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Unit 2 What is happiness to you (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．junior adj.　　 　　　　 青少年的；地位(或職位、級別)低下的 2．severe adj. 嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)格的；艱巨的 3．temporary adj. 短暫的；暫時(shí)的 4．a(chǎn)llocate vt. 分配 5．a(chǎn)dequate adj. 足夠的；合乎需要的 6．mature adj. 成熟的 vi. 成熟；使充分發(fā)展 7．vivid adj. 清晰的，生動的，鮮明的 8．handy adj. 易使用的；便利的 9．goodwill n. 友好；善意 10．depth n. 最深處；深度；深厚 11．soul n. 靈魂 12．a(chǎn)utomatic adj. 自動的 13．a(chǎn)che vi.& n．[縱聯(lián)1] 疼痛 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形 1．directly adv. 徑直地；直接地 conj. 一……就…… 2．predict vt. 預(yù)言，預(yù)告，預(yù)報(bào) 3．a(chǎn)ssist vt. 幫助，協(xié)助 4．a(chǎn)dvocate vt.[縱聯(lián)2] 擁護(hù)；支持；提倡 5．quit vt.& vi.[縱聯(lián)3] 停止；放棄；離開 6．instant adj. 即食的，方便的；立刻的 n. 瞬間，片刻 7．obey vt.& vi. 服從，聽從，順從 8．talent n. 天資，天賦；天才 9．rebuild vt. 重建；改建 10．outstanding_adj.[縱聯(lián)4] 優(yōu)秀的，杰出的，出色的 11．thankful adj. 感激的，感謝的 12．a(chǎn)part adv. 分開，分離 13．sorrow n. 悲傷，悲痛 14．parttime adj.& adv. 部分時(shí)間的(地)；兼職的(地) 15．uncertain adj. 無把握的；不確定的 16．instructor n. 教練；導(dǎo)師 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．surround vt.環(huán)繞，圍繞→surrounding adj.周圍的→surroundings n．環(huán)境，周圍的事物 2．suffering n．疼痛，痛苦；折磨→suffer vi.& vt.遭受；忍受 3．a(chǎn)ppreciation n．感激，感謝；欣賞；理解；(藝術(shù)方面的)鑒定，評估→appreciate vt.欣賞；感激 4．a(chǎn)cplish vt.完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)→acplishment n．完成，實(shí)現(xiàn) 5．a(chǎn)dapt vi.& vt.(使)適應(yīng)；改編→adaptation n．適應(yīng)；改編；改編本，改寫本 6．a(chǎn)dmirable adj.令人欽佩的，令人羨慕的，值得贊美的→admire vt.欽佩；贊賞；仰慕→admiration n．欽佩；贊賞；羨慕 7．unbearable adj.無法忍受的→bearable adj.可忍受的→bear vt.承受；忍受；承擔(dān) 8．a(chǎn)cpany vt.陪伴，陪同；伴隨；為……伴奏→pany n．公司；陪伴；同伴，伙伴 9．entertainment n．娛樂活動；娛樂；招待，款待→entertain vt.使快樂；招待，款待→entertaining adj.有趣的，使人愉快的 10．motivation n．動力，動機(jī)→motivate vt.激勵(lì)，激發(fā)；成為……的動機(jī)→motivated adj.積極的，主動的 縱聯(lián)1.拜訪“疼痛”家族 ①ache疼痛 ②headache頭痛 ③backache背痛 ④stomachache胃痛 ⑤toothache牙疼 ⑥earache耳痛 ⑦h(yuǎn)eartache心痛 縱聯(lián)2.“支持，擁護(hù)”速記 ①advocate ②support ③sustain ④in favour of ⑤back up ⑥be for 縱聯(lián)3.不要輕易“停止，放棄” ①quit ②stop ③abandon ④pause ⑤desert ⑥give up 縱聯(lián)4.“優(yōu)秀人才”描繪詞 ①outstanding優(yōu)秀的 ②talented有才能的 ③capable有能力的 ④excellent優(yōu)秀的 ⑤gifted有天賦的 ⑥intelligent聰明的 ⑦brilliant卓越的 單元話題——追求幸福 子話題1　積極的生活態(tài)度 ①optimistic adj. 樂觀的 ②relaxing adj. 令人放松的 ③pliment n. 恭維；敬意 ④pleasant adj. 令人愉快的 ⑤expectancy n. 期待，期望 ⑥enjoyment n. 享受 ⑦wellbeing n. 幸福；生活安寧 ⑧fulfillment n. 完成；滿足(感) ⑨stable adj. 穩(wěn)定的 ⑩content adj. 滿足的，滿意的 子話題2　消極的情感狀態(tài) ①pessimistic adj. 悲觀的 ②frustrated adj. 挫敗的 ③plain vi.& vt. 抱怨，訴苦 ④pressure n. 壓力 ⑤upset adj. 沮喪的 ⑥apathetic adj. 冷漠的 ⑦lethargic adj. 無生氣的 ⑧awkward adj. 令人尷尬的 ⑨depressed adj. 郁悶的 [學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2016浙江高考完形)During the war, my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California. I went to live there in order to be near him. I hated the place. I had never before been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a longterm duty, and I was left in a tiny shack (棚屋) alone. The heat was __?