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Unit 16 Stories (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．vivid adj.　　　　　　　　 生動(dòng)的，逼真的 2．dizzy adj. 頭暈?zāi)垦５? 3．princess n. 　　 [縱聯(lián)1] 公主，王妃 4．a(chǎn)wesome adj. 令人敬畏的 5．a(chǎn)uthentic adj. 原作的；真正的 6．characteristic adj. 典型的 7．uncertain adj. 不確定的 8．precious adj. 　 [縱聯(lián)2] 寶貴的，珍貴的 9．precise adj. 準(zhǔn)確的，精確的 10．stubborn adj. 倔強(qiáng)的，固執(zhí)的 11．a(chǎn)wkward adj. 笨拙的；令人不舒服的 12．monument n. 紀(jì)念碑，紀(jì)念堂 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形 1．tiresome adj. 　[縱聯(lián)3] 討厭的，令人厭倦的 2．specific adj. 詳細(xì)的；特定的 3．tremble vi. 顫抖，發(fā)抖 4．loss n. 遺失，丟失 5．plex adj. 復(fù)雜的 6．tense adj. 緊張的 7．breakthrough n. [縱聯(lián)4] 突破，重大發(fā)現(xiàn) 8．a(chǎn)bandon vt. 放棄，遺棄 9．preserve vt. 保護(hù)，保存 10．witness v. 目擊 11．occur vi. 發(fā)生 12．gather v. 聚集 13．sympathy vi. & vt. 同情 14．burst vi. 爆炸；沖，闖 15．eager adj. 渴望的，熱衷的 16．warmth n. 溫暖 17．severe_adj. 嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的 18._apparent adj. 明顯的，顯而易見的 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．musical adj.音樂的 n．音樂劇，音樂片→music n．音樂→musician n．音樂家 2．a(chǎn)bnormal adj.反常的，不正常的→normal adj.正常的；通常的 3．a(chǎn)dmirable adj.令人欽佩的→admire vt.尊敬；欽佩→admiration n．尊敬；欽佩 4．significance n．重要性；意義→significant adj.重大的；有重要意義的 5．origin n．起源，開端；出身→original adj.最初的；起先的 6．restriction n．限制，約束→restrict vt.限制，約束 7．particularly adv.特別地；特定地→particular adj.特別的；挑剔的 8．unbearable adj.不能忍受的→bearable adj.可忍受的→bear v．忍耐 9. discourage vt.使泄氣，使灰心→discouraged adj.氣餒的，泄氣的→courage n．勇氣→encourage vt.鼓勵(lì) 10．suffering n．痛苦，困難→suffer v．遭受 11．imitation n．模仿→imitate_ v．模仿，仿效 12．gradual adj.逐漸的→gradually adv.逐漸地 縱聯(lián)1.后綴“ess”高頻名詞 ①actress女演員 ②waitress女服務(wù)員 ③governess女家庭教師 ④tailoress女裁縫 ⑤conductress女售票員 ⑥hostess女主人 ⑦princess公主，王妃 縱聯(lián)2.“價(jià)值”形容詞知多少 ①precious寶貴的 ②valuable有價(jià)值的 ③worth有……價(jià)值的 ④worthy有價(jià)值的 ⑤priceless無價(jià)的 ⑥worthless/valueless無價(jià)值的 縱聯(lián)3.后綴“some”形容詞集錦 ①troublesome引起麻煩的 ②handsome英俊的 ③awesome令人敬畏的 ④boresome煩人的 ⑤fearsome可怕的 ⑥tiresome討厭的 縱聯(lián)4.趣味“合成詞”薈萃 ①breakthrough n．突破 ②pickpocket n．扒手 ③daybreak n．破曉 ④sunrise n．日出 ⑤bathroom n．浴室 ⑥webpage n．網(wǎng)頁(yè) 單元話題——?dú)v史故事 子話題1　歷史名人 ①Tsu ChungChi祖沖之 ②Marx馬克思 ③Newton牛頓 ④Mark Twain馬克吐溫 ⑤Shakespeare莎士比亞 ⑥Clinton克林頓 ⑦Zidane齊達(dá)內(nèi) ⑧Ronaldo羅納爾多 子話題2　歷史事件 ①Assassination at Sarajevo 拉熱窩事件 ②Meiji Restoration 治維新 ③French Revolution 國(guó)大革命 ④Enclosure Movement 地運(yùn)動(dòng) ⑤Industrial Revolution 業(yè)革命 ⑥Battle of Waterloo 鐵盧戰(zhàn)役 ⑦Iron and Blood 血政策 ⑧The Age of Steam 汽時(shí)代 子話題3　組織名稱 ①National assembly 民議會(huì) ②the Anglican Church 國(guó)國(guó)教 ③mune of Paris 黎公社 ④First International 一國(guó)際 ⑤International Workingmens Association國(guó)際工人協(xié)會(huì) ⑥munist League 產(chǎn)主義者同盟 [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ閱讀C)Some of the worlds most famous musicians? recently gathered? in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its 　?　 (significant), and its potential as a unifying (聯(lián)合) voice across cultures. ①寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根形容詞：musical，加黑詞所在句子應(yīng)翻譯為世界上一些最著名的音樂家最近聚集在巴黎和新奧爾良來慶祝第一屆國(guó)際爵士樂節(jié)。 ②寫出加黑詞在此處的漢語(yǔ)意思：聚集 ③用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：significance 2．(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅰ閱讀B)When we touched down to blue skies and warm? air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal? evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part — 　?　 (particular) to my taste, dulled by months of coldweather root vegetables — was a 7 a．m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call. ①寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：warmth ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的反義詞：abnormal ③用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：particularly，空處所在句中詞匯filled可用短語(yǔ)were_filled_with進(jìn)行升級(jí) 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2018浙江高考書面表達(dá))我熱衷于和他人用英語(yǔ)交流，特別是當(dāng)我向?qū)W生介紹中國(guó)的時(shí)候。(eager, particularly) Im_eager_to_municate_with_others_in_English,_particularly_when_I_introduce_China_to_students. 2．(2018江蘇高考書面表達(dá))每個(gè)判斷來自特定的需要或獨(dú)特的心理狀態(tài)。很顯然，盲目跟從他人的建議會(huì)影響我們自己的判斷。(specific, apparent) Every_judgment_es_from_a_specific_need_or_a_unique_psychological_state._It_is_apparent_that_blindly_following_others_advice_will_affect_our_own_judgment. 3．(2013遼寧高考書面表達(dá))我們最喜歡的是一起賞月。明月高懸，我們聚在 一起，吃著月餅和水果，各自說著我們的故事。(gather) What_we_love_most_is_the_time_when_we_admire_the_full_moon_together.With_the_bright_moon_up_in_the_sky,_we_gather_together_and_eat_moon_cakes_and_fruit,_sharing_our_stories. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．a(chǎn)bandon vt.放棄，遺棄；沉湎于(某種情感)n.[U]放任，放縱 [記牢] (1)abandon oneself to　 溺于……，縱情于…… abandon doing sth. 棄做某事 (2)with abandon 情地，放任地 (3)abandoned adj. 遺棄的，廢棄的；無約束的 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①M(fèi)any young people decided to abandon buying (buy) houses in big cities because of the high price. ②They saw the abandoned (abandon) vehicle and knew he had managed to flee on foot. 完成句子 ③Those who abandon_themselves_to despair can not succeed. 那些自暴自棄的人無法成功。 [寫美] ④(2018天津高考書面表達(dá))我知道你對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)器人很投入，并且你曾獲得機(jī)器人大賽一等獎(jiǎng)。因此，你是最合適的人。 I_know_you_abandon_yourself_to_designing_robots_and_have_won_first_prize_in_the_Robotics_petition._Therefore,_you_are_the_most_suitable_person. 2．occur (occurred, occurred) vi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；被想起 [記牢] sth. occurs/occurred to sb.　　　　 事被某人想起 It occurs/occurred to sb. that ... 人想起…… It occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth. 人想起做某事 [練通]　完成句子 ①Suddenly a_good_idea_occurred_to_her,_but she didnt know how to speak it out. 她突然想到了一個(gè)好主意，但是她不知道如何說出來。 ②I suppose_it_didnt_occur_to_you_to_phone the police. 我想你根本就沒想到打電話報(bào)警吧。 ③It_had_never_occurred_to_him_that he might be falling in love with Mary. 他從來沒想到他會(huì)和瑪麗談戀愛。 [寫美] ④(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我本來打算去的，但我突然想起我還有一些作業(yè)要做。 I_had_meant_to_go,_but_it_occurred_to_me_that_I_had_some_homework_to_do. [聯(lián)想]　表示“某人突然想到……”還可用“It hit(s)/strikes (struck) sb.＋從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，it在句中作形式主語(yǔ)。 3．burst vi.爆炸；沖，闖；突然發(fā)生n.