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必修3　Unit 1 Festivals around the world 一、閱讀理解 A Gregory Talley used to sleep in a park or under a bridge. The 50-year-old has been homeless for more than 10 years. "It is hard. Its hard to live homeless. You filled every day trying to find out where you are going to get something to eat. If I hadnt found wonderful Fairfax County Kennedy Shelter, I wouldnt know where I would be by now. I might be dead," Talley said. The Kennedy Shelter is one of the facilities New Hope Housing provides for homeless people. Pam Michell has devoted her life to making the lives of this vulnerable (易受傷的)population better as executive director of the non-profit organization. "I went to Africa in 1985. And I saw a huge amount of poverty, but I saw so much hope. And I decided that I should try to do something that would bring hope to people," Michell said. When Michell began working with New Hope Housing 25 years ago, its three shelters had about 80 beds. Now, it has 350 beds and serves about 1,500 homeless people every year. She has expanded the program beyond just providing beds for the night. "We do outreach(拓展), we do prevention, we do permanent housing, we do transitional housing. We have an education program with all sorts of different things to move people to end their homelessness," she said,"Our Out of Poverty program is not just about money. Its about you could be spiritually poor, you could be relationship poor ... you could be educationally poor. So it is focusing on how you get out of this poverty that has brought you to being homeless." The program tries to teach the shelter residents self-reliance (自立) and work values, and includes courses on planning and personal responsibility. "l learned I still have opportunities to change it and I can change it," said shelter resident Lewis Webster. "It is just about going forth in doing necessary work to do it. I mean if you really want better, you would do better and thats the frame of mind of me now." 1. Gregory Talley’s story is told at the beginning of the text to _________ . A.tell readers the situation for the poor in the US is getting worse B.introduce a non-profit organization that is trying to help the poor in the US C.disclose the truth that more and more homeless people are dying from hunger D.remind readers that the homeless people in the US have no trouble getting food 2. According to Paragraph 6. Pam Michell started to bring hope to the homeless by ________ . A.providing clothes for them B.offering food for them C.building new houses for them D.offering them shelters for the night 3. What is the final purpose of the education program? A.To tell the homeless people the ways to make money. B.To help the homeless people find the causes of their poverty. C.To encourage the homeless to work and rely on themselves. D.To teach the poor how to live a better life in the shelters. 4. What may be the best title for the text? A.fort in the Kennedy Shelter B.Ways to achieve success C.An Opportunity to Fight Homelessness D.An Organisation to End Homelessness 【文章大意】文章介紹美國(guó)非營(yíng)利組織Fairfax County Kennedy Shelter幫助無(wú)家可歸者結(jié)束流浪生活。 1. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子“If I hadnt found wonderful Fairfax County Kennedy Shelter, I wouldn’t know where I would be by now. I might be dead”可知，文章開(kāi)頭介紹Gregory Talley的故事是 為了介紹一個(gè)努力幫助窮人的美國(guó)非盈利組織。故選B。 2. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段的句子“She has expanded the program beyond just providing beds for the night.”可知，Pam Michell一開(kāi)始給無(wú)家可歸的人提供夜晚的住宿，故選D。 4. D【解析】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)文章和第三段的句子“The Kennedy Shelter is one of the facilities New Hope Housing provides for homeless people.”可知，文章介紹美國(guó)非營(yíng)利組織Fairfax County Kennedy Shelter幫 助無(wú)家可歸者結(jié)束流浪生活。故選D。 B Isabel has turned down two job offers in the past year. The first job she considered was the director of HR for a pany in Utah. After the initial interviews, she felt the job fit her except for the location. Still, she flew west to meet the hiring manager. The hiring manager explained that Isabel was the top candidate for the job but that, before she continued with the process, she should better understand the firms culture. She directed Isabel to several videos of the panys CEO, who regularly appeared in front of the pany in costume as part of moralebuilding exercises and expected his senior leaders to do the same. “Even though I was desperate for a job, I knew I couldnt do that，” Isabel says. She called the pany to turn down the job and explained that she didnt feel there was a cultural fit. A few months later, she had an interview for another job: a director of employee relations at a local university. After several interviews, the hiring manager told her the job was hers if she