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Unit 2 Fit for life (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．surgeon n．　　　　 　　 外科醫(yī)師 2．lifesaving adj. 救命的，救生的 3．revolution n. 巨變，大變革；革命；旋轉(zhuǎn)，天體運(yùn)行 4．counter n. 柜臺(tái)；計(jì)數(shù)器；反駁 vt. 反駁；抵制，抵消 5．a(chǎn)cid n. 酸，酸性物質(zhì) adj. 酸的，酸性的；酸味的；尖酸的 6．stroke n. 中風(fēng)，_腦溢血；(打、擊等的)一下， 一擊；輕撫；筆畫(huà)_ 　　　vt. 輕撫，撫摸 7．diabetes n. 糖尿病 8．symptom n. 癥狀；征兆 9．oute n. 結(jié)果，后果 10．swell vi.&vt. 腫脹，膨脹；(使)凸出，鼓起 11．stainless adj. 不生銹的 12．organ n. 器官；管風(fēng)琴，風(fēng)琴；機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體 13．a(chǎn)lcoholic n. 酒鬼 adj. 酒精的，含酒精的 14．mass adj. n．[縱聯(lián)1] 大規(guī)模的；數(shù)量極多的 一團(tuán)，一堆；許多；(物理)質(zhì)量 15．plex adj. 復(fù)雜的，難懂的 n. 建筑群；相關(guān)聯(lián)的一組事物；情結(jié) Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫(xiě)其形 1．phenomenon n. 現(xiàn)象 2．bestselling adj. 暢銷的 3．a(chǎn)pproval n. 批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)；贊成，同意 4．unable adj.[縱聯(lián)2] 不能，無(wú)法 5．vital adj. 對(duì)……極重要的，必不可少的 6．potential n. 可能性，潛在性；潛力，潛能 adj. 潛在的，可能的 7．bleed vi. 流血，失血 8．subscribe vi. 定期訂購(gòu)或訂閱 9．possess vt. 擁有，具有 10．a(chǎn)stonish vt. 使十分驚訝，使吃驚 11．sickness n. 疾??；惡心，嘔吐 12．relate vt.& vi. 聯(lián)系，把……聯(lián)系起來(lái)；敘述，講述 13．beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 14．sharp adj.[縱聯(lián)3] 鋒利的；急劇的；靈敏的；尖銳的， 嚴(yán)厲的 15．a(chǎn)rrangement n. 排列，布置；安排；約定，協(xié)議 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．chemist n．藥劑師，藥商；化學(xué)家→chemistry n．化學(xué)→chemical adj.化學(xué)的 2．circulate vi.& vt.循環(huán)；傳播；傳遞，傳閱→circulation n．循環(huán)；傳播 3．effective adj.有效的；實(shí)際的；生效的→effect n．效果，作用；影響 4．a(chǎn)bnormal adj.不正常的，反常的→normal adj.正常的 5．a(chǎn)pplication n．應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；申請(qǐng)，申請(qǐng)表；涂抹，外敷→apply vt.應(yīng)用，使用 vi.申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求→applicant n．申請(qǐng)人 6．a(chǎn)ccelerate vt.& vi.(使)加速，加快→acceleration n．加快；增速 7．reasonable adj.合理的；公道的→reasonably adv.合乎邏輯地；明智地→reason n．原因，理由vt.推理 8．a(chǎn)pplaud vi.& vt.鼓掌；稱贊，贊許→applause n．鼓掌，喝彩 9．a(chǎn)ddicted adj.上癮；入迷→addict v．使沉溺，使入迷n.吸毒成癮的人，對(duì)……入迷的人→addiction n．癮；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上癮的 縱聯(lián)1.mass搭配點(diǎn)點(diǎn)記 ①a mass of 許多；大量 ②be a mass of 充滿；布滿 ③in the mass 總體上 ④the masses 群眾；大眾 縱聯(lián)2.攻克“un前綴”高頻詞 ①u(mài)nable 不能的 ②unimportant 不重要的 ③unlucky 不幸運(yùn)的 ④unfortunate 不幸的 ⑤unpleasant 令人不愉快的 ⑥unexpectedly 沒(méi)有預(yù)料到地 ⑦undoubtedly 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地 ⑧unlike 不像…… ⑨unfair 不公平的 縱聯(lián)3.速記成對(duì)反義詞 ① ② ③ ④ 單元話題——醫(yī)療技術(shù)的進(jìn)步 子話題1　保持健康 ①right food　　　　　　　　 合理飲食 ②regular exercise 規(guī)律鍛煉 ③enough sleep 睡眠充足 ④a balanced diet 平衡飲食 ⑤fresh fruit and vegetables 新鮮水果蔬菜 ⑥proper activities 適當(dāng)?shù)幕顒?dòng) ⑦keep a good mind 保持好的心態(tài) ⑧quit smoking/alcohol 戒煙/酒 子話題2　疾病與治療 ①u(mài)nwell adj. 不適的 ②affection n. 感染 ③scar n. 傷痕 ④diagnosis n. 診斷 ⑤prescription n. 處方藥 ⑥lose consciousness 失去知覺(jué) ⑦blood transfusion 輸血 ⑧cough medicine 止咳藥 [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2015江蘇高考閱讀C)Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted followup studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important? factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result? may not surprise you, it leads to important practical? advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”． ①寫(xiě)出加黑詞在本單元的同義詞：vital，意為“重要的”。 ②加黑詞可用本單元單詞 oute進(jìn)行升級(jí)。該加黑詞的常用短語(yǔ)：as_a_result，意為“結(jié)果”；result_in意為“導(dǎo)致”；result_from意為“由……所致”。 ③寫(xiě)出加黑詞在本單元的近義詞：beneficial，意為“有益的”，其后通常與介詞to連用。 2．(2013江西高考閱讀B)More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more __?__ (effect) to give other forms of help during normal? times.A mon proverb says, “Give me a fish and I eat for a day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves ...Even a small country is able? to help less developed nations. ①用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：effective，意為“有效的”。其名詞effect，意為“影響，結(jié)果，后果”，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)bring/put sth. into effect“使某物開(kāi)始生效”；in effect“事實(shí)上”。 ②寫(xiě)出加黑詞在本單元的反義詞：abnormal ③寫(xiě)出加黑詞在本單元的反義詞：unable，該詞可以構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)be_unable_to_do_sth.意為“不能夠做某事”。 高考采擷(二)　寫(xiě)作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))我希望這些建議對(duì)你有益。我相信你會(huì)玩得很開(kāi)心的。(beneficial) I_hope_these_suggestions_would_be_beneficial_to_you.Im_sure_you_will_have_a_great_time. 2．(2010福建高考書(shū)面表達(dá))首先，我認(rèn)為一個(gè)有效的方法是用科學(xué)的方式來(lái)節(jié)約水資源。(effective) Firstly,_an_effective_way,_I_think,_is_to_reserve_water_in_a_scientific_way. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．possess vt.擁有，具有；支配 [記牢] (1)be possessed of　　　 具有(某品質(zhì)、能力等) be possessed by 為……所支配 (2)possession n. [C](常作復(fù)數(shù))所有；財(cái)產(chǎn) [U]具有，擁有 in possession of 占有；擁有；持有 in sb.s possession ＝ in the possession of sb. 為某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain possession of　 擁有；占有 [練通] 片段語(yǔ)法填空 ①He is diligent, honest and down to earth.Gradually, he accumulated a great many possessions (possess)．Nowadays, he is in possession (possess) of two famous panies. 單句改錯(cuò) ②Technical progress would put our firm in the possession of the home market.去掉第一個(gè)the ③We have already bought the house, but we wont take the possession of it until May.去掉第二個(gè)the [用準(zhǔn)]　possession表示“所有；財(cái)產(chǎn)”時(shí)，通常用復(fù)數(shù)；表示“具有，擁有”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。 [寫(xiě)美] ④(2014全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))那時(shí)候我將28歲了。將有自己的家庭，也許會(huì)有一個(gè)可愛(ài)的孩子。 I_will_be_twentyeight_years_old_by_then.I_will_possess_my_own_family,_probably_with_a_lovely_child. 2．vital adj.對(duì)……極重要的，必不可少的 [記牢] be vital for/to sth.　　　　　　　　 對(duì)……極為重要 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要 It is vital that ... (should) do sth. ……是十分重要的 [練通]　完成句子 ①I(mǎi)ts_vital_that we should never lower safety standards as life is the most important in the world. 我們絕不能降低安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這是至關(guān)重要的，因?yàn)樵谑澜缟仙亲顚氋F的。 ②Enough sleep is_vital_for/to the students wellbeing and health. 充足的睡眠對(duì)學(xué)生的身心健康是非常重要的。 ③It_is_vital_to_keep_calm in an emergency. 在情況緊急的時(shí)候，保持鎮(zhèn)靜是至關(guān)重要的。 [用準(zhǔn)]　在句型“It is vital/important that ...”中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 [寫(xiě)美] ④(2010福建高考書(shū)面表達(dá))采取有效措施，阻止水資源污染是很重要的。 It_is_vital_to_take_effective_measures_to_stop_polluting_the_water_resources. 