爆發(fā)，突發(fā) [辨清]　寫出下列句中burst的含義 ①That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more. 爆炸 ②The police burst in and arrested the thief. 沖，闖 ③The door burst open and Tom ran into the room. 突然發(fā)生 [記牢] (1)burst into/in　　　　 突然闖進(jìn)；破門而入 burst out 突然迸發(fā)；爆發(fā) burst into tears/laughter＝burst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑 burst with anger/joy/grief 勃然大怒/樂不可支/悲痛欲絕 (2)a burst of 一陣 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ④To our relief, the disease didnt burst out as expected. ⑤His partner meanwhile, burst into the room, gun in hand. ⑥His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause. ⑦When she heard the news that her son won the game, she burst with joy. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ⑧Hearing this, the whole class burst out laughing, and my deskmates face turned red. →Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter,_and my deskmates face turned red. [寫美] ⑨(2014安徽高考書面表達(dá))首先，無需生氣；其次，和你信任的朋友談?wù)勀愕母惺埽@是發(fā)泄憤怒又不傷害他人或自己的好方式。 First,_it_is_not_necessary_to_burst_with_anger._Second,_talk_to_someone_you_trust_about_how_you_feel,_which_is_a_good_way_of_letting_your_anger_out_without_hurting_others_or_yourself. 4．discourage vt.使泄氣，使灰心；阻止，勸阻 [記牢] (1)discourage sb. from doing sth.　 阻止某人做某事 (2)discouragement n. 阻止；泄氣；挫折 (3)discouraged adj. 泄氣的；氣餒的 be/get discouraged 變得灰心，泄氣 discouraging adj. 令人泄氣的 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①He persevered despite discouragement (discourage) from those around him. ②Do not let any failures discourage (courage) you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory. ③The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged (discourage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 單句改錯(cuò) ④It was discouraged that he recognized the dangers the pany was facing. discouraged→discouraging ⑤All her strength drained out when she was discouraging in what she was doing. discouraging→discouraged 完成句子 ⑥My father is a lawyer, and he discourages_me_from_entering_the_field. 我父親是一位律師，他不讓我從事這個(gè)行業(yè)。 [寫美] ⑦(2015福建高考書面表達(dá))這個(gè)故事的寓意是：不遺余力地獲取知識(shí)，不管情況多么困難都不要輕易氣餒。 The_moral_of_the_story_is:_spare_no_effort_to_acquire_knowledge_and_never_get_discouraged_easily_no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be. 5．witness vt.目擊；見證vi.為……作證n.目擊者；證人 [記牢] (1) witness for　　　　　　 為……作證 witness to (doing) sth. 證明/作證(做)某事 (2)be a witness to 目擊，看見；為……提供證據(jù) give/bear witness to 為……作證，證明 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment. ②The driver witnessed to having_seen (see) the man enter the building. 完成句子 ③Police have appealed to anyone who_witnessed_the_incident_to_contact_them. 警方呼吁凡是目擊這一事件的人與他們聯(lián)系。 ④Her latest book bears_witness_to her talent as a writer. 她最近出版的書證明她是位很有才華的作家。 [用準(zhǔn)]　witness作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常用擬人化的方式陳述事實(shí)，即用事物名詞直接作主語(yǔ)，表述既簡(jiǎn)潔又形象。有類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有see, find等。 [寫美] ⑤(2014天津高考書面表達(dá))我們的城市四季分明、陽(yáng)光充足、雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能會(huì)覺得有點(diǎn)冷。 Our_city_witnesses_four_different_seasons,_plenty_of_sunshine_and_good_rainfall,_but_in_winter_you_may_feel_a_little_cold. 6．