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模塊4U1 一、閱讀理解。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 The wedding tradition of“something old，something new，something borrowed and something blue”has been around for hundreds of years.The tradition of carrying or wearing one of each item is said to bring luck and fortune to the newly married couple.Have you ever stopped to think what the saying really means？What is its origin and what does each item represent? The original saying dates back to the Victoria times and states，“something old，something new，something borrowed，something blue and a silver sixpence in your shoe.” Something old A bride may wear or carry something old to represent her continued ties to her family and her old life.Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry as their old item.Some brides wear the wedding dress worn by their mother or grandmother.In many cases，something old may also be something borrowed. Something new Wearing something new is supposed to represent success and hope in the brides new life and in her marriage.If the bride purchases her wedding dress，it may represent her new item，but any item that is new may be used.Something“new” is usually the easiest kind to fill. Something borrowed The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married.It is said that their happiness will rub off on you and bring lasting happiness to your marriage.Some brides borrow an item of clothing，a piece of jewelry，a handkerchief or perhaps a beaded(飾以珠子的)purse. Something blue Wearing something blue dates back to ancient times when a blue wedding dress was worn to represent purity，fidelity and love. A silver sixpence Placing a silver sixpence in the brides left shoe is said to be a symbol of wealth.This not only refers to financial wealth，but also a wealth of happiness and joy throughout her married life.Since most brides probably dont even know what a sixpence is，this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times.However，if a bride would like to include it in her wedding，she can purchase a silver sixpence from many panies that sell bridal supplies such as garters (襪帶)and invitations. 1．Why does the first paragraph end with two questions? A．To invite readers to answer them at once. B．To show the importance of this tradition. C．To have readers interest and attention. D．To test readers knowledge about wedding. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Something old might also be something borrowed actually. B．The part of the tradition“a silver sixpence”is never used now. C．The borrowed item can be something borrowed from any friend. D．Something new is usually the most difficult and expensive kind to fill. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．No brides now are not familiar with the silver sixpence. B．Every item represents something good for the new couple. C．The bride will be more beautiful with all these five items. D．Of the five items，something blue is the most important one. 4．Which word can replace the underlined word“fidelity” in the sixth paragraph? A．Success.　 B．Wealth. C．Loyalty. D．Opportunity. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇總分結(jié)構(gòu)的說明文，介紹了西方一種傳統(tǒng)的婚禮習(xí)俗的起源和含義。 1．C　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，這兩個(gè)問句承上啟下，引起讀者的閱讀興趣和注意力。 2．A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“In many cases, something old may also be something borrowed”可知，一些老的物件也可以是借來的。