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Unit 2 Poems 一、閱讀理解。 Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area.Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic reasons—why they should be preserved.So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed? In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate(影響) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area. It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破壞) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的) and do not like change. Although we have to respect people’s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇議論文，討論了現(xiàn)代建筑是否應(yīng)該和古老的歷史建筑建在一起。 1．What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph? A．Most of them are too expensive to preserve. B．They are more pleasing than modern buildings. C．They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area. D．Some of them are not attractive. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第三句“Not all historical buildings are attractive.”可知，并非所有的歷史建筑都有吸引力。據(jù)此可知，一些歷史建筑沒有吸引力，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the author? A．Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in. B．We should reproduce the same old buildings. C．Buildings should not dominate their surroundings. D．No one understands why people speak against new buildings. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破壞) the area they are in，but the same can be said of some old buildings too.”可知，作者認(rèn)為一些歷史建筑破壞了它們所在地區(qū)的環(huán)境，所以選A項(xiàng)。 3．By using the words “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “ ”． A．destroy old buildings B．put things in a different place C．choose new architectural styles D．respect people’s feelings for historical buildings C　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段的第二句“If we always reproduced what was there before，we would all still be living in caves.”可知，如果我們不改變建筑風(fēng)格，我們現(xiàn)在還住在山洞里面；據(jù)此可以判斷，“move things forward”的意思是“選擇新的建筑風(fēng)格”，所以選C。 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain why people dislike change. B．To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas. C．To warn that we could end up living in caves. D．To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings. B　解析：寫作意圖題。通讀文章可知，第一段的第一句“Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city？”為本文主旨句；結(jié)合全文可知，本文旨在論證現(xiàn)代建筑可以建在有歷史遺跡的地方，所以選B。 二、單句語法填空 1．Is there anything ________ particular that you want to talk about? 答案：in　in particular為固定的介詞短語，作后置定語，修飾anything，意為“特別的”。 2．If we ________ (exchange) telephone number last week, I would have no trouble getting in touch with you now. 答案：had exchanged　該句為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句。由last week可知，從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，故應(yīng)填had exchanged。 3．Although ________ (tease) about fatness, she still has confidence in her performance of daily life. 答案：teased　主語she與tease之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作狀語。 4．This is a poem that perfectly ________ (convey) to the readers what the poet feels. 答案：conveys　由主句謂語動(dòng)詞is和從句中的feels可以判斷用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。定語從句的先行詞為a poem，為單數(shù)形式，故從句謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式conveys，該從句含有“convey sth. to sb.”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 5．She always exchanges words ________ her neighbours. 答案：with　exchange ... with ... “和……交換……”。 6．Since then it ________ (transform) itself from a small fishing village into a major financial centre. 答案：has transformed　由since then可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 7．In some places women are expected to earn money ________ men work at home and raise their children. 答案：while　while “而，然而”，可用于表示兩種情況的對(duì)比。 8．With something important ________ (talk) about with you, you must stay here. 答案：to talk　該句為“with＋賓語＋to do”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，to do表示將來的動(dòng)作。 9．He just took ________ for granted that he would pass the exam. 答案：it　take it for granted that ... 為常用句式，意為“認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的”。 10．I think her ________ (translate) of the article is much better. 答案：translation　由her可知，應(yīng)填所給詞的名詞形式translation，意為“翻譯；譯文”。 三、完形填空。 We have all heard of giant pandas, and know that they are endangered. When one has babies, it makes national news __1__， and pictures of their babies are __2__ circulated. But it now seems that the giant panda is not __3__ of itself. The lovely animals have __4__ a classic test of selfawareness. They cannot __5__ themselves in the mirror. Researchers use the mirror recognition test to __6__ whether children or animals have a __7__ of selfawareness. In the test, an animal is presented __8__ a mirror. Researchers then watch to see __9__ it notices a mark on its face, which is only __10__ in the mirror. If the animal notices the mark, it often __11__ it. Human children often pass the test when they are only two years old. Many other animals have passed the mirror test, including monkeys, Asian elephants and even pigeons. But when researchers tested pandas, __12__ of them did the same thing as those animals did. __13__， each panda behaved as if their __14__ in the mirror was another panda altogether. They acted as if they were __15__ by what they saw in the mirror, scratching their feet and walking __16__. The __17__ of this research will help design better areas for animals in captivity (圈養(yǎng)). For example, onedirectional glass sometimes used in the areas may __18__ pandas to feel stressed when they see their own image in the __19__. Thats because they might believe it to be another panda, __20__ themselves. 