significance n．意義；意思；重要性；重要意義 [記牢] (1)be of (great/no/little) significance to ... 　　　　　　　　　　　 對(duì)……(很/不)重要 attach (great) significance to 認(rèn)為……(很)重要 (2)significant adj. 重要的；明顯的 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句改錯(cuò) ①(2014江西高考)Last but not least, health is also very significant (significance) for us students. ②At present, for the young, economic conditions are of great significance (significant) in many ways. ③Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great significant when we have conflicts with friends.significant→significance 句型轉(zhuǎn)換/完成句子 ④As we all know, water is very significant to human being. →As we all know, water is of great significance to human being. ⑤To be honest, a lot of people attach_great_significance_to being famous and rich. 坦白的說，許多人把名和利看得很重。 [寫美] ⑥(2015江蘇高考書面表達(dá))重要的是人們要遵守交通規(guī)則，這是每個(gè)人的責(zé)任。 It_is_significant_for_people_to_obey_the_traffic_rules,_which_is_everybodys_duty. [聯(lián)想]　常見“be＋of＋抽象名詞”的短語(yǔ)： ①be of significance＝be significant ②be of importance＝be important ③be of value＝be valuable ④be of help＝be helpful ⑤be of use＝be useful 7．preserve vt.保護(hù)，保存；維護(hù) n．動(dòng)植物保護(hù)區(qū) [記牢]　 (1)preserve sb./sth. from sth.　 保護(hù)……免受…… preserve sth.＋adj. 把某物保存得…… (2)preservation n. 保護(hù)，保存 [練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①The house buried underground for over 1,000 years is part of local history and should be preserved (preserve)． ②The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation (preserve), which are of great value to our study. ③They were determined to preserve their students from harm. [用準(zhǔn)]　preserve與reserve詞形相似，但reserve 意為“保留；預(yù)訂”。 [寫美] ④(2010全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))十名學(xué)生將以“人與自然”為題發(fā)言，目的是盡力做一切事情來維護(hù)人與自然的和諧。 Ten_students_will_deliver_their_speeches_on_the_given_topic“Man_and_Nature”_so_that_we_will_do_everything_to_preserve_harmony_with_man_and_nature. [詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The witness (目擊者) was telling about the whole accident. 2．Frightened by the sudden thunder and lightning, the dog sat trembling (顫抖) in a corner. 3．Its the duty of the police to preserve (維護(hù)) the public order. 4．The little girl is extremely eager (渴望的) to know the result of the exam. 5．It occurred (想起) to him that he should go to see a dentist. 6．On hearing their teacher calling them, they all gathered (聚集) around him quickly. 7．The schemes investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon (放棄) the project. 8．The book assesses the significance (意義) of Stalins policies between 1927 and 1939. 9．I had no_sympathy (同情) for students who got caught cheating in exams. 10．A water pipe burst (爆裂) and the entire apartment was flooded. Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．If you meet with any difficulty in your study, dont be discouraged (discourage)． 2．She shut the door heavily and burst out crying (cry)． 3．It suddenly occurred to him that they should take some measures to preserve the old tree standing alongside the street. 4．The following months was a witness to my efforts, and I finally made great progress in another important exam. 5．