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第15練 語(yǔ)法填空 短文改錯(cuò) 書面表達(dá) 題組一 Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空 1 Chinaisoneoftheworld’soldestcivilizations，1.isastatelocatedinEastAsia.Chinaisrichinhistory，ancientChinesearchitecture，cultureandhascontributed2.(wide) toglobalarts. ItiscommonknowledgethatgunpowderwasfirstmadeinChina，thoughitisamisunderstanding3.theChineseuseditonlyforfestivals.Infact，theChinesehadvariousweapons4.(use) gunpowder.CalligraphyisoneofthemajorartsofChina，andhasrecentlyenteredthewesternworld.Chineseliterature5.(exist) sincearound1,000BC.ItsestablishmentmeantthattheQingdynasty，thelastdynastyinChina，cameto6.end.ThetotalpopulationofChinaismorethanonebillion.Aroundafifthoftheworld’spopulation7.(live) inChina.TheChineseconsiderredastheir8.(luck) color.RedisasymbolofhappinessforthemandiscommonlyusedatChinesefestivals，weddings，birthdaysandotherfestiveoccasions.ThegiantpandaisChina’smostlovedanimal.Pandasarealsoconsideredsymbolsof9.(brave)．TheGreatWallofChinaisthelongestwallintheworld,10.(build) byQinShihuang，thefirstemperorofChina.Itisthelargestengineeringprojectevercarriedoutinthehistoryofmankind. 2 Therelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenhasalwaysbeenahottopic.Manystudentsmayfeel11.(stress) becauseoftheirparents.Mostparentshavegoodintentions,12.someofthemaren’tveryhelpfulwiththeproblemstheirsonsanddaughtershavein13.(adjust) tocollege，andafewofthemseemtogooutoftheirwaytoaddtotheirchildren’s14.(difficult)． Foronething，parentsareoftennotawareofthekindsofproblemstheirchildrenface.Theydon’trealizethatthe15.(compete) isstronger，thattherequiredstandardsofworkare16.(high)，andthattheirchildrenmaynotbepreparedfor17.change.Theymaybeupsetbytheirchildren’spoorgrades.Attheirkindest，theymay18.(gentle) askwhyJohnorMaryisn’tdoingbetter，whetherheorsheistryingashardasheorshecould，andsoon.Attheirworst，theymaythreaten19.(take) theirchildrenoutofcollegeorcutofflivingexpenses. Sometimesparentsthinkitrightandnaturalthattheydetermine20.theirchildrenshoulddowiththeirlives.Theyforgetthateveryoneisdifferentandthateachpersonmustdevelopinhisorherownway. Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò) 1 It’shardbeinganastronaut’sson.Imean，everybodyexpectsyoutobespeciallyorperfect.ButI’msimpleanaveragestudent，andI’maveragetoo，whenitcomestoplaybasketball，football，andbaseball.Ioftenwonderhowmyfatherneverhasasonlikeme.He’ssooutstandingandhedoeswelleverything.Inhighschoolheiscaptainofthefootballteamandeditoroftheschoolnewspapers.Well，totellyouthetruth，Idohaveatalentwhatnobodyknowsabout.Iwritepoemsandstoriesorkeeptheminarednotebookinitsbottomdeskdrawer.Idreamaboutbeingafamouswriter. 2 I’mLiHua，highschoolstudentinChina.Asa17yearoldboy，whichlovesanimalsverymuch，I’vebeendreamingofbeingdevotingtoanimalprotection. Notsurprising，IammorethanexcitedtoknowthattheWorldAnimalProtectionwasgoingtogetsomevolunteersinChina.Therefore，Ihavenoideaoftheprocessofapplyingtotheposition，whichreallymakesmeanxious.Inadditionto，I’mnotsurewhatrequirementisamustfortheadmission.Socouldyoupleasesendmethenecessaryinformations？Ican’tbemoregratefulforyourshelp. 題組二 Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空 (2018遼寧遼南協(xié)作校一模) Beijingwasonceacityofbikes，knownastheBicycleKingdom,1.carswerereservedforofficialbusinessandthepoliticallypowerful.However，decadesofeconomic2.(grow) ledtoahugeflowingofcarsinthecity.Owningonebecamenotjustamarkerofreachingthemiddleclassbutalsoarequirementformarriage.Astheeconomydeveloped，autospushedbikesofftheroads,3.