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Unit 7 The Sea 課時練(一)　閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度 (限時：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷七)With so many NYC museums to choose from, its hard to know where to begin. The good news is, youre in the right place. Below is a highly selective list of museums in New York City. Metropolitan Museum of Art Occupying two million square feet, with a permanent collection of over two million works of art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art (founded in 1870) is one of the largest art galleries in the world. This famous fine arts museum in NYC possesses works from classical antiquity (古物), ancient Egypt, Asia, Byzantium, and Europe, with nearly all of the European masters represented. American Museum of Natural History Originally founded in 1869, the American Museum of Natural History is one of the largest museums in the world. Located in parklike grounds across the street from Central Park, the museum plex consists of 28 interconnected buildings housing 45 permanent exhibition halls. As a popular familyfriendly NYC attraction, the American Museum of Natural History is as fun as it is educational. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum One of the midtwentieth centurys most important architectural landmarks, the iconic Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. Wright spent 15 years designing the building and discarded 700 sketches and six sets of working drawings in the process. He died six months before the doors were opened. New York City Fire Museum The New York City Fire Museum (set up in 1934) is a charming alternative to the more expensive museums of New York. Here you will find art and artifacts that celebrate the history of firefighting and the New York City Fire Department, including modernday firefighting equipment and authentic New York fire equipment from 1790. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者對紐約的四個博物館進(jìn)行了簡單的介紹。 1．What do you know about the American Museum of Natural History? A．It consists of 28 exhibition halls. B．It lies in the middle of Central Park. C．It is the largest museum in the world. D．It is suitable for parents and their kids. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“As a popular familyfriendly NYC attraction, the American Museum of Natural History is as fun as it is educational”可知，美國自然歷史博物館是適合家庭觀賞的地方，不僅有趣也具有教育意義。由此可知D項(xiàng)正確。 2．Which is the youngest museum? A．The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. B．The New York City Fire Museum. C．The Metropolitan Museum of Art. D．The American Museum of Natural History. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中所給的建館時間可知，Metropolitan Museum of Art建于1870年，American Museum of Natural History建于1869年，Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum建于 20世紀(jì)中期，New York City Fire Museum建于 1934年。由此可知，Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum 歷史最短，故選A。 3．What is one feature of the New York City Fire Museum? A．It charges no fees. B．It is a themed museum. C．It is the most famous museum. D．It exhibits only modern equipment. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。依據(jù)最后一段中的“celebrate the history of firefighting ... authentic New York fire equipment from 1790”和該博物館的名字可知，New York City Fire Museum的一切都是與消防有關(guān)的，可以說是一個主題博物館，故選B項(xiàng)。 4．Where can we probably find this passage? A．In a tour guide.　　　　 B．In an art review. C．In a history book. D．In an official report. 解析：選A　文章出處題。縱觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了紐約的四個博物館的相關(guān)情況，因此最有可能出現(xiàn)在旅游指南中，故選A。 B (2019成都診斷)Food blogs, celebrities, and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic (有機(jī)的) fruits and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more plex picture. While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides. Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as organic, farmers must meet specific criteria, including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods, the growing process typically requires more labor, time, and money, a cost that is passed down to consumers. Its true that in many ways, organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it es to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss, the parison gets plex. Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre. However, because they are barred from using genetic engineering, pesticides (殺蟲劑), and other methods that increase efficiency (效率), organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isnt a whole lot of research on the topic, the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms, on a per unit basis, says study author Verena Seufert. In addition, while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruits and vegetables, theres not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumer health. The same is true for the pesticide remainder. In developed countries, where pesticide use is tightly regulated, theres no scientific consensus on how these often slight differences influence human health. Still, Seufert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic produce, you should do so. Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity. The real takeaway from her study is not that organic produce is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase the yield without lowering sustainability. But if you cant afford to buy organic produce, dont stress too much, particularly from a nutritional perspective. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，主要介紹了有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的一些情況。 5．What does the underlined word “downsides” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Dangers. B．Drawbacks. C．Benefits. D．Differences. 解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，雖然有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品可能稍微健康些，但在某些方面，也有其缺點(diǎn)。再結(jié)合語境和下文陳述的有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的缺點(diǎn)可以判斷，畫線詞應(yīng)指有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品不好的一面，B項(xiàng)意為“缺點(diǎn)”，故B項(xiàng)正確。 6．Which key factor makes it hard to pare organic farming with conventional farming when it es to environmental concerns? A．The yield. B．The price. C．The water loss. D．The labor. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，當(dāng)涉及諸如溫室氣體排放和水資源損失等環(huán)境問題時，比較傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)和有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)就困難了；且根據(jù)第三段的其他內(nèi)容可知，雖然有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)相比更可持續(xù)，但因?yàn)椴荒苁褂没蚬こ碳夹g(shù)、殺蟲劑及其他提高效率的方法，有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的產(chǎn)量相對低，故產(chǎn)量是使得兩者之間的比較變得困難的重要因素。A項(xiàng)意為“產(chǎn)量”，故A項(xiàng)正確。 7．Which of the following will the author most probably agree with? A．Farmers work environment should be improved. B．Organic produce should be made more efficiently. C．It isnt wise for consumers to buy organic products. D．The pesticide remainder do no harm to peoples health. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句可知，由于禁止使用基因工程技術(shù)和殺蟲劑等，有機(jī)農(nóng)場的產(chǎn)量估計(jì)會比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場的產(chǎn)量低19%至25%。據(jù)此可以判斷，應(yīng)當(dāng)提高有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率，故B項(xiàng)正確。第五段的最后一句亦是提示。 8．In the authors opinion, why should we support organic produce? A．Its environmentally friendly. B．Its more nutritious. C．It helps keep the variety of plants. D．Its safer for consumers. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity”可知，有機(jī)農(nóng)場為工人提供更安全的工作環(huán)境，而且有機(jī)農(nóng)場有助于保持生物的多樣性。據(jù)此可以判斷，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)提倡有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的原因之一是能保持生物的多樣性，故C項(xiàng)正確。 C (2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷八)With their large glass windows and clear views of the hospitals newest arrivals, its hard to imagine hospitals without newborn nurseries. But how did this slightly unusual, if precious, concept of putting babies on show e into being? Well, theyre not really for putting babies on show. Firstly, they were created as an area for nurses to take care of all of the new babies, separate from their mothers. Newborn nurseries have been around pretty much since moms started having babies in hospitals. In the early 1900s, hospitals replaced homes as the primary place to give birth. Hospitals built maternity wards (產(chǎn)科病房), and those wards had nurseries with windows. According to Smithsonian. , a 1943 publication gave two main purposes for the nurseries. The first purpose was to allow the relatives to see the new babies. The windows, however, were to keep the babies safe and clean while they were being admired by relatives. And that sanitary concern is right and reasonable. Babies immune systems (免疫系統(tǒng)) are not yet developed, which has to do with the frightening reason you