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Unit 1 一、詞匯復習 （一）單句語法填空 1． He must have sensed that I ________(look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？” 答案：was looking　題干中沒有出現(xiàn)具體的時間狀語，可以從意義上去把握。此句在意義上應該用進行時，又根據(jù)此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是過去進行時。句意：他一定感覺到我在看著他。他突然看向我然后輕聲問道：“你為什么一直那樣盯著我看？” 2．(2015湖南，32改編)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but________(hold)back thankfully by the shop window. 答案：was held　被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)變化只改變be的形式，過去分詞部分不變。hold back“阻隔，隱瞞”。句意：我非常想進去玩玩具，但是我幸好被櫥窗阻隔了。根據(jù)句意，此句含有被動語態(tài)在里面，hold back要用被動語態(tài)。 3．(2015四川，4改編)More expressways________(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. 答案：will be built　根據(jù)題干中的時間狀語soon可知，用將來時。expressways與build為被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)。句意：四川不久將建設(shè)更多的高速公路以促進當?shù)亟?jīng)濟的發(fā)展。 4．(2015重慶，1改編)—Is Peter ing？ —No，he ______(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. 答案：changed　句意：——Peter來嗎？——沒有，剛才接到一個電話后改變主意了。根據(jù)at the last minute發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。 5．(2015重慶，13改編)In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ______(be) cut. 答案：has been　表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成用現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：在我的家鄉(xiāng)，收麥過后農(nóng)民會舉行一個豐收晚宴。 （二）英漢互譯 1. realistic adj. __________ 2. Abstract adj. n. __________ 3. sculpture n. __________ 4. △sculptor n. __________ 5. gallery n. __________ 6. faith n. __________ 7. faithfully adv. __________ 8. △consequently adv. __________ 9. aim n. vi. & vt. __________ 10. conventional adj. __________ 11. typical adj. __________ 12. evident adj. __________ 13. △Giotto di Bondone __________ 14. △renaissance n. __________ 15. △the Renaissance__________ 16. adopt vt. __________ 17. △humanistic adj. __________ 18. possess vt. __________ 19. possession n. __________ 20. superb adj. __________ 21. △perspective n. __________ 22. technique n. __________ 23. △Masaccio __________ 24. coincidence n. __________ 25. by coincidence __________ 26. △masterpiece n. __________ 27. △impressionism n. __________ 28. △impressionist adj. n. __________ 29. post-impressionist adj. n. __________ 30. a great deal __________ 31. shadow n__________. 32. ridiculous adj. __________ 33. controversial adj. __________ 34. attempt n. vt. __________ 35. on the other hand __________ 36. predict vt. __________ 37. △landscape n. __________ 38. specific adj. __________ 39. figure n. __________ 40. clay n. __________ 41. △critic n. __________ 42. △bronze n. __________ 43. marble n. __________ 44. △Mona Lisa __________ 45. △Leonardo da Vinci __________ 46. carve vt. __________ 47. delicate adj. __________ 48. △Michelangelo __________ 49. △canvas n. __________ 50. △Picasso __________ 51. caf n. __________ 52. allergic __________ 53. △effectively adv. __________ 54. exhibition n. __________ 55. aggressive adj. __________ 56. scholar n. __________ 57. flesh n. __________ 58. in the flesh __________ 59. △Matisse __________ 60. geometry n. __________ 61. bunch n. __________ 62. Manhattan n. __________ 63. avenue n. __________ 64. preference n. __________ 65. △Guggenheim Museum __________ 66. △display vt. __________ 67. appeal vi. Vt.. n. __________ 68. appeal to __________ 69. fragile adj. __________ 70. △circular adj. __________ 71. △metropolitan adj. __________ 72. reputation n. __________ 73. civilization n. __________ 74. Egypt n. __________ 75. Egyptian adj. __________ 76. visual adj. __________ 77. fragrant adj. __________ 78. △Monet __________ 79. △Whitney __________ 80. △Madison n. __________ 81. contemporary adj. __________ 82. permanent adj. __________ 83. district n. __________ 84. mittee n. __________ 85、signature n. __________ 二、閱讀理解 A A business school in Paris will soon begin using artificial intelligence and facial analysis to determine whether students are paying attention in class. The software, called Nestor, is used in two online classes at the ESG business school beginning in September. The idea, according to LCA founder Marcel Saucet, is to use the data that Nestor collects to improve the performance of both students and professors. The software uses students webcams（網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像機）to analyze eye movements and facial expressions and determine whether students are paying attention to a video lecture. It then formulates quizzes based on the content covered during moments of inattentiveness. Professors would also be able to identify moments when students’ attention declined, which could help to improve their teaching, Saucet says. Advocates for AI in education say that the software is actually unable to teach a course, but the technology could be used as a digital tutor that would adapt to a student’s individual needs, and help develop more effective studying habits. Such software could also help teachers by providing feedback on the effectiveness of their teaching, advocates say. Saucet says Nestor won’t store any of the video footage it gets and that his pany has no plans to sell any other data the software collects. In addition to facial recognition and analysis, the software can integrate（合并）with students’ calendars to suggest possible study times, and track their online behavior to pick up on patterns. Rose Luckin, a professor at the University College London Knowledge Lab, says AI could unlock the “black box of learning” by providing information on how and when learning happens. Luckin says a program like Nestor could be useful for students who take classes remotely, since “there isn’t a human there watching them.” And while some are concerned that AI may one day replace teachers, Luckin sees the technology more as an assistant, rather than a replacement. Saucet agrees. “Human contact is not going to go away,” he says. “There will always be professors.” 