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Unit 1 A land of diversity 一、閱讀理解。 Thanks to the Internet and technology, the world has bee one big market, and you can sit in the forts of your home and shop for anything you want. You no longer have to drive to the actual shops and fish out what you want. Simply filter (篩選) your search, sitting on your sofa, select the desired product, and make the required payment. The shipment will reach your doorstep. However, everything es at a price; so does online shopping. Its subject to more threats, especially when you make online shopping mistakes. For example, you may be an impulsive (沖動的) buyer and buy something without reading all the details of the product properly. If you dont read the product description carefully, there are high chances that the item you receive might not match what you expect. The biggest hurdle in online shopping is that you cannot inspect your product beforehand. Therefore, take a cue from the experiences of other consumers from the online posts. Additionally, you may make mistakes like giving an incorrect address, typing incorrect quantity details. Such mistakes can make you end up getting a delayed delivery. Not following safety tips while shopping is also a mon mistake you may mit. For instance, you may not take into account other charges, or use a public Wi­Fi to make a purchase, which may give away your card details. So ensure online safety while making a purchase online. Luckily, if some mistake has occurred, you can make an attempt to repair it. For example, you can contact the customer service and register your plaint. Its better to have a written record by also sending an email to the pany. Its advisable to have your purchase transaction well documented, so that you can provide legal evidence to the pany. 1.If you dont read the product descriptions thoroughly, youll probably ________. A.forget to follow safety tips B.be addicted to online shopping easily C.receive an item you dont want D.make a purchase as you expect 2.What can prevent the product reaching you in time? A.Not reading its consumer reviews. B.Not posting letter to the pany in advance. C.Not taking other charges into consideration. D.Not checking information before placing an order. 3.Your card information may be stolen if you do online shopping ________. A.with a public Wi-Fi B.on a private website C.in your friends store D.in a trustworthy pany 4.What should we do when online shopping goes wrong? A.Make a list of your requirements. B.Report the online shop to the government. C.Send the purchase information to the police. D.Get your plaint registered at the customer service. 參考答案： 1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.D 解析： 1.[細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2段“If you dont read the product description carefully, there are high chances that the item you receive might not match what you expect”可知,如果你不仔細閱讀產(chǎn)品描述,你就會買到你所需產(chǎn)品。] 2.[推斷題。根據(jù)第3段“Additionally, you may make mistakes like giving an incorrect address, typing incorrect quantity details. Such mistakes can make you end up getting a delayed delivery”可知,下單時不核對信息會導(dǎo)致貨物不能按時到達。] 3.[細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第4段“...use a public WiFi to make a purchase, which may give away your card details”可知,當(dāng)你用公共WiFi購物時會泄露你的銀行卡信息。] 4.[細節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段“For example, you can contact the customer service and register your plaint”可知,你可以聯(lián)系客服將你的投訴記錄下來。] 二、單句語法填空 1．The position ___________ for by most ___________ actually requires at least 5 years’ working experience.(apply) 答案：applied; applicants 2．There is a great deal of evidence___________ (indicate) that listening to soft music can reduce stress. 答案：indicating 3．I was taken ___________ by the salesman whose products turned out to be much less effective. 答案：in 4．(2018西安四校聯(lián)考)The building facing the big river is likely ___________ (destroy) by the flood. 答案：to be destroyed 5．Mark ___________ your mistakes, and find out what causes you to make these mistakes. 答案：out 6．What are we to do next under the assumption that the ___________ (major) are against the plan? 答案：majority 7．___________ (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening. 答案：Apparently 8．I hope the fine weather will keep ___________ because the crops need much sunshine. 答案：up 9．—You see, I’m poor in math, but good at English, while you are good at math, but weak in English. —That’s ___________ we should help each other. 答案：why 10．It never occurred to him ___________ (ask) anyone for advice when he was in trouble. 答案：to ask 三、完形填空。 In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 1 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish because people are 2 more rubbish than ever before. How did we 3 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 4 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 5 modern manufacturing(制造業(yè))and technology, panies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 6 . Another cause is our 7 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 8 people, we are always looking for 9 to save time and make our lives easier. panies 10 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few. Our appetite for new products also 11 to the problem. We are 12 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 13 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 14 useful possessions to make room for new ones. All around the world, we can see the 15 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 16 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 17 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 18 , this is not enough to solve (解決) our problem. Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 19 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 20 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment. 語篇解讀：文章主要講的是堆積如山的垃圾給環(huán)境帶來的影響。隨著社會的發(fā)展，人們傾向于扔掉用舊了 的東西，以新物品取而代之。 而且，包裝盒等一次性產(chǎn)品給人們帶來方便的同時，也給環(huán)境帶來很大的壓 力。 1. A. key B. belief C. project D. problem 【答案】D 【解析】A.答案，關(guān)鍵；B.看法，信念；C.項目；D.問題。根據(jù)上下文可知：東西用壞了就把它扔了，再 買新的。這就出現(xiàn)了垃圾堆積如山的問題，故選 D。 2. A. picking out B. throwing out C. running out of D. cutting out 【答案】B 【解析】throw out rubbish 扔掉的垃圾?！疤暨x，選擇，辨認(rèn)出”、“用完，耗盡”與“剪裁；剪下”不符 文意。故選 B。垃圾堆積如山的問題是因為人們?nèi)拥舻睦纫酝魏螘r候都多造成的。 3. A. face B. bee C. observe D. change 【答案】B 【解析】第二、三、四自然段講 a throwaway society 形成的 cause。因此此處問了一個問題：“我們是怎樣 變成了一個愛浪費的社會的呢？”。而不是怎樣去 face(面臨)、observe(觀察)或 change(改變)的。 4. A. consume B. control C. replace D. withdraw 【答案】C 【解析】后半句說我們不是花時間與金錢去修理壞了的東西，說明我們是用另外的東西來“代替”它們， 因此用“replace”，故選 C。consume 消耗，耗費，消費；control 控制；withdraw 收回。 5. A. Thanks to B. In particular C. Except for D. Regardless of 【答案】A 【解析】A.多虧；B.尤其，特別；C.除了；D.不管。依據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，公司能夠快速而廉價地生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品出來 是“因為”現(xiàn)代的制造業(yè)和技術(shù)，故選 A。 6. A. safe B. legal C. cheap D. powerful 【答案】C 【解析】與 inexpensively 相對應(yīng)，產(chǎn)品就“便宜”。其他選項與文章無關(guān)。故選 C。 7. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division 【答案】A 【解析】A.愛，喜歡；B.缺少；C.阻止；D.劃分。依據(jù) Another cause 知道產(chǎn)生更多垃圾的原因是我們“喜 歡”使用一次性產(chǎn)品。與后文中的 appetite(嗜好)相照應(yīng)。故選 A。 8. A. sensitive B. kind C. greedy D. busy 【答案】D 【解析】 依據(jù)后文 to save time and make our lives easier 可知是“繁忙”的人們， 而不是 sensitive (敏感的) 、 kind(善良的) 、或 greedy (貪婪的)。故選 D。 9. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends 【答案】A 【解析】A.方法；B.地方；C.工作；D.朋友。為了省時和生活更加舒適，人們就使用一次性產(chǎn)品，公司也 就“生產(chǎn)”大量的一次性產(chǎn)品。使用一次性產(chǎn)品是一種 save time and make our lives easier 的“方 式”。故選 A。 10. A. conserve B. receive C. produce D. preserve 【答案】C 【解析】A.保護；B.收到；C.生產(chǎn)；D.保存。句意：企業(yè)生產(chǎn)大量的一次性產(chǎn)品，故選 C。 11. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes 【答案】D 【解析】adapt to 適應(yīng)；return to 返回，歸還；respond to 反應(yīng)；contribute to 為……做貢獻，促成，有助于。 從“also”一詞可看出此處又是講我們對新產(chǎn)品的 appetite(嗜好)也“導(dǎo)致，促成”了上述問題，故 選 D。 12. A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for 【答案】B 【解析】依據(jù)前文的 appetite(嗜好)，我們不會“厭倦”“擔(dān)心”和“羞于”購買新產(chǎn)品，而是對此“上 癮” ，因此選 B。 13. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger 【答案】A 【解析】A.更新的；B.更強壯的；C.更高的；D.更大的。前文 new things 提示。后文 new ones 與之照應(yīng)。 句意：廣告使人們相信新的更好，故選 A。 14. A. pick up B. pay for C. let off D. throw away 【答案】D 【解析】考查動詞短語。A.撿起，學(xué)會，用車接；B.支付；C 排放；D.扔掉。我們不斷購買新東西，于是 就“扔掉”了還有用的東西，故選Ｄ。 15. A. advantages B. purposes C. conflicts D. consequences 【答案】D 【解析】垃圾成山是 throw away lifestyle(愛浪費的生活方式)的“后果”，不是“優(yōu)點”、“目的”、和 “沖突，矛盾”，因此選 D. consequence 結(jié)果。 16. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure 【答案】C 【解析】A.顯示，展示；B.記錄；C.減少；D.測量。并列的兩個不定式表目的，后文說政府要求回收物品 循環(huán)使用，因此是“減少”垃圾，故選Ｃ。 17. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands 【答案】B 【解析】A.技術(shù)；B.環(huán)境；C.消費者；D.品牌。全文都是談的與環(huán)境相關(guān)的話題，因此是保護“環(huán)境”。 故選 B。 18. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile 【答案】A 【解析】 A.然而； B.要不然； C.因此； D.同時。 依據(jù)上文可知回收是一種解決問題的方法， 后文中 not enough 與之相對，因此此處有轉(zhuǎn)折意味，故選Ａ。句意：然而，只是要求人們循環(huán)利用是遠遠不夠的， 故選 A。 19. A. by B. in favor of C. after D. instead of 【答案】D 【解析】 A.通過； B.支持； C.在……之后； D.代替， 而不是。 本段講除了上文中提到的回收外的 another way 就是 repair our possessions(修理東西)，自然“代替”了扔掉，故選 D。 20. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertising 【答案】C 【解析】A.花費，度過；B.收集；C.修理；D.宣傳。句意：我們也需要重新考慮對修理的態(tài)度，根據(jù)下句 “repairing...”可知答案，故選 C。 四、單句改錯 1．In fact, I didn’t realize its importance after I was elected the monitor.___________ 答案：去掉the 2．After the explosion, every means have been used to prevent the river from being polluted.___________ 答案：have→has 3．The reason why she couldn’t e to the meeting was because she had not been invited.___________ 答案：because→that 4．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.___________ 答案：去掉were 5．This is believed that hard work can lead to success.___________ 答案：This→It 五、單元語法——名詞性從句 1．(2016江蘇卷)It is often the case ___________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 答案：that 2．(2018四川德陽四校模擬)There have been frequent traffic accidents in China recently, and that is ___________ people are concerned. 答案：where 3．(2018山東省實驗中學(xué)一診)She has received the offer from you, but I don’t know ___________ she will accept it or not. 答案：whether/if 4．(2018廣東廣州期中)___________ there are living creatures in outer space as those on Earth hasn’t been proved until now. 答案：Whether 5．(2018浙江杭州二中期中)___________ is known to us all is that the 2020 Olympics will take place in Tokyo. 答案：What