(create) heavypollutionandmiserabletraffic. 4．(fortunate)，nowBeijingmaybereturningtoitsroots.Thankstoabout20technologycompanies，brightlycoloredsharedbikes5.(flood) intoBeijinginthelasttwoyears.Manylocalresidentswelcomethesharedbikes6.theflexibilityandfreedomtheyoffer.Theypickupthebikesandthenrideanddropthemoffanywheretheylike，lockingthebackwheel，withnoneed7.(find) afixedplace. AnalysesinChinasayitisthreefactorsthatcontributetobikes8.(increase) rapidly：alotofcashlookingforahome，agoodideaandgovernmentsupport.“Asthecity’spopulationgrew，trafficjamsgot9.(bad)．”Cai，theofospokeswoman，said，“Sharedbikescouldsolvethe‘lastmile’problemin10.environmentallyfriendlyway.” Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò) Asweallknow，classisaplacewhenstudentsoughttoworkhardtorealizetheirdream.However，somestudentsdon’tbehaveproper，makingthingsgofrombadtobad.Forexample，somestudentssleepinclass，wastedquantitiesofprecioustime.What’smore，somestudentsenjoychattingwithothers.Notonlydoesitaffectontheirownstudy，anditwillinterruptotherstudents. AsfarasIamconcerned，themainreasonistheydon’trealizetheimportantofstudy.Tosolvethisproblem，theyhavetoimprovetheefficiencyofstudy.Afterall，timewaitedfornoman. Ⅲ.書面表達(dá) (2018湖北鄂州高中三模) 假定你是李華，你被自己心儀的大學(xué)錄取了。請(qǐng)你給你的外教MrsWilson寫封感謝信，感謝在校期間她對(duì)你的教導(dǎo)和幫助，內(nèi)容如下： 1．對(duì)老師的辛勤教學(xué)工作表示感謝； 2．感謝在校期間老師對(duì)自己的教導(dǎo)； 3．表達(dá)對(duì)老師的想念以及衷心祝愿。 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100左右； 2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 3．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 DearMrsWilson， Yours， LiHua 答案解析 題組一 Ⅰ. 1 1．which　[考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾China，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。] 2．widely　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾動(dòng)詞has contributed,故用副詞形式。] 3．that　[考查名詞性從句。此處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明了misunderstanding的內(nèi)容，從句中不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。] 4．using　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處作定語(yǔ)，the Chinese與use之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。] 5．hasexisted　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的since可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。] 6．a(chǎn)n　[考查冠詞的用法。come to an end是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“結(jié)束”。] 7．live/are living　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。此處描述現(xiàn)在的情況，所以可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。] 8．lucky　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾名詞，故用形容詞形式。] 9．bravery　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處作介詞大寫of的賓語(yǔ)，故用名詞形式。] 10．built　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處作后置定語(yǔ)，the Great Wall與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。] 2 11．stressed　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是作表語(yǔ)，故用形容詞形式。] 12．but　[考查連詞的用法。句意為：大多數(shù)父母出發(fā)點(diǎn)是好的，但是他們的一些打算是沒(méi)有幫助的……。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。] 13．a(chǎn)djusting　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞in后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。] 14．difficulties　[考查名詞的用法。名詞所有格后用名詞，根據(jù)該空前的their可知此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。] 15．competition　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。冠詞后接名詞。] 16．