以選C。 2．D　根據(jù)空后的“had to be operated”和“Ill work it”可知，此處應(yīng)是一臺(tái)機(jī)器需要一直有人操作。另外第三段第一句中的“The machine would __4__ quickly”也是提示。 3．B　根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“the group went for coffee”以及最后一句中的“Ill work it”可推斷，此處指離開(去喝咖啡)，故選B項(xiàng)。 4．A　根據(jù)語境可知，此處是指這臺(tái)機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)(move)很快。 5．D　根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，此處指爸爸犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 6．B　根據(jù)上文可知，其他人都去喝咖啡了，所以爸爸的頭卡在機(jī)器里時(shí)，他們應(yīng)該是快速趕(rushed)回。 7．C　根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，爸爸發(fā)生事故，這時(shí)應(yīng)是通知媽媽到醫(yī)院去，所以選C。warn“警告，提醒”；mind“介意”；inform“告知，通知”；threaten“威脅，恐嚇”。 8．C　參見上題解析。 9．D　根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，媽媽要到醫(yī)院去，所以哥哥開車送媽媽去那里。fort“安慰”；urge“催促”；calm“使平靜”；drive“駕車送(人)”。 10．A　根據(jù)上文可知，父親的去世使我們處于悲痛之中。be overe with...“受到……的極大影響”。 11．B　根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)是詢問(asked)媽媽的意見。puzzle“使困惑”；embarrass“使窘迫”。 12．D　根據(jù)語境可以推斷，此處是指一個(gè)病人(一直)在等待(waiting for)(有人捐獻(xiàn))眼睛來治療(自己的眼睛)。care about“關(guān)心”；suffer from“遭受”；turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于”。 13．C　根據(jù)空前的“at the Woodlawn Cemetery”并結(jié)合生活常識(shí)可知，“我”在墓地完成禱告(praying)。bless“祝福，保佑”。 14．A　根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容并結(jié)合語境可知，“我”知道只有家人、爸爸的朋友和同事叫他Frank。所以選項(xiàng)A符合語境。pany“同伴”。 15．B　根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，“我”應(yīng)是迅速地(quickly)認(rèn)為這個(gè)人一定是認(rèn)識(shí)(known)爸爸的。nervously“神經(jīng)緊張地”。 16．D　參見上題解析。 17．C　根據(jù)空后的“for a short time，just over a year, but he made an impact on my life”和下文中的“he wasnt meant to be there that day”可推知，這個(gè)人應(yīng)該是爸爸的同事，所以空處應(yīng)指與爸爸一起工作過。quarrel“吵架”。 18．B　根據(jù)空前的“powerful”和空后的“giving”同時(shí)結(jié)合上文已經(jīng)介紹的爸爸讓所有的同事去喝咖啡，自己一個(gè)人留下操作機(jī)器以及倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，爸爸也是一個(gè)體貼的(considerate)人。modest“謙虛的”。 19．A　根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二至三段可知，“我”在墓地遇到的人于“我”而言是一位陌生人。colleague“同事”。 20．A　本段是結(jié)尾段，也是全文的總結(jié)性段落，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了爸爸的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)。故此處應(yīng)指“我”聽到了令人驚嘆的故事。wonderful“令人驚嘆的”符合語境。 四、單句改錯(cuò)。 1．The mistakes in your homework shouldnt be overlooking, or youll keep them forever. ____________________________________________________ 答案：overlooking→overlooked　overlook與mistakes之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 2．In term of education, I first thank all my teachers who have devoted themselves to their profession. _____________________________________________________ 答案：term→terms　in terms of “就……來說；從……角度”。 3．Fortunate, the fire was discovered soon after it had started. _____________________________________________________ 答案：Fortunate→Fortunately　副詞作狀語修飾整個(gè)句子，故應(yīng)將fortunate改為fortunately。 4．The September 11 attack has condemned by the entire international munity. _____________________________________________________ 答案：has后加been　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：have been＋過去分詞。9.11恐怖襲擊應(yīng)是“被譴責(zé)”，故應(yīng)在has后加been。 5．When the interview was finished, I was shown in. _____________________________________________________ 答案：in→out　show sb. in “帶某人進(jìn)來”；show sb. out“帶某人出去”。由句意可知后一短語符合語境。 五、短文改錯(cuò) Susan’s family was terrible poor. One Christmas Eve, Susan’s father saw that Susan had used piece of gold wrapping paper to decorate a shoebox, where was so precious to their family, and she put it under the Christmas tree. The next morning, Susan takes the box to her dad and said, “This is for you, Dad！” But if he opened it, he found it was empty. “Why do you give me an empty boxes? Don’t you know the gold wrapping paper is such expensive to us？” Her dad said angrily. Susan cried, said, “Dad, it isn’t empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full.” Hearing of this, the dad felt regretful, he held Susan in his arms but said, “Sorry, my dear, I love you！” 答案： Susan’s family was poor. One Christmas Eve, Susan’s father saw that Susan had used piece of gold wrapping paper to decorate a shoebox, was so precious to their family, and she put it under the Christmas tree. The next morning, Susan the box to her dad and said, “This is for you, Dad！”But he opened it, he found it was empty. “Why do you give me an empty？ Don’t you know the gold wrapping paper is expensive to us？” Her dad said angrily. Susan cried, /， “Dad, it isn’t empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full.” Hearing this, the dad felt regretful, he held Susan in his arms said, “Sorry, my dear, I love you！”