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寒假訓(xùn)練08 Unit 3 A healthy life 一、單詞拼寫 1.More and more people cannot bear the s of modern life. 2.After the accident,he was （禁止）from driving alone. 3.He q smoking,and talked something to the person next to him. 4.This heating system has an （自動的）temperature control. 5.I am a （使習(xí)慣于）to taking a walk after supper. 6.He has been brought in to （加強）the defence. 7.At one time,she is fine,but at another,she is a （異常的）. 8.As for you,you ought to be （慚愧的）of yourself. 9.They think this is an a （濫用）of power. 10.In the long run,working regularly has a good （效力）on our health. 二、完成句子 1.人們在夏天想早早起床。 People______________________ in summer. 2.下次你到上海來，我要帶你四處走走。 Next time_____________________,I’ll show you around. 3.含酒精的飲料可能對你的身體有不好的影響。 Alcoholic drinks can _________________________ your body. 4.他從童年以來就習(xí)慣了大山里的生活。 He _________________________ in the mountains since his childhood. 5.這男孩迷上了電腦游戲。 The boy___________________ computer games. 三、單項選擇 16.It has exposed that some government leaders their authorities and privileges to get profits for themselves. A.employ B.exploit C.abuse D.absorb 17.After the deadly stampede（踩踏）in Shanghai，we can’t the importance of safety in public places too much,particularly during holidays. A.stress B.press C.impress D. possess 18. It may well be the ability to use languages that distinguishes humans,setting them __________ other animals. A.along with B.rather than C.due to D.apart from 19.Justice Department investigators say they will be a broader investigation into the practices of the police department. A.accustomed to B.taking up C.committing to D.embarking on 20. Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health. A.of;at B.of;on C.by;in D.on;at 21. —Do you feel like there or shall we take a bus？ —I’d like to walk.But since there isn’t much time left，I’d rather we a taxi. A.walking;hired B.walking;hire C.to walk;hired D.to walk;hire 22. If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may easily get . A. ashamed B. annoyed C. confused D. embarrassed 23.We have made clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office. A.this B.that C.it D.one 24.As we all know,is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A.this B.that C.there D.it 25. This nationwide smog should serve as a reminder to all,indicating a high time that we________on what we’ve done to the environment. A.have reflected B.are reflecting C.will reflect D.reflected 四、語法填空 【2018年高考全國卷Ⅰ】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __26___(long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long __27__(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___28___ (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it ___29___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___30___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___31___showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___32___(cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to___33___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it’s always___34___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___35___a try. 