__ (bearable) — almost 125 even in the shade of a cactus (仙人掌). Not a soul to talk to?. The wind blew nonstop, and all the food I ate, and the very air I breathed, were filled with sand, sand, sand! ①用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：unbearable ②將加黑的句子翻譯成漢語：無人可交談 2．(2012全國卷Ⅱ閱讀E)We are all born with growth mindsets. (Otherwise, we wouldnt be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and __?__ (instructor) often push us into fixed mindsets by encouraging certain? actions and misdirecting praise. Dwecks book, Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, and online instruct ional program explain this in depth?.But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure. ①用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：instructors，其同根詞instructions意為“說明書”。 ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的反義詞：uncertain，certain在本句中意為“某些”。 ③寫出加黑詞在此處的漢語意思：深度，in depth意為“深入地，全面地”。 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2017浙江高考書面表達(dá))但當(dāng)他看向那邊時(shí)，他立即看到那根本不是一只狗，而是一只狼。(instantly) But_when_he_looked_to_the_side,_he_saw_instantly_that_it_wasnt_a_dog_at_all,_but_a_wolf. 2．(2016全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我寧愿我現(xiàn)在在北京，這樣我就能陪你去書店了。(acpany) I_would_rather_I_were_in_Beijing_now,_in_which_case_I_would_acpany_you_to_the_bookstore. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．surround vt.包圍，圍繞，環(huán)繞 [記牢] (1)surround oneself with sb.　 使自己身邊圍繞某人 be surrounded by/with ... 被……包圍 (2)surrounding adj. 周圍的 surroundings n. 環(huán)境(指周圍的具體的物質(zhì)環(huán)境) [練通] 單句語法填空 ①I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with creative people. ②Standing in the watchtower, we admired the surrounding (surround) scenes. ③She was faced with a new job, in unfamiliar surroundings (surround) with strange people. 完成句子 ④Surrounded_by_the_forest (被森林包圍著), the village looks very beautiful. ⑤In a word, you are wele to our school and I hope you can adapt_to_the_new_ surroundings (很快適應(yīng)新環(huán)境) soon. [寫美] ⑥(2013江蘇高考書面表達(dá))在圖1中，一名男子正試圖在被樹樁(stump)包圍的孤樹上張貼橫幅，但徒勞無功。 In_Picture_1,_a_man_is_trying_to_put_up_a_banner_on_a_lonely_tree_surrounded_by_stumps,_but_in_vain. 2．a(chǎn)dapt vi.& vt.(使)適應(yīng)；改編 [記牢] (1)adapt (oneself) to　　　　 (使……)適應(yīng)于 adapt ... from ... 根據(jù)……改編…… be adapted for ... 為……而改寫/改編 (2)adaptable adj. 能適應(yīng)的；可修改的 adaptation n. 適應(yīng)；改編；改寫本 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①All in all, I hope you can adapt yourself (you) to the new environment and we can bee good friends. ②Adapted from J．K. Rowlings book series of the same title, the Harry Potter movies are universally acknowledged as classics. ③Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday. ④Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. ⑤It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. [用準(zhǔn)]　注意adapt與adopt在拼寫和意思上的差別。adopt 意為“采納；收養(yǎng)”。 [寫美] ⑥(2014江西高考書面表達(dá))對你們所有新生來說，如何使自己適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境是你們必須面對的第一件事。 To_all_of_you,_fresh_students,_how_to_adapt_yourselves_to_the_new_environment_is_the_first_thing_that_you_have_to_face. 3．a(chǎn)dvocate vt.擁護(hù)；支持；提倡n.提倡者，擁護(hù)者 [記牢] (1)advocate (doing) sth.　　 