should be careful about letting people kiss your new baby. However, the Smithsonian. article does admit that solid walls would be even more effective at keeping bacteria and viruses out than windows. Not to mention they would be more costeffective. So, yeah ... the primary purpose is still to look at the cute babies. Some hospitals would offer individual viewings so that relatives could have some quality time with their new member. In the mid to late twentieth century, these nursery viewings were often the first time fathers got to see their new babies. Today, though, the nurseries mean a lot to many hospital visitors and family members. Dotti James claims that “the nursery window has bee a destination for patients and families from other parts of the hospital experiencing a health crisis ... Standing outside the nursery, seeing the babies ... can give hope to families trying to deal successfully with something difficult.” Its pretty much a universal truth that healthy babies are an immediate mood booster (令人鼓舞的事情)． 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了醫(yī)院設(shè)立育嬰室的原因，育嬰室的發(fā)展及作用等。 9．Whats the function of Paragraph 1? A．To attract readers interest. B．To summarize the whole passage. C．To provide background information. D．To introduce the theme of the passage. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“But how did this slightly unusual, if precious, concept of putting babies on show e into being”及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章第一段主要是用來引出文章主題的。故選D。 10．What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A．Kissing new babies may cause them harm. B．Safety is the main focus of newborn nurseries. C．Nurseries with windows are more costeffective. D．Fathers were the last to see new babies decades ago. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Babies immune systems (免疫系統(tǒng)) are not yet developed, which has to do with the frightening reason you should be careful about letting people kiss your new baby”可知，新生兒的免疫系統(tǒng)還沒有發(fā)育成熟，因此在讓別人親吻新生嬰兒時要特別小心。由此可推知，親吻新生嬰兒有可能會對他們造成傷害。故選A。 11．Whats Dotti Jamess attitude towards newborn nurseries? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Disapproving. 解析：選A　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中Dotti James所說的話可知，Dotti James認(rèn)為，站在育嬰室的窗外看著新生嬰兒能夠給努力應(yīng)對困境的人們以希望，因此Dotti James對于為新生兒設(shè)立育嬰室是持積極態(tài)度的。故選A。 12．Whats the purpose of the passage? A．To show the benefits of newborn nurseries. B．To stress the importance of newborn nurseries. C．To explain why hospitals set up newborn nurseries. D．To state some misunderstandings of newborn nurseries. 解析：選C　寫作意圖題?？v觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了醫(yī)院設(shè)立育嬰室背后的故事，故C項(xiàng)最能概括作者寫作本文的意圖。 D (2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷八)Australian electronics and homewares retailers are preparing for the invasion (涌入) of American giant Amazon, but some have decided to take the fight up to the onlinebased store when it es to local shores. Last week, Amazon confirmed its rapid Australian expansion by announcing that it was searching for a site to build its “fulfillment center” — a large warehouse (倉庫) for storing and shipping goods purchased online — but local retailers, including one of Harvey Normans founders Gerry Harvey, have said they will make it hard for Amazon to succeed in Australia. Harvey Norman sells electronics, furniture and bedding — all markets in which Amazon hopes to hold a stake, but Harvey has said that he will happily go toetotoe with the American behemoth to hold his ground in the Australian market. “In America and other parts of the world, they have just demolished (徹底打敗) other retailers, no question about that, and they send a lot of retailers broke，” Harvey told News Corp on Monday. “There is no question they have one ambition, and like Attila the Hun, or Alexander the Great, they just want to demolish everything in front of them and then at the end of the day claim to be victorious and make their own rules. So this is a pany that is extraordinary by any measure and challenges every rule that has ever been written about a business.” Some analysts have said that Amazon could take in as much as 3 billion U．S. dollars in sales in its first five years in Australia (around 1 percent of the total 225 billion U．