五、短文改錯 【湖南省岳陽市第一中學(xué)2019屆高三上學(xué)期第二次質(zhì)檢】I’ve been playing volleyball before three years ago. It started when teacher set up a volleyball club in our school, hope that more students would take part in the sport and keep fit. The club was very popular that many students signed up for it. To be honesty, at that time I just followed them without thinking too much. We practiced together on every Saturday morning. However, some of the students soon begin to get bored and dropped out of the club. So I found I was quite enjoying it and we carried on. After training for some time, I was selected for the school team. How exciting and proud I was. 五、書面表達(dá) 【湖南省邵陽市2017屆高三第二次大聯(lián)考】假定你是李華，你班上最近轉(zhuǎn)來一位身材肥胖的新生，很多同學(xué)都嘲笑他。這讓你感到非常氣憤，但又無計可施。就此請你用英語寫封郵件給你的網(wǎng)友Tom求助，內(nèi)容要點包括： 1.簡略介紹該情況； 2.表達(dá)你對該事的看法； 3.征求Tom的建議。 注意： 1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計人總詞數(shù)。 Dear Tom, How are you going? I miss you very much. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua  寒假訓(xùn)練08 Unit 3 A healthy life 一、單詞拼寫 【答案】 1.stress 2.banned 3.quit 4.automatic 5.accustomed 6.strengthen 7.abnormal 8.ashamed 9.abuse 10.effect 二、完成句子 【答案】 11. feel like getting up early 12. you come to Shanghai 13. have a bad effect on 14. has been accustomed to the life 15. is addicted to 三、單項選擇 16.【答案】C 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。語境表示“一些政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)濫用他們的職權(quán)和特權(quán)為他們自己謀取利益”，故用abuse“濫用”。employ“雇傭”；exploit “開發(fā)”；absorb“吸收”。 17.【答案】A 【解析】考查動詞辨析。stress強調(diào)；press壓，按；impress給某人留下深刻印象；possess擁有。stress the importance of強調(diào)...的重要性。 18.【答案】D 【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。along with 和...一道；rather than而不是；due to因為；apart from除...之外（還有...）。句意：使用語言的能力將人們和動物區(qū)分開來。set A apart from B意為“使A與B區(qū)別開”。故結(jié)合句意，D選項切題。 19.【答案】D 【解析】考查動詞短語。根據(jù)句意“司法部調(diào)查人員說他們將開始（embark on著手，開始做某事）對警察部門的做法進(jìn)行廣泛的調(diào)查。”可知D項符合語境之意。be accustomed to習(xí)慣于；takeup占用，開始從事（以前從未做過的事）；commit to 把...送交，對...作出承諾。故選D。 20.【答案】B 【解析】考查介詞。be convinced of sth.指“對某事確信”；effect on sth.表示“對于...的影響”，用介詞on。句意：科學(xué)家們堅信笑對身心健康有積極影響。故選B。 21.【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語動詞和虛擬語氣。句意：你想步行去那兒，還是我們乘公交車去？——我想步行。但是既然沒有多少時間了，我們就租一輛出租車吧。上文中l(wèi)ike用作介詞，后面接動名詞作賓語。feel like doing sth.想要做某事（現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?。下文中would rather后面接從句時，從句中要用虛擬語氣，一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。 22.【答案】C 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ashamed羞愧的；annoyed煩惱的；confused困惑的；embarrassed尷尬的。句意：如果你一次試圖學(xué)太多的東西，你也許容易變得困感。故選C。 23. 【答案】C 【解析】考查it的用法。句意：我們已經(jīng)明確表示強烈反對在辦公室吸煙。it作形式賓語，“that we are strongly against smoking in the office”為真正的賓語。 24.【答案】D 【解析】考查it的用法。句中it作形式主語，真正的主語是不定式短語“to keep order in an important football match”，不定式短語的邏輯主語是the police。 25.【答案】D 【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：全球范圍的霧霾應(yīng)該對所有的人是個提醒，表明是我們該反思我們對環(huán)境做了什么的時候了?！癐t’s high time that從句”為固定句式，意為“到了做某事的時間了”，that從句中用一般過去式或（should）do。故選D。 四、語法填空 【答案】 26.longer 27. to see 28.dying 29. is 30.than 31.that \which 32.causes 33. strength 34.energetic 35.it \running 【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了跑步的好處，它可以幫助人們延年益壽。 26. 考查副詞的比較級。醫(yī)學(xué)報告顯示：經(jīng)常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根據(jù)than可知用比較級，故填longer。 27. 考查不定式作目的狀語。你不必跑太快或跑太久就能看到它的好處。此處不定式作目的狀語，故填to see。 28. 考查動名詞。你也許喝酒、吸煙或超重，但仍然可以通過跑步會減少早亡的風(fēng)險。此處of是介詞，其后用動名詞。故填dying。 29. 考查動詞的時態(tài)。醫(yī)學(xué)報告顯示：跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長壽命。這里敘述的是一個事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填is。 