根據(jù)最后一段中的“this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times”可知，B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第五段中的“The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married ”可知，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“any friend”； D項(xiàng)與文中的“Something‘new’is usually the easiest kind to fill”不符，故排除。 3．B　考查推理判斷。通讀全文可推測出，這幾樣新婚佩戴的物件都會(huì)給新婚夫婦帶來好處。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Since most brides probably dont even know what a sixpence is”可知，現(xiàn)在大部分新娘都不知道六便士硬幣是什么，故A選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在，新娘都熟悉六便士硬幣”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，文中只說這些物件會(huì)給新婚夫婦帶來好處，并未涉及新娘佩戴這些物件后是否漂亮的問題；這五種物件哪個(gè)更重要文中并未提及，因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。 4．C　考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合畫線詞前的purity和其后的love可推知，“fidelity”此處意思為“忠誠”，即“l(fā)oyalty”。 二、單項(xiàng)填空 1.I didn’t want to drive all the way to Shanghai by myself, so I _______ Henry, my American friend, to ride with me. A. confirmed B. consulted C. persuaded D. permitted 【答案】C 2.Good listening can always show respect, _______ understanding, and improve interpersonal relationship. A. discourage B. promote C. balance D. circulate 【答案】B 【解析】discourage使某人泄氣；promote促進(jìn)；balance使平衡；circulate流傳。句意：傾聽可以表示尊重，增進(jìn)理解，改善人際關(guān)系。 3.The incident caused a hot discussion on the Internet, but the local government had no immediate _______ on it. A. adjustment B. mitment C. ment D. document 【答案】C 【解析】adjustment調(diào)整；mitment承諾，奉獻(xiàn)；ment評論；document文件。句意：這件事在網(wǎng)上引起熱烈的討論，但是當(dāng)?shù)卣⑽囱杆賹λ龀隽嗽u論。 4.Our marketing campaign should _______ young working couples. A. be acquainted with B. be worried about C. be accustomed to D. be aimed at 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我們的營銷活動(dòng)應(yīng)該針對年輕的上班夫婦。be acquainted with 與……相識，與……熟悉； be worried about為……而擔(dān)心，憂慮；be accustomed to對……習(xí)慣；be aimed at ...目的在于……，旨在…… 針對…… 5.When you _______ a new word, you’d better _______ a dictionary. A. e about, refer to B. e across, consult C. e across, look up D. e up, consult 【答案】B 【解析】e about發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生；e across碰上，遇見；e up被提出；consult=refer to查閱，其賓語是dictionary；look up也有“查閱”之意，但其賓語是word。句意：遇到生詞時(shí)，你最好查一下詞典。 6.I have just spent a holiday in Hawaii and would like to _______ it to anyone who is expecting one. A. remend B. represent C. relieve D. release 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我剛到夏威夷度過一個(gè)假期，因此我愿意把它推薦給任何希望度假的人。remend推薦, 建議；represent代表，表示；relieve解除，減輕，緩解；release釋放，發(fā)布。 7.I tried to _______ with the man but he simply told me to take it or leave it. A. argue B. pete C. bargain D. connect 【答案】C 【解析】argue with與……爭辯/爭論；pete with與……競爭；bargain with與……討價(jià)還價(jià)；connect with和……有關(guān)，與……聯(lián)系。我試著和那人講價(jià)，但他只叫我干脆地決定買或不買。 8.My grandpa is _______ to learn English from a book, which is a surprise to us . A. beneficial B. reliable C. mental D. determined 【答案】D 9.—Why has the bus not arrived? I’m really sick of waiting for a bus. —Yeah. Especially when you have something _______ to do. A. private B. potential C. urgent D. available 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“公共汽車為什么還沒有來？我真的很討厭等車。”“是的。尤其是當(dāng)你有急事要做的時(shí)候?！备鶕?jù)語境尤其是答語中的“Especially”可知，應(yīng)選urgent“緊急的，急迫的”。 