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Unit 1 Friendship 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(必修1　Unit 1) 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 Is “sorry” the hardest word?Not for the British Education Secretary Michael Gove,1.　　　　　 has apologised recently to his former French teacher 2. his bad behaviour in class.It took him 30 years to express regret.In a letter 3.　　　　　　　(publish) in a magazine,Mr.Gove says,“It may be too late to say I’m sorry.But,as my mom told me,it’s never too late to set the record straight.” Researchers argue that people have too high expectations of the power of saying sorry.Some psychologists say in a study that 4.　　　　　　　(receive) an apology isn’t as 5.　　　　　　(help) as people think.Nevertheless,apologies might be an important social tool as they reaffirm(再次確定) the 6.(exist) of rules that need to be observed. The Education Secretary’s apology might have been accepted by his old teacher but he might get 7.(he) into trouble.According to Daily Mail,Mr.Gove’s mother didn’t know her son was causing trouble at school and she 8.　　　　　(say),“He would have been punished 9.　　　　　 I had known he was being so naughty.”Later,Gove said,“I can never express my apology to him face to face these days—it just goes through to his answering machine.But when I do 10.　　　　　　　(eventual) speak to him,I will say sorry.” 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了英國(guó)教育部秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)給曾經(jīng)的法語(yǔ)老師道歉的故事。 1.who　考查定語(yǔ)從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中做主語(yǔ),修飾先行詞Michael Gove,指人,故用who。 2.for　考查介詞。apologise to sb. for sth.意為“因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼浮?為固定搭配,故用介詞for。 3.published　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。publish和句子謂語(yǔ)says之間沒(méi)有連詞,故空處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,且publish和a letter構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)。 4.receiving　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)isn’t可知,此處是動(dòng)詞-ing形式做主語(yǔ)。 5.helpful　考查形容詞。由isn’t可知,此處用形容詞做表語(yǔ),且as...as中間用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)。故用helpful。 6.existence　考查名詞。根據(jù)定冠詞the和空格后的介詞of可知,此處應(yīng)用existence。 7.himself　考查代詞。由句子主語(yǔ)he可知,此處應(yīng)用反身代詞himself,表示“他自己”,符合語(yǔ)境。 8.said　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)and可知,前后時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一致,由didn’t可知,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)said。 9.if　考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,上下句表示邏輯上的條件關(guān)系,故用連詞if。 10.eventually　考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞,故用副詞eventually,在句子中做狀語(yǔ)。 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A(2016沈陽(yáng)第一次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)) When going through major life changes,like changing careers,I would change the people with whom I spent the most time.We’ve all gone through periods when the people in our lives have changed—graduation,moving to a new city,getting a new job,joining a new club,etc.I don’t think I need to convince you just how much influence other people can have over your identity.If you’ve ever experienced a major switch in your people environment,then you know that you change as well. Most people don’t make these choices consciously(有意識(shí)地) though.You might consciously decide to spend more time with a certain friend,or you may ask someone out on a date to begin a new relationship.But few people choose their existing friendships deliberately. There’s no“getting rid of people”.People are always dropping into and out of each other’s lives.Associations grow into friendships,and friendships fade into associations.You don’t get rid of anyone.The truth is that in order to make room for new people and new experiences,you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections. What about loyalty(忠誠(chéng))?Shouldn’t you always be loyal to your friends?Once you have a close friend,even if his influence on you is slightly harmful,shouldn’t you stick by him? Loyalty to a friend sometimes means having to let go.It means being loyal to his highest and best self as well.If someone is destroying his health by smoking,for example,you aren’t showing loyalty by smoking right along with him.True loyalty sometimes requires that you break damaging connections,get yourself back on solid ground,and then decide what you can really do to help your friend. It can take a lot of courage to tell someone,“I’m sorry,but I can’t have you in my life anymore.”But even though this might seem like a selfish act at times,it’s often the best thing for the other person too.If a relationship is holding you back in some way,understand that it’s also hurting the other person.For example,if you work for a violent boss,your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval,encouraging your boss to continue to behave violently. 