wanted it. The job had many positives: it provided a lowstress environment, it offered great benefits, and the university was an employeefriendly place. But the job was relatively junior despite the title and Isabel worried it wouldnt be challenging enough. Finally, she turned it down. “It would be great to have a paycheck and great benefits but I would definitely have trouble sleeping at night，” she says. In both cases, she was frank with the hiring managers about why she wasnt taking the jobs. “In the past，it felt like dating, and I was worried about hurting peoples feelings，” she says. However，they appreciated her frankness and thanked her for her honesty. She says it was hard to turn down the jobs and it was a risk for her financially but she felt she had to. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Isabel拒絕兩份工作的經(jīng)歷和感想。 【難句分析】She directed Isabel to several videos of the panys CEO, who regularly appeared in front of the pany in costume as part of moralebuilding exercises and expected his senior leaders to do the same. 分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 譯文：她領(lǐng)著Isabel看了幾段公司首席執(zhí)行官的視頻，作為激勵(lì)員工士氣的活動(dòng)的一部分，首席執(zhí)行官經(jīng)常穿著公司制服出現(xiàn)在員工們面前，并希望他的高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)也能這樣做。 1. Which factor made Isabel turn down the first job finally? A．The panys location. B．The initial interviews. C．The firms culture. D．The hiring manager. 答案與解析：C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“She called the pany to turn down the job and explained that she didnt feel there was a cultural fit”可知，Isabel認(rèn)為這種企業(yè)文化不適合自己，所以拒絕了這份工作，故C項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)第一段第三、四句“After the initial interviews，she felt the job fit her except for the location.Still，she flew west to meet the hiring manager”可知，在最初的幾輪面試之后，Isabel覺(jué)得這份工作適合她，除了公司的位置之外。盡管如此，她還是飛往西部去見(jiàn)了人事部經(jīng)理；據(jù)此可知，她拒絕這份工作的原因不是最初的幾輪面試、公司地點(diǎn)和人事部經(jīng)理，故排除A、B、D項(xiàng)。 2．What does the underlined word “junior” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Challenging. B．Easy. C．Beneficial. D．Stressful. 答案與解析：B　考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞所在句“But the job was relatively junior despite the title and Isabel worried it wouldnt be challenging enough”可知，盡管這份工作的頭銜不錯(cuò)，但是Isabel擔(dān)心這份工作沒(méi)有足夠的挑戰(zhàn)性，即這份工作相對(duì)容易；據(jù)此可以判斷，畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞意為“容易的”，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的”，C項(xiàng)意為“有益的”，D項(xiàng)意為“充滿(mǎn)壓力的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 3．What is the most important thing for Isabel in job hunting? A．Being truthful to others. B．A job with a stable ine. C．A relaxing working atmosphere. D．Avoiding hurting peoples feelings. 答案與解析：A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“However, they appreciated her frankness and thanked her for her honesty.”可知，雖然Isabel拒絕了這兩份工作，但是人事部經(jīng)理仍然欣賞她的坦率，并感謝她的誠(chéng)實(shí)；據(jù)此可知Isabel在尋找工作時(shí)誠(chéng)實(shí)待人是她最重要的品質(zhì)，故A項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)第二段第三句中的“it provided a lowstress environment, it offered great benefits, and the university was an employeefriendly place”可知，在大學(xué)做員工關(guān)系主管的工作薪酬高而且無(wú)壓力，但是Isabel仍然拒絕了，故B、C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，D項(xiàng)與題干無(wú)關(guān)。 4．The above text is most likely intended for the ________. A．director of HR B．librarian C．doctor D．a(chǎn)rtist 答案與解析：A　考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了Isabel拒絕人力資源總監(jiān)和大學(xué)員工關(guān)系主管兩份工作的經(jīng)歷和感想；據(jù)此可以判斷，人力資源總監(jiān)會(huì)從她的經(jīng)歷中得到啟示，故A項(xiàng)正確。 二、七選五 In the age of the keyboard，some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. Steve Graham，a literacy professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee，has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years.__1__ He said，“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.” Ninety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting.__2__ Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting.__3__ Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day. Many adults remember learning that way－by copying letters over and over again.__4__ Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas.__5__ Teachers monly report that about onefourth of their students has poor handwriting.Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of puters and voice recognition(識(shí)別) programs. A．After all，that is why we write. B．Nowadays teachers pay more and more attention to their students writing. C．So is it still being taught? D．But who cares if people know how to write well? E．But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. F．Todays thinking is that short periods of practices are better. G．He says some teachers teach handwriting for ten to fifteen minutes a day. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了在電腦時(shí)代，學(xué)校教授書(shū)法的現(xiàn)狀研究。 【難句分析】Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. 分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中不作句子成分；published是過(guò)去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾one study。 譯文：Graham教授說(shuō)今年發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大約3/4的老師說(shuō)他們不準(zhǔn)備教書(shū)法。 1．C　根據(jù)下文中的“it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”可知，空處應(yīng)表示對(duì)是否要教學(xué)生書(shū)法的疑問(wèn)，故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 2．E　根據(jù)上文中的“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”及空前一句可知，此處表示對(duì)研究結(jié)果的進(jìn)一步分析，故E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 3．G　根據(jù)下文中的“Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day”可知，此處表示一些老師教授書(shū)法的時(shí)間，所以G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 4．F　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處與上文的“Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again”形成對(duì)比，并與下文的“Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself”呼應(yīng)，此處講述的是學(xué)書(shū)法的方法的今昔差異，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 5．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處承接上文中的“Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas”，此處表示表達(dá)想法正是我們練習(xí)書(shū)法的原因，所以A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 三、短文改錯(cuò) Its not the people you came across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of a need.Its your family who will but its important to know that.It happens such often that we end up take our parents for granted.We hurt them many cases and they are treated with disrespect for not understanding them. Its necessary to understand the fact that there is always different in opinions across two generations.But what really matters is the unconditionally love and care that they hold for us，that I believe is truly valuable. 【答案】　 Its not the people you across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of need.Its your family who will its important to know that.It happens often that we end up our parents for granted.We hurt them many cases and they are treated with disrespect for not understanding . Its necessary to understand the fact that there is always in opinions across two generations.But what really matters is the love and care that they hold for us， I believe is truly valuable. 四、短文語(yǔ)法填空 I want to do something special for my 15yearold son, who has always been a perfect boy.He worked all summer to earn enough money to buy __1__ (he) a new racingbicycle instead of asking for money from me.Then he spent hours and hours on it.I loved my son so much __2__ I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves.When my son rode the racingbicycle with him, he looked very cool.He dreamed __3__ taking part in a race and winning. On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found __4__ beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card, __5__ (say), “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother.” I was surprised and then began to sob.I remembered once I __6__ (joke) to my family that I wanted to learn the guitar to make my life wonderful.I __7__ (forget) it, but my son remembered.He took it __8__ (serious), and bought me one as a birthday gift.When I wondered __9__ my son could buy this expensive gift, soon I realized that my son had sold his racingbicycle __10__ (get) me the guitar. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。兒子在暑期辛苦掙錢(qián)，買(mǎi)了他喜愛(ài)的賽車(chē)；在“我”生日時(shí)，他送給了“我”一把漂亮的吉他。后來(lái)“我”才知道，他用賣(mài)掉了心愛(ài)的賽車(chē)的錢(qián)給“我”買(mǎi)了這把吉他。 1．himself　根據(jù)本句的主語(yǔ)“He”可知，此處應(yīng)用he的反身代詞，指他整個(gè)夏天都在努力工作，以賺取足夠的錢(qián)給自己買(mǎi)一輛賽車(chē)。故填himself。 2．that　句意：我是如此愛(ài)我的兒子，以至于我給他買(mǎi)了一副太陽(yáng)鏡和一副手套。so ...that ...為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“如此……以至于”。故填that。 3．of　句意：他夢(mèng)想?yún)⒓颖荣惒⑶耀@勝。dream of doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“夢(mèng)想做某事”。 4．a(chǎn)　根據(jù)空格后的“guitar”可知，“我”在桌子上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一把漂亮的吉他；此處泛指“一把吉他”。故填a。 5．saying　此處指在吉他旁邊有一張卡片，上面寫(xiě)著“祝漂亮的媽媽生日快樂(lè)”；card和say之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填saying。 6．joked　根據(jù)該句中的“remembered”可知，該句陳述的是過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填joked。 7．had forgotten　根據(jù)該句中的“but my son remembered”可知，“我”的兒子記得這件事情；這件事情應(yīng)是在“我”兒子想起之前“我”已經(jīng)忘記了，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填had forgotten。 8．seriously　根據(jù)空格前的動(dòng)詞“took”可知，空格處修飾該動(dòng)詞，故用副詞seriously，此外take sth.seriously為固定搭配。 9．how　空格處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，指當(dāng)“我”想知道兒子是怎樣買(mǎi)到這把昂貴的吉他的時(shí)候。故用how引導(dǎo)該賓語(yǔ)從句。 10．to get　兒子賣(mài)掉了他的賽車(chē)，給“我”買(mǎi)了這把吉他。空格處作目的狀語(yǔ)，故用動(dòng)詞不定式。故填to get。