提倡/擁護(hù)/支持(做)某事 主張……[從句謂語動詞用“(should＋)動詞原形”] (2)be an advocate of/for ……的提倡者/擁護(hù)者 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①M(fèi)any experts advocate reducing (reduce) the amount of childrens homework and also advocate that children (should)_be_given (give) more free time. ②She has always been an advocate of/for changes to English spelling, to make it easier to learn. ③It is advocated that webbased selfaccess learning should be integrated into college courses. [寫美] ④(2011四川高考書面表達(dá))有人主張學(xué)校應(yīng)為學(xué)生組織更多的活動，通過減少學(xué)生的家庭作業(yè)，讓學(xué)生有更多的時(shí)間參加活動。 It_is_advocated_that_schools_should_organize_more_activities_for_students_and_leave_students_more_time_for_activities_by_giving_them_less_homework. 4．a(chǎn)cpany vt.陪伴，陪同；伴隨；為……伴奏 [記牢] (1)acpany sb. to sp.　　　　　 陪伴某人去某地 acpany sb. at/on 為某人伴奏 be acpanied with/by ... 伴隨……發(fā)生；由……陪同 (2)pany n. [U]陪伴； [C]公司 keep sb. pany 陪伴某人 panion n. 同伴；陪伴；伴侶 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①I dont think its necessary for parents to acpany their children to college. ②While she was singing on the stage, her mother was acpanying her on/at the piano. ③The storm is acpanied with/by thunder. 完成句子 ④Ill keep_you_pany while youre waiting for her. 你等她時(shí)我會陪著你。 ⑤Much to my regret, I was unable to keep my promise to acpany_you_to_Shanghai. 令我感到非常遺憾的是，我沒能信守諾言陪你去上海。 句式升級 ⑥When children are acpanied by their parents, they are allowed to enter the stadium.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) →Acpanied_by_their_parents,_children_are_allowed_to_enter_the_stadium. [用準(zhǔn)]　“陪伴某人做某事”不能表達(dá)成“acpany sb. to do sth.”，而是表達(dá)成“acpany sb. to a place”或者“do sth. in the pany of sb.”。 [寫美] ⑦(2010山東高考書面表達(dá))我確實(shí)很抱歉下周末我不能陪你去北京，這是我答應(yīng)過的。 I_am_indeed_very_sorry_that_I_cant_acpany_you_to_Beijing_next_weekend,_which_I_have_promised. 5．quit vt.& vi.停止；放棄；離開；辭去(工作)；輟學(xué) [記牢] quit (doing) sth.　　　　　　　 停止(做)某事 quit office/school/ones job 離職/退學(xué)/辭掉工作 [練通] 單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò) ①You must quit smoking (smoke). Most important of all, you should start taking exercise. ②Cathy quit the office when her son was born so that she could stay at home and take care of her family.去掉the 完成句子 ③He quit_his_job and struck out on his own as a publisher. 他辭去原來的工作，獨(dú)自經(jīng)營出版社。 [用準(zhǔn)]　quit的過去式和過去分詞：quit, quit或quitted, quitted。 [寫美] ④(2010廣東高考書面表達(dá))我們沒有人認(rèn)為Ethan可以做到，但他確實(shí)停止了看電視。 None_of_us_thought_Ethan_could_do_it,_but_he_did_quit_(watching)_TV. 6．entertainment n．娛樂活動；娛樂；招待，款待 [記牢] (1)entertain vt.　　　　　　 使娛樂，使快樂；招待 entertain sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人 entertain sb. with sth. 用某物使某人快樂 (2)entertaining adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes last night. ②Pets are amusing and entertaining (entertain), but we are in a way doing animals harm. 完成句子 ③To my great joy, he promised to entertain_me_to ice cream. 令我非常高興的是，他答應(yīng)請我吃冰淇淋。 [寫美] ④(2014上海高考書面表達(dá))就涉及的健康、娛樂、文化三個(gè)欄目，我建議娛樂欄目應(yīng)該去掉。 Of_the_three_columns_concerning_health,_entertainment_and_culture,_my_suggestion_is_that_the_column_of_entertainment_(should)_be_removed. 7．a(chǎn)ssist vt.