3．potential n．可能性，潛在性；潛力，潛能 adj.潛在的，可能的 [記牢] (1)have the potential to do sth.　 有做某事的潛力 achieve ones (full) potential (充分)發(fā)揮某人的潛力 (2)the potential danger 潛在的危險(xiǎn) [練通]　完成句子 ①Chinese have_the_potential_to shape Web merce and culture of their own. 中國(guó)人有能力建立他們自己的網(wǎng)絡(luò)商業(yè)和文化。 ②All we can do is to find the_potential_danger and try to decrease it. 我們所能做的是找到這些潛在的危險(xiǎn)，并設(shè)法減少這種危險(xiǎn)。 ③The school strives to treat students as individuals and to help each one to achieve_their_full_potential. 學(xué)校力圖因材施教，并幫助每位學(xué)生充分發(fā)揮他們的潛能。[寫(xiě)美] ④(2010江西高考書(shū)面表達(dá))魔力詞匯能夠幫助我們構(gòu)建更和諧的生活空間。 The_magic_words_have_the_potential_to_build_a_more_harmonious_space_of_life. 4．a(chǎn)stonish vt.使十分驚訝，使吃驚 [記牢] (1)It astonishes sb. that ...　 令某人感到吃驚的是…… What astonishes sb. is ... 使某人吃驚的是…… (2)astonished adj. 吃驚的(多修飾人) be astonished at/by ... 對(duì)……感到驚訝 be astonished to do sth. 做某事感到驚訝 be astonished that ... 對(duì)……感到驚訝 astonishing adj. 令人吃驚的(多修飾物) (3)astonishment n. 驚訝，吃驚 to ones astonishment 讓某人感到驚訝的是 in astonishment 驚訝地 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①We were astonished to_find (find) the temple still in its original condition. ②Here is an astonishing (astonish) and significant fact: mental work alone cant make us tired. ③The audience was inexpressibly astonished at/by the brilliant performance. 一句多譯 使我驚訝的是他取得了如此快的進(jìn)步。 ④What_astonished_me_was_that_he_made_such_rapid_progress.(what astonishes sb. is ...) ⑤To_my_astonishment,_he_made_such_rapid_progress.(astonishment) ⑥I_was_astonished_that_he_made_such_rapid_progress.(be astonished that ...) [寫(xiě)美] ⑦(2012廣東高考書(shū)面表達(dá))令我們驚訝的是，他在80多歲時(shí)決定學(xué)習(xí)法律，并于2006年獲得碩士學(xué)位。 To_our_astonishment,_he_decided_to_study_law_in_his_eighties_and_got_a_masters_degree_in_2006. 5．relate vt.& vi.聯(lián)系，把……聯(lián)系起來(lái)；敘述，講述 [記牢] (1)relate ... to ...　　 把……和……聯(lián)系在一起 relate sth. to sb. 向某人敘述/講述某事 relate to ... 和……有關(guān)聯(lián)；和……合得來(lái) (2)related adj. 相關(guān)的；有(親屬)關(guān)系的 be related to ... 和……有關(guān)的；和……有聯(lián)系的 (3)relation n. 關(guān)系 in/with relation to 關(guān)于；與……相比 relationship n. 關(guān)系，聯(lián)系 [練通] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①I(mǎi)t is difficult to relate his argument to the facts. ②He found it difficult to sustain good relationship (relate) with them. ③Putting up signs related (relate) to banning smoking was advised by the government. 完成句子 ④It is requested that all the articles should be_related_to the students life. 據(jù)要求所有的文章都要與學(xué)生的生活有關(guān)。 ⑤The state has staged a series of policy measures in/with_relation_to western region development. 國(guó)家已經(jīng)出臺(tái)了一系列有關(guān)西部發(fā)展的政策措施。 [寫(xiě)美] ⑥(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史，與中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)文化緊密聯(lián)系在一起。 Papercutting_is_closely_related_to_the_traditional_culture_of_China,_and_has_a_history_of_more_than_1,500_years. [詞匯過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練] Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě) 1．One day, the chemist (化學(xué)家) dissolved some material in hot water. 2．What she possesses (擁有) is the ability to get straight to the core of a problem. 3．