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2 Working the land ***閱讀理解。 Those who claim bananas are fattening argue that bananas cause the body to make lots of insulin(胰島素), and insulin causes fat growth. How much insulin we produce is related to how fast food bees sugar in our bloodstream. How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指數(shù)), or GI rating tells us. Foods with GI scores above 75 are considered highGI foods, leading to faster sugar development. Bananas have a GI of 62, which is considered low. Weight loss can be a struggle for anyone, but it is especially hard for diabetics(糖尿病患者). A study looked at how the starch from unripe bananas affected the weight of a group of obese diabetics. After four weeks of a diet high in bananas, diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet. They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet. What’s more, bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes, diabetes and cancers.(Bananas are the most powerful fruit for lowering the risk of kidney cancer.) Bananas are also a rich source of fiber, which has been shown to help weight loss. Bananas that still have some green on the skin are even higher in fiber. Skins from green bananas can be taken and, after removing the stem and dark tip, cut into small pieces 2－3 inches long and 1/2 inch wide. These pieces can be made into a tea or added to a dish. When you eat the skins, be sure you are eating organic bananas. The flesh of regular bananas is low in pesticides, but the skins are not. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文反駁了“吃香蕉會使人發(fā)胖”這一錯誤觀點(diǎn)，告訴大家香蕉不會使身體分泌很多胰島素而導(dǎo)致脂肪增加，相反，香蕉對身體健康有著諸多好處。 1．What conclusion can we draw from Paragraphs 1 & 2? A．Bananas are likely to make people fat. B．Insulin determines the amount of sugar. C．LowGI foods can turn into sugar more slowly. D．The faster the food bees sugar, the less insulin. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指數(shù))．..faster sugar development.”可知，血糖指數(shù)高的食物往往能更快地轉(zhuǎn)化成糖分，反之，血糖指數(shù)低的食物轉(zhuǎn)化成糖分的速度較慢。故選C。 2．What does the author say about bananas? A．Including bananas in diets is good for health. B．Bananas can cure people suffering kidney cancer. C．Eating organic bananas can protect people from strokes. D．Bananas’ abundant fiber improves insulin sensitivity. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“...diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet. They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet.”及第四段的“bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes, diabetes and cancers...weight loss.”可知，香蕉可以幫助人們減肥，也能降低人們患中風(fēng)、糖尿病及癌癥的風(fēng)險，由此可得出這樣的結(jié)論：將香蕉列入日常飲食對人們的健康有益，故選A。 3．What is discussed in the last paragraph? A．The use of banana skins. B．The benefits of banana skins. C．The importance of banana skins. D．The ways of choosing organic bananas. A　解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容尤其是“can be made into a tea or added to a dish”可知，本段主要講的是香蕉皮的用途。故選A。 4．In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Education.　　　　 B．Health. C．Culture. D．Science. B　解析：推理判斷題?？v觀全文可知，香蕉不僅有助于減肥，還能降低人們患中風(fēng)、糖尿病及癌癥的風(fēng)險，而且香蕉皮也有用處。由此可知，本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的健康專欄。故選B。 ***語法填空。 Anyone who has had a longterm disease knows that recovering at home can be lonely. This can be __1__ (especial) true of children. They may feel __2__ (leave) out. Now, these children may have a hightech friend to help feel less lonely. A small robot may help children who are recovering from a longterm __3__ (ill). The robot like human beings takes their place at school. And their school friends must help carry the robot between classes and place the robot on their desks. Through the robot, a child can hear his or her teachers and friends. He or she can also attend classes from wherever they are recovering—whether at home __4__ from a hospital bed. Dolva, one of the scientists who __5__ (be) concentrating on developing the robot, explains __6__ the robot AV1 works. She says from home, the child uses a tablet or phone to start the robot. __7__ (use) the same device, he or she can control the robots movements. Inside the robot, there is a small puter linked __8__ a 4G network. The robot is __9__ (equip) with speakers, microphones and cameras, which makes municating __10__ (easy). So its the eyes and the ears and the voices at school. Hopefully AV1 will help some children feel less lonely while they are absent from class. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。病人由于長期患病在家，可能會感覺很孤獨(dú)，對于孩子更是如此。本文介紹了一種機(jī)器人，可以幫助患病的孩子減少孤獨(dú)感。 1．especially　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處修飾形容詞true，要用副詞，故填especially。 2．left　考查非謂語動詞。leave out表示“遺漏；忽略”，與主語they構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作表語。故填left。 3．illness　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。longterm為形容詞，意為“長期的”，后應(yīng)接名詞。故填illness。 4．or　考查連詞。根據(jù)句中的whether可知應(yīng)填or，whether ... or ... 為固定搭配，“無論……還是……”。 5．a(chǎn)re　考查主謂一致和動詞的時態(tài)。本句中，who引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為the scientists，故從句謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；全文客觀地介紹一種機(jī)器人，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填are。 6．how　考查賓語從句的連接詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作explains的賓語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中缺少狀語，表“方式”，故用how連接該從句。 7．Using　考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語can control，因此，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞；use與其邏輯主語he or she之間為主動關(guān)系，且非謂語動詞在句中作方式狀語。故填Using。 8．to/with　考查介詞。be linked to/with ... 為固定搭配，“與……連接”。故填to/with。 9．equipped　考查動詞的語態(tài)。be equipped with ... 為固定搭配，“裝配有……”。故填equipped。 10．easier　考查形容詞的比較級。設(shè)空處在定語從句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語，而且本句暗含比較意義，應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級。故填easier。 ***完形填空。 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項。 I was a shy kid.Nothing seemed harder than talking to people.I didnt even like to answer the phone for fear that Id have to talk to somebody I didnt know. __1__ ，at school I had to spend all day in the pany of others.My __2__ was studying.It was something I could do __3__ and by myself.I spent a lot of time studying and was __4__ with good grades. Eventually I went to college.I came to realize that some people were rather fun to __5__ with.Yet my childhood __6__ carried over and I found myself tonguetied and __7__ whenever I found myself in a conversation. One day while on campus，I __8__ an advertisement for a position on the local classical music __9__ station.I had grown up listening to classical music，and I loved it. In order to get the job，applicants needed to be interviewed.I had absolutely no background in radio，and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__ me.I didnt really want the job.I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a(n) __11__. Two weeks __12__ ，I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job. It was a __13__ job，but I grew to enjoy it.I announced music to thousands of __14__ in the city，sometimes answering their calls and __15__ to their requests.I began to feel fortable talking to these people，these strangers who I couldnt even __16__. Although I now spend much time talking with people，Im still basically a __17__ person.My former shyness is a gift，as I can __18__ people who feel disfort when they talk to strangers.I still enjoy moments of being __19__.But Im also glad I decided to make a __20__ in my life that had opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed. 1．A.However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Besides 2．A.advice B．practice C．task D．escape 3．A.obviously B．simply C．quietly D．poorly 4．A.filled B．rewarded C．decorated D．faced 5．A.help out B．catch up C．put up D．hang out 6．A.happiness B．shyness C．kindness D．goodness 7．A.excited B．a(chǎn)stonished C．embarrassed D．interested 8．A.noticed B．posted C．realized D．believed 9．A.fire B．gas C．TV D．radio 10．A.terrified B．pleased C．satisfied D．a(chǎn)mazed 11．A.child B．