幫助，協(xié)助 [記牢] (1)assist (sb.) in doing sth.　　 幫助(某人)做某事 assist sb. with sth. 幫助某人某事 (2)assistance n. 幫助，援助 e/go to sb.s assistance 來/去幫助某人 with the assistance of ... 在……的幫助下 (3)assistant n. 助理，助手 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①Local villagers assisted the doctors with the people wounded in the bus crash. ②I will assist you in solving (solve) the difficult problem. ③They are appealing to the world munity to e to Jordons assistance (assist)． ④Mary was chosen as an assistant (assist) to help Mr. Brown finish his research. 一句多譯 一組護(hù)士協(xié)助醫(yī)生施行手術(shù)。 ⑤A_team_of_nurses_assisted_the_doctor_in_performing_the_operation.(assist sb. in) ⑥A_team_of_nurses_assisted_the_doctor_with_the_operation.(assist sb. with) [寫美] ⑦(2013天津高考書面表達(dá))展望未來，如果我有幸成為副主席，我會盡力協(xié)助主席并為我的同學(xué)服務(wù)。 Looking_into_the_future,_I_will_try_my_best_to_assist_the_president_and_serve_my_fellow_students_if_I_am_lucky_enough_to_be_the_vice_president. 8．instant adj.即食的，方便的；立刻的 n．瞬間；片刻；某一時(shí)刻 [記牢] (1)in an instant　　　 　　 一會兒，馬上，立刻 for an instant 片刻，一瞬間 the instant ... 一……就…… (2)instantly adv. 馬上，立即 conj. 一……就…… [練通] 單句語法填空 ①She did not hesitate but answered the question the teacher had asked instantly (instant)． ②He paused for an instant before continuing his work. 單句改錯(cuò)/完成句子 ③He asked me to clean the room in instant.in后加an ④The_instant/Instantly_I_saw_him,_I knew he was the man the police were looking for. 我一看到他就知道他是警方正在尋找的那個(gè)人。 [寫美] ⑤(2016江蘇高考書面表達(dá))此外，網(wǎng)上投票使得即時(shí)反饋成為可能。 Furthermore,_voting_on_the_Internet_makes_instant_feedback_possible. [詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練] Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．In their eyes, they can acplish (實(shí)現(xiàn)) anything with enough money, and this is where I disagree. 2．They began to recover slowly from their nightmare of pain and suffering (痛苦)． 3．What he said and did at the party made us unbearable (難以忍受的)． 4．Nowadays, healthy lifestyles are being advocated (提倡) in society. 5．I shall be pleased to go, if you will acpany (陪同) me. 6．According to the notice, Sally has quit/quitted (辭去) her job. 7．He is one of the most outstanding (杰出的) writers of the time. 8．Not every child has an equal talent, an equal ability or an equal motivation (動力)． 9．Television is our countrys most popular form of entertainment (娛樂)． 10．It is absurd to predict (預(yù)言) that the sun will not rise tomorrow. Ⅱ.單句語法填空 1．Nowadays the old find it more and more difficult to adapt to the new world. 2．The old professor loved to surround himself with young people. 3．Some people advocated limiting (limit) the number of cars on the main road. 4．He has been given six months to live if he doesnt quit drinking (drink)． 5．The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing this man. 6．He shook me by the hand and we opened a conversation instantly (instant)． 7．China has made admirable (admire) achievements in scientific field. 8．Every time you celebrate an achievement, be thankful to those who made it possible. Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．They forgot all their fears and miseries for an instant.for→in 2．