1.When experiencing major life changes,people may 　　　. A.join a new social munity B.influence their friends around C.choose their friendships purposely D.have their people environment changed 2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Everyone has at least one friend. B.It is unnecessary to make new friends. C.Friendship still exists though there are fewer connections. D.You ought to treat your old and new friends equally. 3.What is the author’s opinion on the loyalty to friends? A.Never betray your close friends whatever happens. B.Correct their mistakes while you guard their goodness. C.Stick by your friends even though they do harm to you. D.Break up with your friends immediately if they smoke. 4.How should we behave when employed by a violent boss? A.We should accept what we are told to do. B.We should stay silent and be in favor of him. C.We should bravely disobey him if he is wrong. D.We should give our boss courage to continue. B If you have a chance to go to Finland，you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are. Take the taxi drivers for example.Taxis in Finland are mostly highclass Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer.You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.The driver would not show the least signs of anxiety. The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests，but also serve outside diners.Hotel guests have their meals free，so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals.The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration cards to the waiter.With such a loose check，you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge. The Finnish workers are paid by the hour.They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss at the rate.From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly. With so many loopholes(漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty_advantages”．But the strange thing is that all the taxi passengers would always e back to pay their fares after they have attended to their business and that not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms.And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in.As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do，living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”． 1．The underlined words in Paragraph 5 means to “________”． A．be ready to help others B．make good use of ones friends C．be a little ahead of others D．gain something at others expense 2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．While taking a taxi in Finland，you can get off without first paying your fare. B．In a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if youre living in the hotel. C．The bosses in Finland pay the employees according to the registration of their working hours. D．The workers are always honest with their working hours. 3．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．the Finnish society is of very high moral(道德的)level B．there are many loopholes in everyday life in Finland C．in Finland，most taxi drivers will not charge you anything D．everyone in Finland is like a gentleman，for they have faith in themselves 4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Life in Finland B．A Society with “Foolish” People C．What a Life D．Honest accounts of the Finns 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要通過(guò)一些例子，介紹了芬蘭人的誠(chéng)實(shí)，并且誠(chéng)實(shí)讓他們成為真正的“紳士”。 【難句分析】You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare. 分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中that you have some business to attend to 為that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作say的賓語(yǔ)。 譯文：你可以乘一輛出租車去任何地方，告訴司機(jī)讓你在任何地方下車，告訴(司機(jī))你有一些事情要處理，然后不付車費(fèi)就可以離開(kāi)。 1．D　考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第五段第一句“With so many loopholes(漏洞)in everyday life，surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take ‘petty_advantages’”可知，在日常生活中芬蘭出現(xiàn)了很多的“漏洞”。