singer C．interviewer D．a(chǎn)pplicant 12．A.ago B．later C．before D．since 13．A.wellpaid B．puzzling C．fortable D．challenging 14．A.listeners B．followers C．viewers D．dancers 15．A.referring B．responding C．offering D．paring 16．A.feel B．move C．hear D．see 17．A.busy B．warm C．quiet D．smart 18．A.look into B．relate to C．bine with D．worry with 19．A.alone B．a(chǎn)live C．a(chǎn)ctive D．a(chǎn)wake 20．A.plan B．mistake C．change D．dream 【解題導(dǎo)語】該文主要講述了害羞的作者通過應(yīng)聘電臺工作而實現(xiàn)自我突破的故事。 1．A　根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。然而，作者在學(xué)校里不得不和同學(xué)們相處。 2．D　根據(jù)上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，害羞的作者在學(xué)校用學(xué)習(xí)來逃避與人交流。 3．C　與語境“by myself”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者一個人安安靜靜地做功課。 4．B　與語境“with good grades”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者在學(xué)習(xí)上的付出得到了豐厚的回報，成績突出。 5．D　由“Eventually”的提示可推知，作者最終意識到了和朋友相處是有趣的。hang out“常去某處”。 6．B　根據(jù)上文的“I was a shy kid”并結(jié)合“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，作者童年時代的害羞個性還存在。 7．C　根據(jù)“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，和他人交流時溝通不順暢是令人尷尬的。 8．A　根據(jù)語境可知，作者在校園里注意到了一則讓他感興趣的廣告。 9．D　根據(jù)下文的“I had absolutely no background in radio”可推知，這是一則電臺的招募廣告。 10．A　根據(jù)“I had absolutely no background in radio”并結(jié)合下文的“I didnt really want the job”可推知，作者因自己沒有廣播方面的背景而打退堂鼓，與下文的“I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job”呼應(yīng)。 11．C　作者害怕與成千上萬的聽眾交流，只想證明自己能夠和面試官交談。 12．B　根據(jù)語境可推知，時間已經(jīng)過去了兩周。 13．D　根據(jù)上文可知，這項工作需要與成千上萬的聽眾交流，這對作者來說有一定的挑戰(zhàn)性，且與語境“but I grew to enjoy it”形成呼應(yīng)。 14．A　與上文的“and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__ me”呼應(yīng)可推知，此處表示作者給聽眾播放音樂。 15．B　與語境“answering their calls”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者回應(yīng)聽眾的要求。 16．D　根據(jù)上文可知，作者應(yīng)聘的是電臺工作，和聽眾們基本上是不見面的。 17．C　根據(jù)“still”的提示并結(jié)合上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，作者盡管現(xiàn)在花費(fèi)很多時間和人們交流，但是本質(zhì)上還是一個不多說話的人，與下文的“My former shyness is a gift”呼應(yīng)。 18．B　結(jié)合“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者能夠理解那些和他相同的人。relate to“理解，認(rèn)同”。 19．A　根據(jù)上文的“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者仍舊喜歡獨(dú)處。 20．C　根據(jù)語境可推知，作者通過做電臺工作有了重大改變，從而人生有了更多的可能性。 ***短文改錯。 Mistakes are unavoidable in life. But attitudes towards it may make a difference. I still remember how my spoken English was improved. In a beginning, I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid make mistakes.Before long my teacher got to know about my situation.He encouraged me to speak out that I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging, my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must avoid them.I also joined in an English club to get more chances to speak. Practice made perfect. Now I can talk fluent in English. Just as the saying goes, “Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes. Learn from mistakes, and success is just waiting for us. 答案： Mistakes are unavoidable in life. But attitudes towards may make a difference. I still remember how my spoken English was improved. In beginning, I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid mistakes.Before long my teacher got to know about my situation.He encouraged me to speak out I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt ， my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I avoid them.I also joined an English club to get more chances to speak. Practice perfect. Now I can talk in English. Just as the saying goes, “Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes. Learn from mistakes, and success is just waiting for us. 難項分析： 第四處：that→what　考查賓語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，what既作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，也作從句中及物動詞thought的賓語，而that在賓語從句中不作成分，故將that改為what。 第六處：must→could　考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，該句表示“幫我弄明白怎樣才能避免這些錯誤”，作者回顧提高英語口語的過程，是過去發(fā)生的行為，故用could do sth.。 第十處：afraid前加be　考查祈使句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為祈使句，afraid為形容詞，故afraid前加動詞原形be。 ***