10.Instead of blaming others for our failure, we should _______ what to do next and try our best to succeed in the future. A. figure out B. carry out C. take out D. put out 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我們不要因?yàn)槲覀兊氖《?zé)備別人，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)弄清楚下一步我們要做什么，并且盡最大努力去實(shí)現(xiàn)將來的成功。figure out弄清楚，符合題意。carry out開展，實(shí)施；take out拿出來；put out撲滅，熄滅。 11. The book written by Mr. Jackson _______ people from all walks of life, making it the best seller in England. A. appealed to B. contributed to C. adapted to D. owed to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：杰克遜先生寫的那本書對各行各業(yè)的人都有吸引力，使得它成為英國最暢銷的書。appeal to對……有吸引力；contribute to有助于，捐獻(xiàn)；adapt to適應(yīng)；owe to歸功于。 12.The teacher felt his explanation of the grammar item was not _______ to all the students. A. getting back B. getting across C. getting on D. getting over 【答案】B 【解析】get across(to...)意為“被(……)所接受/理解”符合語境。句意：老師感覺到他關(guān)于這一語法項(xiàng)目的講解并沒有被全體學(xué)生所領(lǐng)會(huì)。get back回來，找回，get on上車，進(jìn)行；get over克服，(使)渡過，走完。 13.Mr.Green has never smoked any more since his wife _______ him to give it up. A. wanted B. persuaded C. advised D. suggested 【答案】B 【解析】句意：自從他的妻子說服他戒煙以后，格林先生再也不抽煙了。persuade sb.to do sth.說服某人做某事。 14.—What makes the _______ of his new product so successful? —Targeting career women as his primary customers. A. election B. protection C. promotion D. proportion 【答案】C 15.Over coffee, she lit a cigarette, her eyes daring him to _______. A. remend B. mand C. ment D. depend 【答案】C 【解析】ment評論，表達(dá)意見。句意：喝咖啡時(shí)，她點(diǎn)燃了一支煙，她的那種眼神諒他也不敢吭聲。 三、完形填空 Research confirm that performing acts of kindness and sharing thankful thoughts have many positive effects on mood and health. They are among the top five predictors of happiness. When you feel thankful for something.that’s gratitude. You never get it out of ___1___; you are clear who or what is responsible,whether that’s a loved one, a strange, or a higher power.Gratitude is how you ___2___ to others when you see yourself in connection with things larger than yourself. ___3___, this understanding of our reliance on others is being more ___4___ today. With mercial and social media, everythi8ng makes the younger generation feel that they are the ___5___ of the universe. If it’s all about them,why thank others? If true, there would be a disturbing ___6___ trend. Canadian researchers found that people who wrote thank-you letters or performed good deeds for a six-week period decreased their pain, upped their energy,and improved their mental health.And you can ___7___ these benefits at any age. Old people who choose to be thankful are less likely to worry about their ___8___ health. Gratitude tends to be easily spread,as well. Those who are helped are more likely to pay kindness ___9___. One study found that when someone is thanked, it more than doubles his or her chances of being ___10___ again, likely because he or she enjoys feeling socially ___11___. If you aren’t particularly grateful now,you can learn to be. People who keep a journal of three positive things that happen to them each day ___12___ health-including thankfulness. At first, it may be difficult to ___13___ the good things that occur. But ___14___, your train gets trained into a more appreciative mode. And in the end, the journal bees a book of joyful ___15___. Gratitude training certainly es to your aid during the ___16___ times because a greater appreciation for life is the___17___you focus on. ___18___ your gratefulness directly with the person you feel grateful to, the benefits of happiness ___19___. You don’t need a scientific study to know that showing and accepting gratitude can ensure you an ___20___ life, a much better life than you thought. 