We are aware of the potential (潛在的) problems and have taken every precaution (預(yù)防)． 4．In my mind, switching from coal to gas is a good decision, which is beneficial (有益的) to energy conservation and environment protection. 5．Poor educational performance is related (有關(guān)的) to emotional disturbance. 6．My main reason for subscribing (訂閱) to New Scientist is to keep in touch with advances in science. 7．The police stopped the car and they were astonished (吃驚的) to find the driver was a sixyearold boy. 8．Think carefully before you insure against accident, sickness (疾病) and redundancy. 9．And thanks to its architecture, it is still probably the bestselling (暢銷的) product of its kind in the world. 10．The oceans are a key part of the natural carbon cycle, in which carbon dioxide is circulated (循環(huán)) between the land, seas and atmosphere. Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．I am busy preparing for my final exam, which is vital for/to me. 2．It is astonishing (astonish) how much the state of the body influences the powers of the mind. 3．It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply (sharp) in one or two days. 4．John was addicted (addict) to Chinese culture, so he decided to learn Chinese in a night school. 5．The letter put me in possession (possess) of some important information. 6．The application (apply) must be made within twentyfour hours, or it will not be attended to. 7．Many people have expressed their dissatisfaction with the arrangement (arrange)． 8．Teachers can only be expected to do what is reasonable (reason) and practicable. Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．When the man came in, gun in hand, we all stood there, astonishing. astonishing→astonished 2．The average person has potential to bee a millionaire in todays world. potential前加the 3．As is wellknown to us, reading is vital importance in language learning.vital前加of 4．A relaxing holiday is thought to be benefit to his health and mind. benefit→beneficial 5．We must relate these principles with our everyday work.with→to Ⅳ.完成句子 1．Those buildings are now in_the_possession_of our university. 現(xiàn)在那些樓房歸我們大學(xué)所有。 2．We believe that every student has the ability to_achieve_their_full_potential and be successful in their career. 我們相信每位學(xué)生都有能力發(fā)揮他們的全部潛力，并在他們的職業(yè)生涯中取得成功。 3．We think he will not be_addicted_to_puter_games any longer. 我們認(rèn)為他將不會(huì)再沉溺于電腦游戲了。 4．Health problems are_closely_related_to bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. 健康問(wèn)題與不良的飲食習(xí)慣和缺乏鍛煉密切相關(guān)。 5．I spotted a shooting star which, to_my_astonishment,_was bright green in colour. 我看見(jiàn)一顆流星，使我驚奇的是，它居然是鮮亮的綠色。 (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．try_out[串記1]　　 測(cè)試，試驗(yàn)；參加選拔 2．wear_sb.out 使筋疲力盡；使厭煩 3．let_out 放出，發(fā)出 4．swell_up 腫脹，膨脹 5．subscribe_to 同意，贊成 6．open_up 打開(kāi) 7．be_cautious_about 對(duì)……小心謹(jǐn)慎 8．look_out_for 當(dāng)心；留心 9．fade_away 逐漸消失 10．be_connected_with 和……有聯(lián)系 11．block_...from_... 阻止…… 12．due_to 由于，因?yàn)? 13．carry_out 執(zhí)行，實(shí)施 14．pick_out 挑選，挑出 15．relate_...to_... 把……與……相聯(lián)系 16．be_addicted_to[串記2] 對(duì)……上癮，成癮 17．play_an_important_role_in 在……中起重要作用 18．be_aware_of 意識(shí)到 [同根短語(yǔ)串記](méi) 串記1.“v.