Surrounding by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China. Surrounding→Surrounded 3．The TV plays adapted of adventure stories caught the imagination of many a young viewer.第一個(gè)of→from 4．They entertain them with live bands and vast plates of barbecued pork.with→to Ⅳ.一句多譯 1．我們將幫助你找到一份更好的工作。 ①We_will_assist_you_in_finding_a_better_job.(assist sb. in doing) ②With_the_assistance_of_us,_you_will_find_a_better_job.(with the assistance of) 2．我的叔叔還沒能戒煙，但是至少他抽得少了一些。 ①M(fèi)y uncle hasnt been able to quit_smoking,_but at least he has cut down.(quit) ②My uncle hasnt been able to give_up_smoking,_but at least he has cut down.(give up) ③My uncle hasnt been able to stop_smoking,_but at least he has cut down.(stop) ④My uncle hasnt been able to get_rid_of_smoking,_but at least he has cut down.(get rid of) (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．a(chǎn)part_from　　　　　　 遠(yuǎn)離，和……不在一起；除了 2．in_good_spirits 心情好 3．go_after 追求；謀求；追趕 4．on_ones_own 獨(dú)自，單獨(dú)；獨(dú)立地 5．head_for 朝……方向(地方)行進(jìn)，前往 6．a(chǎn)t_that_point 在那時(shí)；在那個(gè)階段 7．in_a_rush[串記1] 匆忙地，急切地 8．a(chǎn)dapt_(oneself)_to 適應(yīng) 9．be_acpanied_by 伴隨有；附有，帶著 10．to_ones_relief[串記2] 令某人欣慰的是 11．cheer_up 高興起來，振作起來 12．feel_caught_between 在……之間感到左右為難 13．a(chǎn)head_of[串記3] 在……前面；早于 14．for_example 例如 15．focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于；聚焦于 16．a(chǎn)ssist_sb._with_sth. 幫助某人某事 17．be_full_of 充滿 18．believe_in 信任，相信 [同根短語串記] 串記1.“in＋a＋n.”短語薈萃 ①in a rush/hurry 匆忙地 ②in a word 總之，一句話 ③in a sense 在某種意義上 ④in a mess 一團(tuán)糟 ⑤in a way 在某種程度上 ⑥in a dilemma 處于兩難的境地 ⑦in a nutshell 一言以蔽之 串記2.“to ones ＋n.”高頻短語 ①to ones surprise/shock 使某人驚奇的是 ②to ones joy/delight 使某人高興的是 ③to ones shame 使某人丟臉的是 ④to ones disappointment 使某人失望的是 ⑤to ones amusement 使某人愉快的是 ⑥to ones relief 使某人欣慰的是 串記3.“提前”短語小結(jié) ①ahead of time ②in advance ③ahead of schedule ④ahead of timetable 1．be surrounded by family and friends 被家人和朋友圍繞著 2．during times of a personal catastrophe　在個(gè)人遭遇災(zāi)難時(shí) 3．be happy with ones life 對某人的生活感到幸福 4．the secret to happiness 幸福的秘訣 5．have appreciation for the good things in life 欣賞生活中美好的東西 6．graduate from Peking University 畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué) 7．a(chǎn) feeling of contentment 一種滿足感 8．focus on what they think 關(guān)注他們所想的 9．have the talent to do ... 有……的天賦 10．turn to sb._for help 向某人尋求幫助 1．By_the_time she peted in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games, she had_been a junior gymnast for eleven years. 到參加紐約友好運(yùn)動會的體操錦標(biāo)賽時(shí)，她已經(jīng)是一名有著十一年經(jīng)驗(yàn)的體操小將了。 2．It_feels_like allocating adequate time for each is just not practical. 要給每件事分配足夠的時(shí)間，似乎是不切實(shí)際的。 3．All_I_had_to_do_was_go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home. 我要做的事情就是上學(xué)，以及回家后再學(xué)習(xí)幾個(gè)小時(shí)。 [學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞塊和句式(完成句子) 1．(2018全國卷Ⅱ閱讀七選五)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever_is_ahead_of_you (你前面的任何事情) for the day. 2．(2012廣東高考閱讀C)_Apart_from_that (除那之外), there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work. 3．(2009山東高考完形)He would just simply smile and ask what else he could do, then thank me for letting him stay and slowly head_for (朝……進(jìn)發(fā)) home. 