語篇解讀：心存感恩會(huì)給你的情緒和健康帶來益處，現(xiàn)在的人們越來越缺少感恩之心，作者認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該 從日常訓(xùn)練感恩意識開始，培養(yǎng)我們的感恩情懷。做題時(shí)，把握作者態(tài)度，考慮上下文語境。 1.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything. 【答案】C 【解析】結(jié)合空白處上一句，當(dāng)你為某事感到感激的時(shí)候，這就是感謝。接著下一句 You never get it out of nothing ，這里的意思是，“你絕不會(huì)無緣無故明白它”，短語 out of nothing 指“無中生有”， 故選 C。 2.A. refer B. submit C. subscribe D. relate 【答案】D 【解析】refer to 參考，涉及；submit to 屈服于；subscribe to 訂閱；relate to 關(guān)系到。結(jié)合語境，感恩就是 在和他人建立聯(lián)系的時(shí)候，不只是關(guān)注自身。用 related to，表示與他人建立聯(lián)系。故選 D。 3.A. Therefore B. Meanwhile C. Besides D. However 【答案】D 【解析】therefore 因此；meanwhile 同時(shí)；besides 除此之外；however 然而。結(jié)合下文，現(xiàn)在的人變得越來 越以自我為中心，大家的感激意識變得越來越淡。此處表轉(zhuǎn)折，用 however,故選 D。 4.A. beneficial B. difficult C. stubborn D. ridiculous 【答案】B 【解析】beneficial 有益的，有用的；difficult 困難的；stubborn 頑固的；ridiculous 荒唐的。結(jié)合語境，現(xiàn) 在的人們把得到別人的幫助當(dāng)做理所當(dāng)然的事情，所以這種 understanding 變得越來越困難了，用 difficult。故選 B。 5.A. master B. center C. survivor D. creator 【答案】B 【解析】master 大師；center 中心；survivor 幸存者；creator 創(chuàng)造者。結(jié)合語境，商業(yè)和社會(huì)媒體，讓年輕 的一代認(rèn)為自己是宇宙的中心。言外之意就是年輕人現(xiàn)在越來越以自我為中心，不懂得感恩。故 選 B。 6.A. health B. mental C. cultural D. vital 【答案】A 【解析】health 健康；mental 情緒的；cultural 文化的；vital 極其重要的。結(jié)合語境，如果這一切是真的， 那么這是一個(gè)不健康的趨勢。結(jié)合文章可知作者持否定態(tài)度，故選 A。 7.A. continue B. approach C. sustain D. reap 【答案】D 【解析】continue 持續(xù)；approach 接近；sustain 支撐；reap 收獲。結(jié)合空白處前面一句“Canadian researchers found that ...”介紹了常懷感恩和行善能夠得到一些好處，所以這里應(yīng)該是收獲 these benefits，用 reap，故選 D。 8.A. original B. improving C. failing D. falling 【答案】C 【解析】original 最初的；improving 提高的；failing 失敗的；falling 下降的，跌落的。前一句談?wù)摿巳魏? 年齡的人都可以獲益，這里形容老年人的糟糕的健康問題，用 failing，故選 C。 9.A. upward B. downward C. backward D. forward 【答案】D 【解析】空白處前一句“Gratitude tends to be easily spread,as well.Those who are helped are more likely to ...”感 恩很容易傳播出去，這些被幫助的人更愿意把善良傳下去。pay kindness forward，把善良傳遞下 去。故選 D。 10.A. thankful B. respectful C. helpful D. careful 【答案】C 【解析】結(jié)合上一句“one study found that when someone is thanked.it more than doubles his or her chances of being..”一個(gè)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)某人被感謝過，那么他會(huì)有兩倍的概率去再次幫助別人，being helpful 樂于助人，同時(shí)符合前文所說的感恩很容易被傳播的觀點(diǎn)。故選 C。 11.A. valued B. influenced C. attracted D. noticed 【答案】A 【解析】valued 有價(jià)值的；influenced 有影響的；attracted 有吸引力的；noticed 注意的。結(jié)合語境推理，這 些人更容易去幫助別人，因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g感受到自己的社會(huì)價(jià)值。故選 A。 12.A. cultivate B. emphasize C. benefit D. possess 【答案】A 【解析】 cultivate 培養(yǎng)；emphasize 強(qiáng)調(diào)； benefit 有益于； possess 擁有。結(jié)合前一句“If you aren’t particularly grateful now,you can learn to be.如果你現(xiàn)在還缺乏感恩，你可以學(xué)著去做”，所以這里應(yīng)該是要培 養(yǎng)(cultivate)health-including thankfulness。 13.A. analyze B. recognize C. summarize D. organize 【答案】B 【解析】analyze 分析；recognize 意識，認(rèn)識；summarize 總結(jié)；organize 組織。結(jié)合語境，這里的意思是， 首先你也許不能意識到產(chǎn)生好的效果，用 recognize，故選 B。 14.A. roughly B. decidedly C. gradually D. accidentally 【答案】C 【解析】roughly 粗糙地；decidedly 果斷的；gradually 漸漸地；accidentally 偶然地。結(jié)合前一句說你可能 不會(huì)一下子獲得成效，那么可以推斷，這是一個(gè)日積月累的過程，用 gradually，故選 C。 