Social activities usually preserve old people from the loneliness of old age. 6．When he turned around the street corner, the pet dog abandoned (abandon) by its owner came into view. 7．Few people realized the significance (significant) of the discovery. 8．After moving to the new town, I gradually (gradual) accustomed myself to the surroundings. Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．The reference book I bought yesterday is of great significant to your history.significant→significance 2．They abandoned carry out the plan because of the lack of money.carry→carrying 3．Always keep in mind that dont get discouraging easily because of any failure.discouraging→discouraged 4．They burst into laughing seeing him fall down the stairs.into→out或laughing→laughter 5．It suddenly occurred him that he had left his keys in the office.occurred后加_to Ⅳ.完成句子 1．His parents are trying to discourage_him_from_being_an_actor. 他的父母竭力阻止他當(dāng)演員。 2．Hearing the song Where is all the time, she abandoned_herself_to_sadness. 聽著歌曲《時(shí)間都去哪兒了》，她沉浸于悲傷之中。 3．The factory set up the year before is_of_great_significance to this areas economy. 前年建立的這個(gè)工廠對(duì)這一地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)非常重要。 4．The ancient Egyptians knew ways to_preserve_dead_bodies_from decay. 古埃及人懂得保護(hù)尸體免受腐爛的方法。 5．The Sichuan earthquake_gave_witness_to_the_kindness_of_strangers in an emergency. 四川地震見證了危難中的那些素不相識(shí)者的善舉。 (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1._e_into_view　　　　　 　 出現(xiàn) 2._knock_sb._over 撞倒某人 3．once_upon_a_time 從前 4._block_out 堵住 5．in_a_way　　　 [串記1] 從某種程度上說 6．on_ones_side_ 側(cè)身，在某人一邊 7．split_up 使解散；決裂 8．name_...after_ 以……命名 9．e_across 偶然遇見；被理解 10．hold_up 支撐起；延誤，推遲 11．count_on_ 　　[串記2] 依靠；指望；確信 12._figure_out_ 理解 13．end_up 以……結(jié)束 14．put_up_with 容忍，忍受 15．in_particular　[串記3] 特別，尤其 16．refer_to 查閱；提到；涉及；提交 17．on_the_way_to 在去……的路上 18．now_that 既然，由于 [同根短語(yǔ)串記] 串記1.“way”短語(yǔ)全接觸 ①in a way在某種程度上 ②in the way擋道；礙事 ③all the way一路上；自始至終 ④on the way在途中 ⑤by the way順便說一下 ⑥No way！[俚]沒門！ ⑦in no way一點(diǎn)也不；決不 ⑧by way of路經(jīng)；經(jīng)過 ⑨across the way在……對(duì)面 ⑩in this way用這種方法 串記2.“指望，依靠”短語(yǔ)萬花筒 ①count on ②depend on ③rely on ④figure on ⑤lean on ⑥calculate on 串記3.“in＋n.”短語(yǔ)聯(lián)想 ①in particular尤其，特別 ②in turn依次，反過來 ③in mon共同，共用 ④in detail詳細(xì)地 ⑤in general普遍地，一般地 ⑥in use在使用中 1．preserve a frozen moment 保存了一個(gè)被封存了的瞬間 2．leave a deep impression on Pliny 給普林尼留下了深刻印象 3．a(chǎn)_superb teacher 一位出色的老師 4．a(chǎn) burst of_understanding 突然明白 5．in_a flash 一會(huì)兒，馬上 6．a(chǎn)dmire the ancient architecture 欣賞古老建筑 7．in their last hours of life 在他們生命的最后時(shí)刻 8．give Helen a big hug 緊緊擁抱了海倫一下 9．point to my heart 指著我的心 1．Now_that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 既然海倫理解了語(yǔ)言之謎，她非?？释麑W(xué)習(xí)更多的詞語(yǔ)并且盡可能多地使用它們。 2．Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless_I_touched_it. 她的話使我感到非常困惑，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)我若不用手去摸，我就什么都不理解。 3．It_was_the_first_time Helen had_understood such a plex word — a word for something she couldnt touch. 這是海倫第一次理解這么復(fù)雜的單詞——一個(gè)代表她觸碰不到的東西的單詞。 4．