30. 考查比較句型。跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長壽命。根據(jù)文章中的more effective可知此處填than。 31. 考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。此處a study是先行詞，其在定語從句中作主語，故填that或which。 32. 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。一項研究表明，僅僅每天5到10分鐘的跑步，就能減少各種原因的心臟病和早亡。根據(jù)句意用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填causes。 33. 考查詞形變化。鍛煉以增強你腿部肌肉。此處to是不定式符合，其后用動詞原形。故填strengthen。 34. 考查詞形變化。跑步總是讓人充滿活力的。根據(jù)it’s可知，系動詞后用形容詞作表語。故填energetic。 35. 考查代詞或名詞的用法。我們都應(yīng)該試試跑步。此處give it a try意為：試試。此處it指代running。故填it或running。 點睛：本文比較難的一個題是35題。短語give it a try不容易想出來。give a try試試。give sb. sth.； give sth. to sb.這些短語學(xué)生都很清楚。但give后加it或sth.的形式，比較少見。高考復(fù)習(xí)要盡可能多的復(fù)習(xí)相關(guān)的短語，尤其是用的比較多，而課本中出現(xiàn)較少的短語。 五、短文改錯 【答案】 36. before 改為 since 37. teacher 前加 a 38. hope 改為 hoping 39. very 改為 so 40. honesty 改為 honest 41. on 去掉 42. begin 改為 began 43. So 改為 But 44. we 改為 I 45. exciting 改為 excited 【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了喜歡打排球的原因和故事經(jīng)過。 36.考查介詞。句意：自從三年前我就一直打排球。句子是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)，后面不能跟過去的時間點，要和一段時間連用，故把before 改為 since。since three years ago自從三年前。 37.考查不定冠詞。句意：它開始于一個老師在我們學(xué)校建立了一個排球俱樂部，希望更多的學(xué)生參加這項運動，保持健康。此處表示泛指，結(jié)合句意可知在teacher 前加 a。 38.考查現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語。句意：它開始于一個老師在我們學(xué)校建立了一個排球俱樂部，希望更多的學(xué)生參加這項運動，保持健康。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語，故把hope 改為 hoping。 39.考查so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。句意：這個俱樂部很受歡迎，許多學(xué)生都報名參加了。此處是so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，故把very改成so。 40.考查獨立成分。To be honest“誠實地說”，故把honesty 改為 honest。 41.考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們每個星期六早上一起練習(xí)。every Saturday morning“在每個星期六”本身就含有“在”的意思，所以on是多余的，故把on去掉。 42.考查時態(tài)。句意：然而，一些學(xué)生很快就厭倦了，退出了俱樂部。此處指已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時態(tài)，故把begin 改為 began。 43.考查并列連詞。句意：但我發(fā)現(xiàn)我很享受它，我繼續(xù)練習(xí)。與上句是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故把So 改為 But。 44.考查人稱代詞。句意：但我發(fā)現(xiàn)我很享受它，我繼續(xù)練習(xí)。結(jié)合句意，故把we 改為I。 45.考查過去分詞。句意：我是多么的興奮和自豪。此處表示“感到興奮”，故把exciting 改為 excited。 五、書面表達(dá) 【答案】 Dear Tom, How are you going? I miss you very much. I feel very depressed now because there is an annoying thing that discourages me. There is a new classmate who is very fat coming to my class. Many classmates laugh at him just because of his weight, which makes me angry. In my opinion, looking down on the newcomer is a foolish behavior, and it makes themselves look like a fool. As a result, the relationship between classmates must be broken. Unluckily, I have no idea to solve the problem. So I hope you can give me some suggestions. I will appreciate it if you can help me get out of the trouble. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用類作文，是一封郵件。 第1步：根據(jù)提示可知，假定你是李華，你班上最近轉(zhuǎn)來一位身材肥胖的新生，很多同學(xué)都嘲笑他。這讓你感到非常氣憤，但又無計可施。就此請你用英語寫封郵件給你的網(wǎng)友Tom求助。人稱為第一人稱，時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時。 第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞（組），如：depressed沮喪的，annoying惱人的，discourage氣餒，laugh at嘲笑，because of因為，look down on看不起，behavior行為，look like看起來像，As a result結(jié)果，relationship關(guān)系，appreciate感激，get out of擺脫。 第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。 第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。