1．A.papers　　　　　B．covers C．headlines D．pages 2．A.widely B．popularly C．especially D．pletely 3．A.shy B．fond C．conscious D．confident 4．A.failed B．ignored C．faced D．conducted 5．A.observe B．discover C．recognize D．understand 6．A.believe in B．find out C．pick out D．take in 7．A.sense B．question C．opinion D．thought 8．A.for B．with C．in D．before 9．A.how B．when C．why D．whether 10．A.touchable B．seeable C．sensible D．possible 11．A.dismisses B．a(chǎn)dmits C．feels D．moves 12．A.all B．most C．one D．none 13．A.Thus B．However C．Instead D．Still 14．A.reaction B．reflection C．operation D．imagination 15．A.trapped B．a(chǎn)mazed C．threatened D．teased 16．A.backwards B．a(chǎn)lone C．forwards D．a(chǎn)long 17．A.failure B．oute C．success D．review 18．A.cause B．prepare C．a(chǎn)ccelerate D．urge 19．A.eyes B．cages C．zoo D．glass 20．A.other than B．regardless of C．because of D．rather than 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文對(duì)大熊貓、兒童還有其他的動(dòng)物都做了有關(guān)自我意識(shí)感方面的研究，結(jié)果顯示大熊貓的自我認(rèn)知很差，即使照鏡子，它們也認(rèn)不出鏡子里的自己。 1．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“and know that they are endangered”可推知，當(dāng)一個(gè)大熊貓有寶寶后，很快就會(huì)上國內(nèi)新聞?lì)^條。C項(xiàng)意為“頭條(新聞)”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“報(bào)紙”；B項(xiàng)意為“封面”；D項(xiàng)意為“頁碼”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 2．A　考查副詞辨析。上文提到，當(dāng)一個(gè)大熊貓有寶寶后，很快就會(huì)上國內(nèi)新聞?lì)^條；由此可推知，大熊貓寶寶的照片會(huì)被廣泛傳閱。A項(xiàng)意為“廣泛地”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“流行地”；C項(xiàng)意為“特別地”；D項(xiàng)意為“完全地”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 3．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“a classic test of selfawareness”可知，這里指的是現(xiàn)在看起來大熊貓是沒有自我意識(shí)的。C項(xiàng)意為“有意識(shí)的”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“害羞的”；B項(xiàng)意為“喜歡的”；D項(xiàng)意為“自信的”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 4．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“They cannot... have a ________ of selfawareness.”可知，可愛的大熊貓沒有通過這種經(jīng)典的自我意識(shí)測試。A項(xiàng)意為“失敗”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“忽視”；C項(xiàng)意為“面對(duì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“指揮，引導(dǎo)”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 5．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“Researchers use the mirror recognition...”可知，此處指大熊貓認(rèn)不出鏡子中的自己。C項(xiàng)意為“辨認(rèn)出”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“觀察”；B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“理解”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 6．B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指研究者的目的是弄清楚孩子或動(dòng)物是否有自我認(rèn)知。B項(xiàng)意為“找到，弄清楚”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“相信，信任”；C項(xiàng)意為“挑選出”；D項(xiàng)意為“吸收，欺騙”，均與語境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 7．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指自我認(rèn)知，是一種感覺。A項(xiàng)意為“感覺”，a sense of為固定搭配，意為“一種……感”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“問題”；C項(xiàng)意為“觀點(diǎn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“想法”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 8．B　考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，動(dòng)物在鏡子中呈現(xiàn)出來。表示使用某種工具，應(yīng)用介詞with。 9．D　考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指研究者想觀察大熊貓是否能注意到它臉上的記號(hào)。故選D項(xiàng)。 10．B　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在自己臉上的標(biāo)記，只有在鏡子中才能看到。B項(xiàng)意為“可見的”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“可觸摸的”；C項(xiàng)意為“可覺察的”；D項(xiàng)意為“可能的”，均與語境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 11．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“Many other animals have passed the mirror test”可知，此處指如果動(dòng)物注意到臉上的標(biāo)記，它會(huì)感受到這個(gè)標(biāo)記的。C項(xiàng)意為“感受，感覺”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“解雇，解散”；B項(xiàng)意為“承認(rèn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“移動(dòng)”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 12．D　考查代詞辨析。根據(jù)上文及轉(zhuǎn)折詞“but”可知，此處指沒有一只大熊貓像其他動(dòng)物一樣能感受到臉上的標(biāo)記。故選D項(xiàng)。 13．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“相反，每一只大熊貓表現(xiàn)得就像鏡子里的影像是其他大熊貓”。C項(xiàng)意為“代替，而不是”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“因此”；B項(xiàng)意為“然而”；D項(xiàng)意為“仍然”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 14．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，鏡子中應(yīng)是映照出的影像。B項(xiàng)意為“映像，倒影”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“反應(yīng)”；C項(xiàng)意為“操作，手術(shù)”；D項(xiàng)意為“想象”。均與語境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 15．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中熊貓的反應(yīng)可知，熊貓表現(xiàn)出好像受到鏡子中“自己”的威脅。