And so the day went on, until finally I climbed, tired_and_ashamed,_into bed. 于是那天就這樣繼續(xù)下去，直到最后我爬上床，既疲憊又羞愧。 [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞塊與句式 1．(2015陜西高考閱讀C)The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species (物種) that depend on the trees flowers and fruits. (用本單元短語(yǔ)替換加黑詞匯)count_on 2．(2015湖北高考閱讀E)David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.(用本單元短語(yǔ)升級(jí)加黑詞匯)es_into_view 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞式與句式 (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及提示翻譯句子) 1．(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))從某種程度上說，很值得提及的是我們的棒球隊(duì)在全國(guó)中學(xué)生棒球錦標(biāo)賽中兩次獲獎(jiǎng)。(in a way) In_a_way,_it_is_worth_mentioning_that_our_volleyball_team_won_the_championship_twice_in_national_middle_school_volleyball_matches. 2．(2013湖南高考書面表達(dá))一方面，我們認(rèn)為友誼第一，比賽第二。另一方面，既然我們盡力了，我們就沒有什么遺憾。(now that) On_the_one_hand,_we_think_that_friendship_es_first,_and_a_match_es_second._On_the_other_hand,_now_that_we_all_tried_our_best,_we_had_no_regret. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語(yǔ)集釋] 1．e across 偶然遇見；被理解 [記牢] e out　　　　　　　 出現(xiàn)；出版；(花)開放；結(jié)果是 e about 發(fā)生 e up 發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，走近；被提出 e up with 提出；想出 e to 總計(jì)；達(dá)到(某狀況)；蘇醒 when it es to (doing) sth.　 當(dāng)談及(做)某事 [練通]　完成句子 ①(2014湖北高考)Is this your necklace, Mary? I came_across it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning. 瑪麗，這是你的項(xiàng)鏈嗎？今天早上我打掃浴室時(shí)偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的。 ②I can use the puter. When_it_es_to_repairing_it,_I know nothing. 我會(huì)使用電腦，但談到修電腦，我一無所知。 ③Tom is the only one of the engineers who has e_up_with the solution. 湯姆就是唯一提出解決方案的工程師。 ④How did it e_about that he knew where we were? 他是怎么知道我們?cè)谑裁吹胤降哪兀? [寫美] ⑤(2013浙江高考書面表達(dá))當(dāng)我遇見我有不同意見這種情況時(shí)，我或許選擇放棄自己的意見而尊重大多數(shù)人的意見。 When_I_e_across_the_case_where_I_have_a_different_opinion,_I_may_choose_to_give_it_up_and_respect_the_opinion_of_the_majority. 2．put up with 容忍，忍受 [記牢] put away　　　　　　　 放好；收起來 put aside 儲(chǔ)蓄；儲(chǔ)存；留出；不考慮 put up 舉起；張貼；建造 put forward 推薦；提出；撥快(鐘表等) put back 放回；拖延；撥慢(鐘表等) put on 穿上；上演；增加體重 put off 推遲，延期 put down 寫下；記下 [練通]　完成句子 ①Its likely that the conference will_be_put_off because of the weather. 這次會(huì)議有可能會(huì)因天氣而被推遲。 ②These were the arguments which Carson put_forward. 這些就是卡森提出的論點(diǎn)。 ③She_put_aside a small sum every week to pay for her annual holiday. 她每周都存一小筆錢，留著每年度假時(shí)用。 [寫美] ④(2015廣東高考書面表達(dá))當(dāng)談到我的班級(jí)時(shí)，我不得不說我不能忍受一些同學(xué)的自私。 When_it_es_to_my_class,_I_have_to_say_that_I_cant_put_up_with_some_classmates_selfishness. [聯(lián)想]　表示“容忍，忍受”之意的除了put up with以外，還有stand, bear, tolerate, live with等。 3．hold up 支撐起；延誤，延遲，耽擱；舉起，抬起 [辨清]　寫出下列句中hold up的含義 ①It is too low.Hold it up so that we can see it. 舉起 ②Have your passport ready so you dont hold everyone up. 耽擱，延誤 ③Women are playing a more and more important part in society — they hold up half the sky.支撐起 [記牢] hold back　　　　　　 阻擋，抑制，控制 hold on 別掛斷；堅(jiān)持住，挺住 hold on to 抓住不放；堅(jiān)持；保留 hold off 拖延，不接近 hold out (在困境中)堅(jiān)持；伸出；維持 [練通]　完成句子 ④No one can hold_back the wheel of history. 