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，在芬蘭，如果你告訴出租車司機(jī)你有一些事要處理，你不付車費(fèi)就可以離開(kāi)；在賓館用舊的登記卡就可以享受免費(fèi)大餐；工人只要告訴老板自己工作的時(shí)長(zhǎng)就可以得到相應(yīng)的工資，這些就是“漏洞”。由此可知，芬蘭確實(shí)是那些愛(ài)貪小便宜的人的天堂，畫(huà)線詞意為“小便宜”，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第三句“From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly”可知，老板是根據(jù)工人自己所說(shuō)的工作時(shí)長(zhǎng)給工人支付工資的，而不是根據(jù)登記的時(shí)長(zhǎng)，所以C項(xiàng)與文意不符，故選C項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第五段第二句可知，你可以先下車離開(kāi)，等處理完事情后再付車費(fèi)，故A項(xiàng)與文意相符；根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可知，如果你在芬蘭大賓館入住，你可以憑登記卡享受免費(fèi)大餐，故B項(xiàng)與文意相符；根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in”可知，芬蘭工人總是誠(chéng)實(shí)地匯報(bào)自己實(shí)際的工作時(shí)長(zhǎng)，故D項(xiàng)與文意相符。 3．A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句，并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，在芬蘭，乘出租車的乘客可以先下車離開(kāi)，等處理完事情后再付車費(fèi)；沒(méi)有在賓館登記入住的人并不會(huì)去賓館享受免費(fèi)大餐；工人可以按照自己報(bào)的工作時(shí)長(zhǎng)向老板索要工資。因?yàn)榉姨m人總是誠(chéng)實(shí)地做每一件事，生活在這樣一個(gè)社會(huì)里，每個(gè)人都變成了一個(gè)真正的“紳士”。據(jù)此可以判斷，芬蘭社會(huì)有著很高的道德水平，故A項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)第五段第一句可知，在日常生活中，芬蘭社會(huì)有很多可以讓貪小便宜的人鉆的“漏洞”，這是文章所敘述的事實(shí)，而不是推論出來(lái)的內(nèi)容，故B項(xiàng)不符合題意；根據(jù)第五段第二句可知，乘客會(huì)在辦完事后支付車費(fèi)，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章最后一句可知，芬蘭人總是誠(chéng)實(shí)地做一切事情，故他們都像紳士，并不是說(shuō)芬蘭人信任自己，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。 4．B　考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，文章先通過(guò)人們認(rèn)為芬蘭人很“愚蠢”引出本文話題，接著舉例介紹了芬蘭人“愚蠢”的情況，最后點(diǎn)明主旨，即芬蘭是一個(gè)道德水平很高的國(guó)家，人們的誠(chéng)實(shí)讓他們都成為紳士。據(jù)此可以判斷，B項(xiàng)最適合做文章標(biāo)題。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2017山東濰坊1月期末檢測(cè)) I met my best friend Jayce when we were 11 years old.I was adopted and 　1　 by my grandparents and was new to the city.We immediately knew we were best 　2　 in 6th grade and we spent every single 　3　 together:playing dress up,going to school dances,doing gymnastics,the normal things 　4　 you are that age.When I was 16 years old,my family was put in a 　5　 situation.My grandfather got into the habit of 　6　 drugs,we lost everything;we lost our house,our car,everything.My grandmother 　7　 me to be able to make the choice of where I would 　8　 to live.She told me “Krisi,I love you,now you can e with me or you can 　9　 in an orphanage.” 　10　 I knew it,Jayce invited me to live with her and her family.I was able to finish high school and continue my 　11　 at our local university.It was a dream that 　12　 and the kindest thing I have 　13　 experienced.Not only did I get to spend every day with my best friend but I got to know what family truely 　14　. I have never met more loving and 　15　 people.I was like one of their own.I felt a sense of 　16　.What her mother and father did has 　17　 me to this day.They taught me about life,what to do and what not to do,very special 　18　 that I always treasure.They saved my life!I am 　19　 every single day for her and her family! I am truly 　20　 with the pany of a friend like Jayce in my life. 1.A.calmed down　 　　B.cheered up C.watched over D.brought up 2.A.students B.friends C.neighbours D.actresses 3.A.coin　 　B.class　　C.moment　D.vacation 4.A.when B.as if C.in case D.since 5.A.peaceful B.angry C.bad D.pleasant 6.A.using B.needing C.selling D.studying 7.A.forced B.forbade C.wanted D.frightened 8.A.refuse B.continue C.happen D.wait 9.A.stay B.work C.volunteer D.play 10.A.Unitl B.As C.After D.Before 11.A.task B.education C.career D.hobby 12.A.turned up B.made a difference C.came true D.came into being 13.A.ever B.then C.never D.even 14.A.includes B.presents C.lacks D.means 15.A.challenging B.accepting C.demanding D.daring 16.A.direction B.shame C.belonging D.dignity 17.A.affected B.praised C.changed D.blamed 18.A.lectures B.lessons C.opinions D.concepts 19.A.moved B.stubborn C.excited D.grateful 20.A.concerned B.burdened C.connected D.blessed Ⅲ. 短文改錯(cuò) (2017合肥第一次質(zhì)檢) I still remember the first day I e to this new school.Everything was new to me,what made me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on me.Luckily,I made several good friend.Their interests were similar with mine.I had great English teacher,Maggie.She let me know the important of English.So I decided to learn English hardly.Although it was very difficult at first,but with the help of my teacher,I made rapidly progress.Just as the old saying goes,“Where there is a will,there is a way.” 