C項(xiàng)意為“威脅”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“使陷入困境，卡住”；B項(xiàng)意為“使驚訝”；D項(xiàng)意為“取笑，戲弄”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 16．A　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，害怕會(huì)向后退。A項(xiàng)意為“向后”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“獨(dú)自地”；C項(xiàng)意為“向前”；D項(xiàng)意為“一起，沿著”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 17．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指研究的結(jié)果。B項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)果”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“失敗”；C項(xiàng)意為“成功”；D項(xiàng)意為“復(fù)習(xí)”，均與語境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 18．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由語境可知，此處指可以成像的玻璃會(huì)讓大熊貓感到有壓力。cause sb. to do sth. 意為“導(dǎo)致某人做某事”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備”；C項(xiàng)意為“加速”；D項(xiàng)意為“督促”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 19．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“onedirectional glass”可知，glass符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。 20．D　考查介詞短語辨析。由語境可知，此處指這就是因?yàn)榇笮茇埾嘈喷R子里是別的大熊貓而不是自己。D項(xiàng)意為“而不是”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“除了”；B項(xiàng)意為“不管”；C項(xiàng)意為“因?yàn)椤?，均與語境不符。故選D項(xiàng)。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．They ran out off money and had to abandon the project. ______________________________________________________ 答案：off→of　run out of “用完……”，相當(dāng)于use up。 2．Food supplies in the floodstricken area are run out. We must cut immediately before theres none left. ______________________________________________________ 答案：run→running　當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，run out是不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“耗盡”，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，應(yīng)改為進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示即將耗盡。 3．With more and more trees cutting down, some animals are facing the danger of dying out. ______________________________________________________ 答案：cutting→cut　cut down和trees之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語補(bǔ)足語。 4．The baby cant even sit up yet, let out walk! ______________________________________________________ 答案：out→alone　let out通常意為“發(fā)出(大的聲音)”；let alone常用在否定句中，意為“更不用說”，根據(jù)語境，應(yīng)改out為alone。 5．I try to make what I want to say easy accepted by children. ______________________________________________________ 答案：easy→easily　修飾動(dòng)詞accept應(yīng)用副詞形式，故將easy改為easily。 五、短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2018湖北四地七校聯(lián)考) The sun was just slowly e up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for its morning walk.I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold.The air was cool and I wore a big smile in my face.Even though there werent leaf on the trees，but I could still hear birds singing songs of spring.Even my dogs seemed to notice the different in the air.They were playing instead of just do their morning business in the grass.The particular golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day.As I headed back，I realize something.The beauty of day didnt e from the warmth of the sun.It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul. 【答案】 The sun was just slowly up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for morning walk.I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold.The air was cool and I wore a big smile my face.Even though there werent on the trees，/ I could still hear birds singing songs of spring.Even my dogs seemed to notice the in the air.They were playing instead of just their morning business in the grass.The golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day.As I headed back，I something.The beauty of day didnt e from the warmth of the sun.It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul. 第一處：e改為ing。此處表示“今天太陽越過山頭慢慢升起來時(shí)我?guī)е业墓啡ド⒉健笨芍琫 up動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故把e改為ing。 第二處：its改為their。根據(jù)上文的“took my dogs”可知，指代dogs的形容詞性物主代詞要用their，所以把its改為their。 第三處：in改為on。根據(jù)句意“笑容滿面”，只能用介詞on而不是in，所以把in改為on。 第四處：leaf改為leaves。leaf作“樹葉”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，前無限定詞修飾；且其前的謂語動(dòng)詞也是復(fù)數(shù)形式werent，所以應(yīng)把leaf改為leaves。 第五處：but改為yet或刪除but。根據(jù)句意及分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句中含有Even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，主句為I could still hear birds singing songs of spring，所以連詞but是多余的，應(yīng)刪除或者改為副詞yet。 第六處：different改為difference(s)。由句中的定冠詞“the”和“in the air”可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞difference，且difference為可數(shù)名詞，其前的定冠詞the不能決定其單復(fù)數(shù)的形式，前后句子也無法判斷其單復(fù)數(shù)，所以用復(fù)數(shù)也可以，故應(yīng)把different改為difference(s)。 第七處：do改為doing。由do前的介詞短語“instead of”可知，其后動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)名詞形式，所以應(yīng)把do改為doing。 第八處：particular改為particularly。由“golden sun”可知，應(yīng)用particular的副詞形式來修飾其后的“golden sun”，所以應(yīng)把particular改為particularly。 第九處：realize改為realized。根據(jù)所在句子的時(shí)間狀語“As I headed back”可知，realize發(fā)生的時(shí)間與headed back是同時(shí)的，故也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，所以應(yīng)把realize改為realized。 第十處：在day前加the。此處特指上文敘述的“today”，所以應(yīng)在day前加the。