誰(shuí)也無法阻止歷史前進(jìn)的車輪。 ⑤Can you hold_on? Ill see if he is here. 你能等一下嗎？我去看一看他在不在這兒。 ⑥Id thought I could hold_out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. 我原想我能堅(jiān)持到我的牙醫(yī)度假回來，但疼痛的確讓我難以忍受。 [寫美] ⑦(2015北京高考書面表達(dá))我打算參加艱苦的龍舟訓(xùn)練營(yíng)。如果你能堅(jiān)持，我希望你也去。 I_intend_to_join_a_Dragon_Boat_Training_Camp,_which_is_tough.If_you_hold_on,_Id_like_you_to_go_with_me. 4．count on依靠，指望；期望，料想 [記牢] count on sth./sb.　　　　　　 指望/依靠某事/某人 count on doing sth. 指望做某事 count on sb.to do/doing sth. 指望/依靠某人做某事 count ... in/out 把……算入/不算入 count down 倒計(jì)時(shí)，倒數(shù) count sb./sth. as/to be ... 認(rèn)為某人/某物是…… [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①We are counting down the days to the end of this summer holiday. ②Our parents are always the people that we can really count on. ③Few people can count on having (have) a job for life. 完成句子 ④She counts_herself_as/to_be one of the lucky ones. 她認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)幸運(yùn)者。 ⑤If you are going out tonight, youll have to count_me_out. 假如你們今晚要出去，別把我算在內(nèi)。 一句多譯 我們只能依靠他來營(yíng)救我們。 ⑥We can only count on him to_rescue_us/rescuing_us. ⑦We can only count_on_it_that he will rescue us. [寫美] ⑧(2015陜西高考書面表達(dá))我真的想指望這次珍貴的機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)橥ㄟ^提供服務(wù)，我將會(huì)提高我的組織能力、交流技能以及在公共場(chǎng)合下我的自信。 I_really_want_to_count_on_this_precious_opportunity,_because_by_offering_my_service,_I_will_be_able_to_improve_my_organisational_ability,_munication_skills_as_well_as_my_confidence_in_public. [聯(lián)想]　表示“指望，依靠”的短語(yǔ)還有depend on, rely on, figure on以及reckon on，它們后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)一般要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，然后再接that從句。 [句式集釋] 1．形容詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ) [教材原句]　And so the day went on, until finally I climbed, tired_and_ashamed,_into bed. [悟拓展例句] (1)After a hard day at work, Mr. Black came back home, tired_and_hungry. 一天辛苦工作后，布萊克先生回到家，又累又餓。 (2)Eager_to_see_the_sunrise,_they got up at four. 急于去看日出，他們4點(diǎn)就起床了。 (3)One woman was lying in bed, awake,_listening to the rushing windows. 一位女士躺在床上，沒有睡著，聽著那急促的風(fēng)聲。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 tired and ashamed為形容詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)，它往往用于補(bǔ)充說明主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，主要表示原因、方式或伴隨等?？晌挥诰涫?、句末或句中，常用逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2018江蘇高考滿分作文)These ratings, easy to access, are playing an increasingly important role in customers purchase decision.(開頭句) (2)(2018江蘇高考滿分作文)Confused, I simply based my decision on the ratings.(要點(diǎn)句) (3)(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ滿分作文)Delighted to know you are interested in Tang poems, Im writing to tell you the plan for the next class.(要點(diǎn)句) 2．now that引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句 [教材原句]　Now_that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. [悟拓展例句] (1)(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)But now_that information is being spread and monitored (監(jiān)控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. 但是由于信息以不同方式傳播和監(jiān)控，所