＋out”短語(yǔ)集錦 ①try out 測(cè)試，試驗(yàn) ②run out 用光，耗盡 ③give out 分發(fā)；耗盡，用光 ④break out 爆發(fā)，發(fā)生 ⑤make out 理解，辨認(rèn)出 ⑥work out 制定，解決，結(jié)果 串記2.走進(jìn)“be＋adj.＋to”短語(yǔ)圈 ①be addicted to 對(duì)……上癮 ②be accessible to 容易接近，易到達(dá) ③be equal to 與……相等 ④be familiar to 被(人)熟知 ⑤be sensitive to 對(duì)……敏感 ⑥be thankful to 對(duì)……感激 1．prove beneficial to mankind　 　 證明對(duì)人類有益 2．the standard of peoples health 人們的健康標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 3．have pictures of his or her body parts taken 對(duì)他/她的身體部位拍片 4．have a fever and keep coughing 發(fā)燒并一直咳嗽 5．key words linked to the topic 與主題有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞 6．go to a consulting room 去咨詢室 7．find information on the subject 找到有關(guān)這個(gè)話題的信息 8．a(chǎn)ccording to the symptoms 根據(jù)癥狀 1．Have you ever seen a doctor? If_so,_what happened? 你曾經(jīng)看過(guò)醫(yī)生嗎？如果看過(guò)的話，發(fā)生了什么事？ 2．If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it_is_likely_that you will find aspirin and penicillin. 倘若你打開(kāi)世界上任何一個(gè)藥柜或去任何一家藥店的柜臺(tái)，都很有可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。 3. Some acupuncturists insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has. 一些針灸醫(yī)師在疾病感染的身體患病處或在患病處附近扎針，而另外一些則根據(jù)病人的病癥選擇扎針的位置。 [學(xué)考對(duì)接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞塊和句式(完成句子) 1．(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅰ閱讀D)Nurses and other caregivers need to be_aware_of (意識(shí)到) the possible meanings of silence when they e across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. 2．(2015安徽高考完形)Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.We are_addicted_to (對(duì)……上癮) buying new things. 高考采擷(二)　寫(xiě)作中的短語(yǔ)和句式 1．(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))我計(jì)劃先幫你學(xué)習(xí)一些唐詩(shī)，它在中華文明中起著重要作用。(用“play an important role in”翻譯句子) I_plan_to_help_you_study_some_poems_of_the_Tang_Dynasty,_which_play_an_important_role_in_Chinese_civilization. 2．(2014全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.I think maybe my life will be very different in ten years.(用it is likely that句式改寫(xiě)句子) →I_often_imagine_what_my_life_will_be_like_in_the_future.It_is_likely_that_my_life_will_be_very_different_in_ten_years. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語(yǔ)集釋] 1．try out測(cè)試，試驗(yàn)；參加選拔 [記牢] try out for　　 　　 　 　 參加……選拔(或試演) try for 試圖獲得，力爭(zhēng)贏得 try on 試穿 [練通]　選用上述短語(yǔ)填空 ①Why dont you try_out_for the basketball team？You have nothing to lose. ②It is very pleasant for him to travel and to try_out and explore whatever is new. ③I try_on the beautiful overcoat, but it is too tight. [寫(xiě)美] ④(2018北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))他們洗了茶壺，加了茶葉，往茶杯里倒了些水，他們按照我的指導(dǎo)，試著學(xué)習(xí)泡茶的技巧。 Washing_the_tea_pots,_adding_tea_leaves,_and_pouring_water_into_the_cups,_they_followed_my_instruction_and_were_trying_for_the_skills_of_making_tea. 2．let out放出，釋放；發(fā)出(聲音)；放大(衣服)；泄露 [辨清]　寫(xiě)出下列句中l(wèi)et out的含義 ①He let out a long sigh, mainly of relief, partly of sadness.發(fā)出 ②The waist of the pants needs to be let out.放大 ③Who let out the exam results? They were supposed to be confidential until tomorrow.泄露 ④If he was given five years imprisonment, he could be let out after three years.