15.A. essays B. thoughts C. files D. memories 【答案】D 【解析】 essays 文章； thoughts 思想； files 文件； memories 記憶； 結(jié)合前文“keep a journal of three positive things that happen to them each day”可知，經(jīng)過日積月累，最后都變成了有意義的記憶，故選 D。 16.A. dark B. golden C. sharp D. urgent 【答案】A 【解析】dark 黑暗的；golden 黃金的；sharp 鋒利的，激烈的，敏銳的，機(jī)警的；urgent 緊急的。結(jié)合語境, “Gratitude training certainly es to your aid during the...”感恩鍛煉能幫助你，因?yàn)閹椭?，所? 一定是在 during the dark time，故選 A。 17.A. scene B. part C. plan D. potential 【答案】B 【解析】scene 場景；part 部分；plan 計(jì)劃；potential 潛力，潛能。結(jié)合語境，這里說處于生活的最黑暗的 時(shí)期，感激會(huì)幫助你，因?yàn)楦佣酶屑ど钍悄憔劢沟哪且徊糠?。言外之意就是感激?xùn)練讓你 在最黑暗的日子也會(huì)感恩生活。故選 B。 18.A. Supplying B. Experiencing C. Starting D. Recalling 【答案】C 【解析】supplying 供應(yīng)；experiencing 經(jīng)歷；staring 開始；recalling 召回。結(jié)合語境，這里說從感謝你認(rèn)為 應(yīng)該從感謝的人開始，start with 意為“從……開始”，故選 C。 19.A. disappear B. accumulate C. emerge D. weaken 【答案】B 【解析】disappear 消失；accumulate 積累；emerge 出現(xiàn)；weaken 變?nèi)酢＝Y(jié)合語境，這有利于幸福的積累， 用 accumulate，故選 B。 20.A. enriched B. engaged C. enlarged D. addicted 【答案】A 【解析】 enriched 豐富的； engaged 投入的； enlarged 擴(kuò)大的； addicted 上癮的。 結(jié)合下一句“a much better life than you thought.”，這里應(yīng)該是豐富我們的生活，用 enriched，故選 A。 四、短文改錯(cuò)。 My favorite sport is playing basketball.In the middle school，I joined in the basketball team.All the teammate practised hard after school.Once our team had match against another schools.At the very beginning，we were so nervous which we couldnt cooperate very good.Because this was the first time for us to pete with the school honor.In the half match they fell behind.Our team leader calls us together and said that we must get uniting in order to beat them.Then we tried our best and won the game at last.Play basketball makes me realize the importance of union and teamwork. 【答案】 My favorite sport is playing basketball.In the middle school，I joined the basketball team.All the practised hard after school.Once our team had match against another schools.At the very beginning，we were so nervous we couldnt cooperate very .Because this was the first time for us to pete the school honor.In the half match fell behind.Our team leader us together and said that we must get in order to beat them.Then we tried our best and won the game at last. basketball makes me realize the importance of union and teamwork. 第一處：刪除in。考查固定搭配。join后接某個(gè)組織，表示加入該組織，此時(shí)join為及物動(dòng)詞；join in通常指參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。由該句中的team可知，該處用join。 第二處：teammate改為teammates?？疾槊~的復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)該句中的All可知，該處的可數(shù)名詞teammate應(yīng)當(dāng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第三處：had后加a?？疾椴欢ü谠~。有一次我們的籃球隊(duì)和另外一個(gè)學(xué)校的籃球隊(duì)進(jìn)行了一場比賽。該處泛指“一場比賽”，故用不定冠詞a。 第四處：which改為that?？疾楣潭ň湫?。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句使用了固定句型“so...that...”，表示“如此……以至于……”。 第五處：good改為well。考查副詞。cooperate為動(dòng)詞，修飾該動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞，故用副詞well。 第六處：with改為for?？疾榻樵~。pete for sth.為固定搭配，意為“為……競爭”，該處指“為學(xué)校的榮譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)”，故用介詞for。 第七處：they改為we?？疾槿朔Q代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處陳述的是我們參加籃球賽的過程，故用人稱代詞we。 第八處：calls改為called?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“said”，并結(jié)合語境可知，該處陳述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。 第九處：uniting改為united。get在此為連系動(dòng)詞，表示“變得，達(dá)到”，后跟形容詞united，get united意為“團(tuán)結(jié)起來”。 第十處：Play改為Playing?？疾閯?dòng)名詞。由動(dòng)詞makes可知，該處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，故用Playing。