S. dollar market), but Harvey has refuted those claims, saying that local retailers would be putting up “one hell of a fight” when Amazon launches its main retail services in Australia. “We will be out there fighting them like no American retailer has ever fought them，” he said. “Any price that they put we will beat or equal.” Meanwhile, Harveys thoughts were backed up by the former CEO of supermarket chain Woolworths, Roger Corbett, who said Amazon would struggle to keep its lower wages and claims of lightning fast delivery to rural parts when it opens in Australia. “Amazon will have an impact on the market place, but they are ing into an already very petitive market，” he told News Corp. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要講述的是美國電商巨頭亞馬遜宣布進(jìn)軍澳大利亞市場后，澳大利亞的零售商對此作出的反應(yīng)。 13．Why did Gerry Harvey react actively to Amazons expansion to Australia? A．To support other national brands. B．To maintain his own share in the market. C．To realize the Australian markets diversity. D．To learn from Amazons immediate success. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Harvey has said that he will happily go toetotoe with the American behemoth to hold his ground in the Australian market”可知，Gerry Harvey積極地對亞馬遜要在澳大利亞擴(kuò)張作出反應(yīng)是為了保持自己的公司在澳大利亞市場的地位，即保持自己的市場份額，故選B。 14．What is Amazon like according to Gerry Harvey? A．Powerful and creative. B．Aggressive but outdated. C．Ambitious and reliable. D．Promising but adventurous. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“In America and other parts of the world ... they send a lot of retailers broke”可知，在美國及世界的其他地區(qū)，亞馬遜已經(jīng)徹底打敗了其他零售商并使得他們破產(chǎn)，由此可知，亞馬遜是一家強(qiáng)大的公司；再結(jié)合第四段中的“they just want to demolish everything ... make their own rules”和“this is a pany that is extraordinary ... about a business”可知，亞馬遜敢于挑戰(zhàn)既有的行業(yè)規(guī)則，由此可知，亞馬遜是富有創(chuàng)新性的。故選A。 15．What message is conveyed in the last paragraph? A．Amazon will take the lead in Australia soon. B．Amazon has no access to the Australian market. C．Amazons service quality needs improving urgently. D．Amazons expansion to Australia will be challenging. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Roger Corbett所說的可知，Roger Corbett在肯定其市場影響力的同時又指出澳大利亞市場本身已經(jīng)是個競爭非常激烈的市場，言外之意就是亞馬遜擴(kuò)張至澳大利亞將會是富有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選D。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019河北五校聯(lián)考)A cobra (眼鏡蛇) was set free on September 10 in a park in Xiangtan, South Chinas Hunan Province. __16__ And they began hunting for the deadly creature to try to prevent it from hurting anyone. In the name of mercy, some people free captive (被捕獲的) animals, including foreign species, mostly bought from pet shops or markets. __17__ Last April, someone freed hundreds of foxes and raccoon dogs in a Beijing suburb, causing economic losses to animal farmers and endangering the safety of local residents. __18__ Besides, today people are increasingly aware of the importance of environmental protection and biodiversity. But it is necessary to ensure that acts of freeing captive animals do not violate laws or harm the interests of the public. __19__ In order to regulate the release of captive animals, the government revised the law on wildlife conservation in 2016. According to the updated regulations, no individual or organization should harm the public interest by freeing captive animals. __20__ A．And any creatures set free should be local species that have no threat to local biodiversity. B．However, their warmhearted kindness often causes serious consequences. C．Freeing a cobra in a park reflects the troublemakers ignorance of other peoples lives. D．Such news has frequently appeared in recent years. E．Local police immediately arrested the troublemaker. F．Influenced by Buddhism, freeing captive animals is an act that deserves respect in China. G．It is important to protect animals including those set free by people. 語篇解讀：近來，人們的放生行為越來越多，但是一些外來物種及危險動物的放生，會對當(dāng)?shù)匚锓N以及人們的生命造成很大的威脅。文章對這一現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了分析，并提出了解決方法。 16．解析：選E　上文提到一條眼鏡蛇被放生，下文提到人們追捕眼鏡蛇以防它傷害任何人，故空處也應(yīng)表示眼鏡蛇被放生后警察的行動，所以E項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)鼐炝⒓创读诉@個惹麻煩者”承上啟下，符合語境。下句中的“they”指的是E項(xiàng)中的“Local police”。故選E。 17．解析：選B　該句承上啟下。上句說的是人們出于慈愛之心放生被捕獲的動物；下文敘述的是去年四月在北京放生的一批動物給當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民帶來了嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，并危及了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦娜松戆踩?，上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以B項(xiàng)“然而，他們的好心卻常常引起嚴(yán)重的后果”符合語境。 18．解析：選F　該部分介紹了放生的原因。