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語和句式 (根據(jù)提示翻譯句子) 1．(2017天津高考書面表達(dá))到上學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)，我?guī)缀跻呀?jīng)學(xué)完了所有的大學(xué)課程。 (by the time) By_the_time_last_term_ended,_I_had_almost_finished_all_my_college_courses. 2．(2017浙江高考書面表達(dá))讓Mac感到寬慰的是，它(狼)搖著頭退了回去。(to ones relief) To_Macs_relief,_it_fell_back,_shaking_its_head. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語集釋] apart from遠(yuǎn)離，和……不在一起；除了，除……之外(還有) [辨清]　寫出下列句中apart from的含義 ①Apart from two men on watch in the engineroom, everyone was asleep.除了……之外(不包括) ②Apart from good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.除了……之外(包括) [用準(zhǔn)] 除去 but, except, except for apart from 除……還有 besides, in addition to, as well as [練通]　完成句子 ③Apart from (＝In_addition_to/Besides/As_well_as) his intelligence, he was tirelessly industrious. 除了很聰穎以外，他還是一個(gè)孜孜不倦的勤奮的人。 ④She usually goes to work by bike apart_from/but/except/except_for on rainy days. 除了雨天之外，她總是騎自行車上班。 [寫美] ⑤(2017天津高考書面表達(dá))除了我的學(xué)業(yè)，我總能設(shè)法找到時(shí)間來處理我感興趣的事情。 Apart_from_my_academic_studies,_I_always_manage_to_find_time_for_what_Im_interested_in. [句式集釋] 1．It feels like ... [教材原句]　It_feels_like allocating adequate time for each is just not practical. [悟拓展例句] (1)I was only there two days, but it_felt_like_a_week. 我只在那里待了兩天，但好像過了一個(gè)星期似的。 (2)She really feels_like_having_a_talk with him about his study at school. 她的確想和他談一下他在學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)情況。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)句中It feels like ...意為“似乎，感覺好像……”，like為介詞，后面一般跟doing，也可以直接跟名詞或從句。 (2)feel like doing ...可用作固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“想要做……”，相當(dāng)于would like to do ...。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2017全國卷Ⅱ滿分作文)Now it feels like more and more foreigners are getting interested in Chinese papercutting.(要點(diǎn)句) (2)(2014福建高考滿分作文)It felt like the bike was too heavy and difficult to control.(要點(diǎn)句) 2．省略to的動詞不定式作表語 [教材原句]　All_I_had_to_do_was_go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home. [悟拓展例句] (1)Im so tired in the evenings, and all I want to do is sit_and_listen_to_music. 我晚上累得什么都不想做，只想坐下來聽音樂。 (2)What you need to do is just follow_the_instructions_and_rules. 你所需要做的只是遵守這些指示和規(guī)則。 (3)The first thing that I want to do is rush_home_and_tell my parents the good news. 我想做的第一件事就是飛奔回家告訴我父母這個(gè)好消息。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 動詞不定式作表語時(shí)省略to的常見情況： (1)all作主句主語，其后的定語從句中含有實(shí)義動詞do的某種形式時(shí)常省略to。 (2)what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語，從句中含有實(shí)義動詞do的某種形式時(shí)常省略to。 (3)(主句)主語被 the only, the first, the least，形容詞最高級等詞修飾，且其后作定語的從句或短語中含有實(shí)義動詞do的某種形式時(shí)常省略to。 注意事項(xiàng) 一些含有but的固定搭配如can not help but, can not choose but, can not but等結(jié)構(gòu)中，but后面跟不帶to的動詞不定式。 She could not choose but leave her child at home. 她別無選擇只好把孩子留在家里。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2017全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)As your good friend, the only thing I can do is help you improve your Chinese quickly.