higher　[考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)上文的stronger可知，此處用比較級(jí)。] 17．the　[考查冠詞的用法。此處特指上文提到的變化。] 18．gently　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞ask。] 19．totake　[考查動(dòng)詞固定搭配。threaten to do sth.威脅做某事。] 20．what　[考查名詞性從句。句意為：他們決定他們的孩子怎樣處理生活。do with處理，與what連用。] Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò) 1 It’shardbeinganastronaut’sson.Imean，everybodyexpectsyoutobeorperfect.ButI’manaveragestudent，andI’maveragetoo，whenitcomestobasketball，football，andbaseball.Ioftenwonderhowmyfatherhasasonlikeme.He’ssooutstandingandhedoeswelleverything.Inhighschoolhecaptainofthefootballteamandeditoroftheschool.Well，totellyouthetruth，Idohaveatalent或whatnobodyknowsabout.Iwritepoemsandstorieskeeptheminarednotebookinbottomdeskdrawer.Idreamaboutbeingafamouswriter. 2 I’mLiHua，highschoolstudentinChina.Asa17yearoldboy，lovesanimalsverymuch，I’vebeendreamingofbeingtoanimalprotection. Not，IammorethanexcitedtoknowthattheWorldAnimalProtectiongoingtogetsomevolunteersinChina.，Ihavenoideaoftheprocessofapplyingtheposition，whichreallymakesmeanxious.Inadditionto，I’mnotsurewhatrequirementisamustfortheadmission.Socouldyoupleasesendmethenecessary？Ican’tbemoregratefulforhelp. 題組二 Ⅰ. 1．where　[考查定語(yǔ)從句。本句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為Beijing，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。] 2．growth　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。被形容詞economic修飾，作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，因此要用其名詞形式，故填growth。] 3．creating　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。汽車代替了自行車，導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的污染與糟糕的交通。故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果。] 4．Fortunately　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是副詞位于句首修飾整個(gè)句子。] 5．haveflooded/have been flooding　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“in the last two years.”，可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。] 6．for　[考查介詞的用法。句意為：……因?yàn)樗鼈兲峁┑撵`活和自由。介詞for在此的意思為“因?yàn)椤薄 7．tofind　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞need。] 8．increasing　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。contribute to導(dǎo)致，to為介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。] 9．worse　[考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意為：隨著城市人口的增長(zhǎng)，交通擁堵變得更糟，可知要用比較級(jí)。] 10．a(chǎn)n　[考查冠詞的用法。句意為：共享單車可以以一種環(huán)保的方式解決最后一英里的問(wèn)題。因此表示數(shù)量“一”，environmentally是以元音音素開頭的，故填an。] Ⅱ. Asweallknow，classisaplacestudentsoughttoworkhardtorealizetheir.However，somestudentsdon’tbehave，makingthingsgofrombadto.Forexample，somestudentssleepinclass，quantitiesofprecioustime.What’smore，somestudentsenjoychattingwithothers.Notonlydoesitaffecton theirownstudy，itwillinterruptotherstudents. AsfarasIamconcerned，themainreasonistheydon’trealizetheofstudy.Tosolvethisproblem，theyhavetoimprovetheefficiencyofstudy.Afterall，timefornoman. Ⅲ.參考范文 DearMrsWilson， I’mgladtowritetosharewithyoumyhappinessofbeingadmittedtocollege，whichIhavebeendreamingof.Firstly，I’dliketoexpressmygratitudeforyourexcellentteachingandyourcareaswellasloveforme! Thankyouforyourencouragingwords.It’syouwhocheeredmeup.NeverwillIforgetwhatyousaid—doorsopentotheverymanwithfullconfidenceandinstantaction.Withoutyourhelp，Icouldneverhaveenjoyedsuchajoyfulharvest.AndIreallyappreciateyourinstruction. Iwishmoreandmoreofyourstudentscouldgototheiridealcolleges.Areyoustilltoobusy？HowImissyou，mybelovedteacher! Wishyouallthebest! Yours， LiHua