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(必修1　Unit 1) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述了人的一生會(huì)經(jīng)歷很多的改變,進(jìn)而告訴我們:如何適應(yīng)改變以及怎樣做才是對(duì)朋友真正的忠誠(chéng)。 1.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“When going through major life changes...I would change the people with whom I spent the most time...you’ve ever experienced a major switch in your people environment...”可知,當(dāng)經(jīng)歷人生重大改變時(shí),人們也會(huì)經(jīng)歷人際環(huán)境的改變。即D項(xiàng)正確。 2.C　句意理解題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線句后的“People are always dropping into and out of each other’s lives.Associations grow into friendships,and friendships fade into associations.You don’t get rid of anyone...you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections.”可知,盡管人們之間的聯(lián)系少了,但友誼依然存在。故選C項(xiàng)。 3.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的第二句和最后一句可知,作者對(duì)朋友忠誠(chéng)的態(tài)度是糾正錯(cuò)誤但要捍衛(wèi)他們的優(yōu)點(diǎn),即B項(xiàng)正確。 4.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval,encouraging your boss to continue to behave violently.”可知,如果老板錯(cuò)了,員工就要勇敢地不去服從,即C項(xiàng)正確。 B Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文。作者被祖父母收養(yǎng),在11歲的時(shí)候遇到了自己最好的朋友杰絲,后來(lái)因?yàn)榧彝プ児?祖父染上了毒品,作者與杰絲一家生活在了一起。杰絲一家很有愛(ài),她的爸爸媽媽也對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生了很大的影響,教會(huì)了作者什么該做、什么不該做,使作者受益終生。 1.D　根據(jù)上下文可知,“我”被祖父母收養(yǎng)并養(yǎng)育長(zhǎng)大。calm down“使平靜,鎮(zhèn)靜”;cheer up“使振作起來(lái)”;watch over“看守,看管”;bring up“養(yǎng)育”,故選D項(xiàng)。 2.B　根據(jù)文章第一句可知,杰絲是我的好朋友。因此,此處表示“在六年級(jí)的時(shí)候,我們很快就認(rèn)識(shí)了,并且成為了最好的朋友(friends)”。 3.C　根據(jù)下文可知,我們一起玩化妝游戲,一起去學(xué)校跳舞、做體操等等,這些都是我們單獨(dú)在一起度過(guò)的時(shí)刻(moment),故選C項(xiàng)。 4.A　根據(jù)下文的you are that age可知,此處是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。而as if“似乎,好像”,in case“萬(wàn)一”,since“自從”用在此處均不符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。 5.C　根據(jù)下文可知,祖父吸毒使“我”的家庭遭遇不好的變故,陷入困難的(bad)境地,故選C項(xiàng)。 6.A　根據(jù)下文我們傾家蕩產(chǎn)可知,祖父是吸(using)毒,而不是販賣或?qū)W習(xí)毒品,故選A項(xiàng)。 7.C　“我”的祖母讓(wanted)“我”做出決定,并沒(méi)有任何強(qiáng)迫或禁止的意思,故force“強(qiáng)迫”,forbid“禁止”,frighten“使驚恐”,均不符合句意,故選C項(xiàng)。 8.B　祖父吸毒,家庭破裂,此處表示祖母讓“我”選擇繼續(xù)(continue)生活的地方。故選B項(xiàng)。 9.A　根據(jù)上下文可知,祖母讓“我”選擇與她生活在一起,或者是待在(stay)孤兒院。work“工作”,volunteer“自愿”,paly“玩”均不符合句意,故選A項(xiàng)。 10.D　根據(jù)下文可知,杰絲想邀請(qǐng)“我”和她的家庭生活在一起,是發(fā)生在“我”遭遇家庭變故之前(Before)。故選D項(xiàng)。 11.B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,“我”讀完高中,然后繼續(xù)接受教育(education),在本地讀大學(xué)。task“工作,任務(wù)”,career“職業(yè)”,hobby“愛(ài)好”均不符合句意,故選B項(xiàng)。 12.C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,讀完高中繼續(xù)讀大學(xué),這些都曾是作者的夢(mèng)想,而且都已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了(came true),是作者曾經(jīng)(ever)所經(jīng)歷的最美好的事情。turn up“出現(xiàn)”,make a difference“有影響”,e into being“產(chǎn)生”均不符合句意,故選C項(xiàng)。 13.A　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 14.D　“我”不僅能與好朋友生活在一起,而且還能體會(huì)到家庭的真正含義。mean“意思”符合句意,而include“包括”,present“提出”,lack“缺乏”均不符合句意,故選D項(xiàng)。 15.B　根據(jù)下文作者“就像他們自己的孩子一樣”可知,杰絲的家庭是充滿愛(ài)意的,是接受(accepting)“我”的。故選B項(xiàng)。 16.C　根據(jù)上下文可知,“我”找到了一種家庭歸屬(belonging)感。direction“方向”,shame“羞愧”,dignity“尊嚴(yán)”均不符合語(yǔ)境,故選C項(xiàng)。 17.A　根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知,杰絲的爸爸媽媽接受了“我”,并教會(huì)了“我”如何生活,直到今天,他們所做的一切都對(duì)“我”有很大的影響(affected)。而praise“贊揚(yáng)”,change“改變”,blame“責(zé)備”均不符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。 18.B　杰絲的爸爸媽媽教會(huì)“我”如何生活,教會(huì)“我”什么該做,什么不該做等等,這些對(duì)“我”來(lái)說(shuō)都是一些特殊的功課(lessons),是“我”一生所珍視的東西。而lecture“講座”,opinion“觀點(diǎn)”,concept“概念”均不符合句意,故選B項(xiàng)。 19.D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,他們拯救了“我”的生活!“我”非常感激(grateful)杰絲和她的家人。故選D項(xiàng)。 20.D　be blessed with“在……方面有福氣,有幸得到”,be concerned with“與……有關(guān)”,be burdened with“擔(dān)負(fù)”,be connected with“與……相連”。根據(jù)句意可知,有一個(gè)像杰絲這樣的朋友的陪伴是“我”的福氣,故選D項(xiàng)。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 　I still remember the first day I comecameto this new school.Everything was new to me,whatwhichmade me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on memyself.Luckily,I made several good friendfriends.Their interests were similar withtomine.I had great English teacher,Maggie.She let me know the importantimportanceof English.So I decided to learn English hardlyhard.Although it was very difficult at first, but with the help of my teacher,I made rapidlyrapidprogress.Just as the old saying goes.“Where there is a will,there is a way.”