Besides后介紹的是一個理由：現(xiàn)在人們的環(huán)保意識和生物多樣化意識增強(qiáng)；所以空處應(yīng)該是另外一個理由，故F項(xiàng)“在中國，受佛教的影響，(人們認(rèn)為)放生被捕獲的動物是值得尊重的行為”符合語境。 19．解析：選C　上文提到人們有必要確保放生行為不能觸犯法律，不能損害公眾利益，故可推知下文應(yīng)就放生眼鏡蛇這一例子對此進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步解釋，故C項(xiàng)“在公園里放生眼鏡蛇反映了這個惹是生非的人忽視了其他人的生命”符合語境。 20．解析：選A　該段說的是政府對放生行為采取的措施，所以A項(xiàng)“放生的任何生物都必須是本地物種，這些物種對當(dāng)?shù)氐纳锒鄻有詻]有威脅”是對上文的進(jìn)一步解釋，故選A。 課時練(二)　語言知識運(yùn)用組塊專練——練準(zhǔn)度 (限時：30分鐘) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷七)Hunter Kittle, 24 years old, was driving through Californias Mount Baldy, when his night took an unexpected turn. As he was going down the road, his car turned upside down suddenly and __1__ directly 70 feet into a valley. The young man amazingly __2__ the fall, but he passed out and wasnt fully in the clear. Shortly after, he __3__ in his broken car with an injured lung, a fractured (骨折的) skull and a broken leg. His pain must have been beyond __4__. Due to the shape of his then destroyed vehicle and his __5__ injuries, Hunter was unable to make his __6__ out of the vehicle. He had to deal with his pain alone __7__ someone found him. The Kittles were also __8__ about where their son could be but as each day passed without any __9__， the situation became worse. After three nights, a motorist __10__ and noticed the car wreck (殘骸) __11__ in the valley. The ambulance was called __12__. Soon, Hunter was airlifted to the __13__. Now Hunter is in his hospital bed and says, “I was so happy, you know, that I was finally being __14__， and that I still had a(n) __15__ left to live on.” He goes on to __16__， “In fact, it mainly was __17__ over matter. My desire to live long enough made it, one way or another. I didnt want that to be my final __18__ in my life book.” __19__ his determination to live and a kind stranger, Hunter escaped this tragedy and now __20__ a new perspective on life. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了24歲的Hunter Kittle跌落山谷，身受重傷，最終憑借求生的堅(jiān)定決心和好心的陌生人的幫助幸免于難的故事。 1．A.slipped down B．climbed up C．pulled over D．wandered around 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文的“his car turned upside down suddenly”和下文的“directly 70 feet into a valley”可知，Hunter Kittle的車突然翻了，滑了70英尺直接滑進(jìn)了山谷中。slip down“滑下”符合語境。climb up“爬上，攀登”；pull over“駛向路邊，向路邊?？俊保粀ander around“徘徊，閑逛”。 2．A.avoided B．survived C．handled D．experienced 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段中的“Hunter escaped this tragedy”可知， 這個年輕人驚人地在這次跌落中活了下來。survive“生存，存活，幸免于難”符合語境。avoid“避免”；handle“處理”；experience“經(jīng)歷”。 3．A.looked up B．broke up C．turned up D．woke up 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文的“but he passed out and wasnt fully in the clear”可知，不久之后，他在損壞的車?yán)镄蚜诉^來。wake up“醒來，喚醒”符合語境。look up“好轉(zhuǎn)，改善”；break up“變得虛弱，解散”；turn up“出現(xiàn)”。 4．A.prehension B．belief C．description D．repair 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文的“with an injured lung, a fractured (骨折的) skull and a broken leg”可知，Hunter Kittle承受著難以言表的疼痛。beyond description“難以言表”符合語境。beyond prehension“令人費(fèi)解”；beyond belief“令人難以置信”；beyond repair“無法修復(fù)”。 5．A.gradual B．serious C．slight D．temporary 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文的“with an injured lung, a fractured (骨折的) skull and a broken leg”可知，Hunter Kittle受傷嚴(yán)重。serious“嚴(yán)重的”符合語境。gradual“逐漸的”；slight“輕微的”；temporary“暫時的，臨時的”。 6．A.way B．day C．promise D．decision 解析：選A　根據(jù)語境可知，由于車已損壞，車的外形也被毀壞，以及他本身所受的嚴(yán)重的傷，Hunter Kittle不能成功地從車?yán)锍鰜怼ake ones way“獲得成功”符合語境。 7．A.since B．once C．a(chǎn)fter D．until 解析：選D　根據(jù)語境可知，Hunter Kittle不得不獨(dú)自處理自己的傷痛直到有人發(fā)現(xiàn)他。until“直到……為止”符合語境。since“自……以來”；once“一旦”。 8．A.crazy B．guilty C．a(chǎn)nxious D．doubtful 解析：選C　Kittle夫婦對于他們的兒子可能會在哪兒也非常焦慮。anxious“擔(dān)心的，焦慮的”符合語境。guilty“內(nèi)疚的”；doubtful“感到懷疑的”。 9．A.suspicion B．information C．instruction D．prediction 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文的“the situation became worse”可知，一天天過去了，Hunter Kittle仍舊杳無音信。information“信息，消息”符合語境。suspicion“懷疑，嫌疑”；instruction“指導(dǎo)，教導(dǎo)”；prediction“預(yù)測”。 10．A.passed by B．passed away C．passed off D．passed out 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文的“noticed the car wreck (殘骸)”可知，一位駕車者經(jīng)過并看到了山谷中的汽車殘骸。pass by“經(jīng)過”符合語境。pass away“去世”；pass off“(以某方式)發(fā)生并完成”；pass out“昏迷”。 11．A.deserted B．lying C．settling D．thrown 解析：選B　參見上題解析。lie“平放，位于”符合語境。desert“廢棄”；settle“降落，停留”。 12．A.suddenly B．casually C．immediately D．deliberately 解析：選C　根據(jù)語境可知，這位駕車者立即叫了救護(hù)車。immediately“立即，馬上”符合語境。sudde