(要點(diǎn)句) (2)(2011北京高考滿分作文)All he has to do is turn around, cross the bridge and walk to the tree.(總結(jié)句) [詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 in good spirits, be acpanied by, cheer up, focus on, adapt (oneself) to, to ones relief, be full of, go after 1．To_her great relief,_her missing son was found and is now at police station. 2．When you go to a new country, you must adapt_yourself_to new manners and customs. 3．Outside, a bitter east wind was_acpanied_by flurries of snow. 4．Their letters of support made me in_good_spirits all day long, and I was grateful to my friends for what they had done to me. 5．If you admit that life is_full_of beauty, be never too busy to enjoy the wonder of life. 6．Well, the first thing to do is decide what kind of work youd like, and go_after it. 7．Cheer_up! You will achieve your dream of being a writer sooner or later as long as you keep trying. 8．Today we are going to focus_on the question of homeless people. Ⅱ.翻譯句子 1．除了主人外，那里的人我一個(gè)也不認(rèn)識。(apart from) Apart_from_my_host,_I_didnt_know_a_single_person_there. 2．你必須做的是考慮你的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)和弱點(diǎn)分別在哪里。(省略to的不定式作表語) What_you_must_do_is_consider_where_your_strengths_and_weaknesses_lie. 3．感覺好像很快要下雨了，你最好帶把傘。(It feels like ...) It_feels_like_raining_soon_and_youd_better_take_an_umbrella. 4．那一刻，什么事都有可能發(fā)生。(at that point) At_that_point,_anything_could_happen. 5．不要單純追求名利。(go after) Dont_just_go_after_fame_or_money. Ⅲ.分步寫作 假設(shè)你是李華，你的筆友王強(qiáng)最近沉迷于電腦游戲，造成了很多危害。請你給他寫一封書信，勸說他戒掉這個(gè)不良習(xí)慣，并提出建議。內(nèi)容包括： 1．浪費(fèi)了本該學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間； 2．對身心造成危害； 3．你的建議。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點(diǎn) 本文是一封勸說性建議信，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，人稱以第二人稱和第三人稱為主。既然是勸說信，本寫作可從題目給出的要點(diǎn)入手，從以下三方面進(jìn)行寫作：一是寫信的目的，這個(gè)可以簡單敘述；二是說明電腦游戲的危害，可以借助題目給出的兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)：浪費(fèi)時(shí)間、身心危害；三是建議如何戒掉網(wǎng)癮，這個(gè)屬于開放式問題，需要學(xué)生自己進(jìn)行發(fā)揮，可以聯(lián)系客觀實(shí)際來提出建議。 要點(diǎn)1：我聽說你沉迷于電腦游戲。(be addicted to) I_heard_that_you_are_addicted_to_puter_games. 要點(diǎn)2－①：它會浪費(fèi)太多寶貴的時(shí)間。(waste) It_will_waste_too_much_valuable_time. 要點(diǎn)2－②：它會損害你的健康。(do harm to) It_will_do_harm_to_your_health. 要點(diǎn)2－③：一些游戲充滿暴力。(violence) Some_games_are_full_of_violence. 要點(diǎn)2－④：我希望你能戒掉游戲。(break away from) I_hope_that_you_can_break_away_from_it. 要點(diǎn)3：你可以多讀好書、多做運(yùn)動或參加一些社會活動。(take exercise, participate in) You_can_read_more_good_books,_take_more_exercise_or_participate_in_some_social_activities. 第二步：添加細(xì)節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達(dá)更亮眼 為使內(nèi)容更充實(shí)，我們需要對要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行適度拓展。如要點(diǎn)1可表達(dá)出自己的擔(dān)心；要點(diǎn)2－①可用定語從句拓展玩游戲的不當(dāng)之處；要點(diǎn)2－②升級為非謂語動詞作主語，并強(qiáng)調(diào)其危害性；要點(diǎn)2－③以定語從句引出危害面；要點(diǎn)2－④用“the＋比較級，the＋比較級”表達(dá)自己的迫切愿望；要點(diǎn)3添加目的狀語，讓表達(dá)更充分。 拓展1：聽說你沉迷于電腦游戲，我很擔(dān)心。(時(shí)間狀語從句) I_felt_very_worried_when_I_heard_that_you_are_addicted_to_puter_games. 拓展2－①：它會浪費(fèi)你太多寶貴的時(shí)間，這些時(shí)間應(yīng)該花在你的學(xué)習(xí)或其他有意義的事情上。(定語從句) It_will_waste_too_much_valuable_time