1.How does Nestor work to find out when students aren’t paying attention? A. By collecting the data of students’ performance in different classes. B. By collecting the students’ grades in the quizzes. C. By shooting and analyzing students’ eye movements and facial expressions.. D. By identifying moments when students’ attention declined. 2.Which is the benefit of AI education? A. It could be used exactly to replace a tutor. B. It helps student to develop more effective studying habits. C. The software is able to satisfy the requirement of a course. D. It could help teachers to give feedback on students’ performance.. 3.How does Nestor deal with the information collected from students? A. Nestor will use it to suggest possible study time to students’ schedule. B. It won’t store any video footage but facial expression. C. The pany hasn’t expected to make profits by selling the data to other corporations.. D. Nestor will use it to keep track online of students’ behavior and punish them. 4.What is Rose Luckin’s attitude towards the replacement of teachers with AI? A. Objective. B. Approving. C. Indifferent. D. Opposed. 【文章大意】本文介紹新的軟件Nestor。它通過對學生眼球運動和面部表情的拍攝和分析來判斷學生是否注意力集中。這種軟件只對教學其輔助作用并不能替代老師。 2.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Advocates for AI in education say that the software is actually unable to teach a course, but the technology could be used as a digital tutor that would adapt to a student’s individual needs, and help develop more effective studying habits.可知AI education幫助學生養(yǎng)成更有效的學習習慣。故選B。 4.D 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中And while some are concerned that AI may one day replace teachers, Luckin sees the technology more as an assistant, rather than a replacement. Saucet agrees.可知Rose Luckin’對AI成為老師的替代品持反對意見。故選D。 B In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who don’t. About 65% of American men aged 62－74 with a professional degree are in the workforce(勞動人口), pared with 32% of men who only finish high school. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the welleducated wealthy and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the ines of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound. The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(長壽) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift(變化) will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling(漸增的) ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems. Policies are partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Even the betteroff must work longer to have a fortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap(獲得) rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding(先前的) generation. Technological change may well reinforce(強化) that shift: the skills that plement(補充) puters, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age. 【解題導語】　本文主要講述了在發(fā)達國家有專業(yè)技能的人的工作年限更長及其原因分析。 1．What is the mon phenomenon in the workforce in rich countries? A．Younger people are replacing the elderly. B．Welleducated people tend to work longer. C．People with no college degree cannot find any job. D．Unemployment rates are decreasing year after year. B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的第一句“In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who don’t.”可知，在發(fā)達國家，受過良好教育的人的工作年限更長，故選B。 2．In view of the experience of the 20th century, many observers predict that ． A．economic growth will slow down B．government budgets will decrease C．more people will try to receive higher education D．there will be more petition in the job market A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(長壽) ... pensioners will create government budget problems.”可知，選A。 3．According to the text, what is the result of policy changes in European countries? A．Unskilled workers may choose to retire early. B．More and more people have to go abroad to hunt for jobs. C．People may be able to use puters to do more plicated work. D．Even wealthy people must work longer to live fortably in retirement. D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第三句“Even the betteroff must work longer to have a fortable retirement.”可知，歐洲國家政策的變化導致富有的人也必須工作更長時間才能過上舒服的退休生活，故選D。 4．The underlined word “knowhow” in the last paragraph probably refers to “ ”． A．a(chǎn) pletely different environment B．practical knowledge and technical skills C．a(chǎn) better understanding of policy changes D．the courage to face difficulties and dangers B　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Technological change may well reinforce(強化) that shift: the skills that plement(補充) puters, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.”可知，knowhow是對skills的限定修飾，由此可推知，knowhow指相應的技能和知識，故選B。 三、七選五 Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 　 1 　But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 　 2 　This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. 　 3 　Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 　 4 　When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one. There are many mon methods used to cook fish. 　 5 　First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (調(diào)料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve. A. Do not buy it. B. The easiest is to steam it. C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. E. The fish will go bad within hours. F. When buying fish, you should first smell it. G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 【語篇解讀】本文向大家介紹了如何用簡單的方法購買和烹制魚。 1.G 【解析】考查與首句語意的一致性。由空后的句意表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，轉(zhuǎn)折前的句子在語意上應該保持一致，即說明吃魚對健康的益處。故選G。 2.D 【解析】考查句子的承上啟下作用?？涨耙痪涮岬綄︳~的選購、儲存和烹制并不困難，空后一句講本文是關(guān)于如何以一種簡單的方式購買和烹制魚的，故選D＂這只需要一點點知識就能做好＂。 3.F 【解析】考查主題句。段落的支撐細節(jié)始終圍繞主題句展開，本段中第二、三句圍繞如何通過嗅覺來鑒別魚是否新鮮，因此可以判斷F項正確。 4.A 【解析】考查段落中句子間語意的連貫性和代詞的正確使用。空前提到，濃烈的氣味說明魚已不新鮮，故不能買這種魚。據(jù)此可知A項正確。