釋放 [記牢] let alone　　　　　　　 更不用說(shuō) let down 放下，降低；使失望 let go (of) 放開(kāi)，松手 let off 寬恕，免除；燃放 [練通]　選用上述短語(yǔ)填空 ⑤Dont let_off fireworks near the house.Its dangerous. ⑥In a voice full of reproach, she told the naughty boy that he had let_down the whole class. ⑦Its water is so contaminated that in some areas it is unsafe even to touch, let_alone use for irrigation or drinking. ⑧Dont let_out your secret to those who easily bee expansive after a few drinks. [寫(xiě)美] ⑨(2015廣東高考書(shū)面表達(dá))他們不關(guān)心別人。更不用說(shuō)主動(dòng)幫助同學(xué)了。 They_dont_care_about_others.Let_alone_give_an_offer_to_help_other_classmates. 3．wear sb.out使筋疲力盡；使厭煩 [記牢] (1)wear (sth.) out　　　 穿破；用壞 wear (sth.) away (因重復(fù)使用而)變薄；磨損 wear down (通過(guò)不斷攻擊或施加壓力)使衰弱，使意志薄弱 (2)worn adj. 用壞的；用舊的；筋疲力盡的 be worn out (人)精疲力竭；(物)破爛不堪 [練通] 用wear的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空 ①Every time she consulted her watch, she wondered if the batteries were wearing_out. ②The young people run around kicking a ball, wearing themselves out. ③Water can still wear_away rocks after a long time, even though the rock is harder. ④We hope your persuasion will wear_down his opposition. 完成句子 ⑤You have been working for a whole day without a rest.You must_be_absolutely_worn_out. 你工作了一整天都沒(méi)有休息，一定累壞了。 ⑥These teeth do hard work a great deal of the time, and they are continually wearing_away. 這些牙齒長(zhǎng)時(shí)間進(jìn)行費(fèi)力的咀嚼，因而不斷被磨損。 [寫(xiě)美] ⑦(2009北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))看到一排排的樹(shù)，我們都有一種成就感，雖然我們有點(diǎn)累了。 Seeing_the_lines_of_trees,_we_all_had_a_sense_of_achievement_although_we_were_a_bit_worn_out. [句式集釋] 1．if省略結(jié)構(gòu) [教材原句]　Have you ever seen a doctor? If_so,_what happened? [悟拓展例句] (1)You can e to Beijing for a holiday. If_so,_Ill show you around the Summer Palace. 你可以來(lái)北京度假。如果你來(lái)的話，我將帶你參觀頤和園。 (2)If_possible,_try and go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. 如果可能的話，嘗試每天都在同一時(shí)間睡覺(jué)和起床。 (3)Please keep in mind to correct my mistakes if_any. 請(qǐng)記住如果有錯(cuò)的話，給我糾正過(guò)來(lái)。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)if省略結(jié)構(gòu)：若if從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致，且從句中有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將從句主語(yǔ)與be動(dòng)詞省略； (2)if省略結(jié)構(gòu)的慣用表達(dá)： if not　　　　　　如果不是這樣的話 if ever 若曾經(jīng)有的話 if any 如果真有的話；即使有(任何)…… if necessary 如有必要 if possible 如有可能 if anything 如果有……的話 [背寫(xiě)作佳句] (1)(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅱ滿分作文)If possible, please let us know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9：00 in the morning.(要點(diǎn)句) (2)(2015全國(guó)卷Ⅰ滿分作文)We would especially wele articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals.You can write anything relevant if any.(要點(diǎn)句) 2．并列連詞while [教材原句]　Some acupuncturists insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has. [悟拓展例句] (1)Some people waste food while others havent enough. 有些人浪費(fèi)糧食，然而有些人卻吃不飽。 (2)While_we_were_swimming in the river, we saw a fish jump out of the water. 當(dāng)我們正在河中游泳時(shí)，看見(jiàn)一條魚(yú)躍出了水面。 (3)While_the_Internet_is_of_great_help_to_us,_I dont think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it. 盡管互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)我們有很大的幫助，我認(rèn)為在這方面花太多的時(shí)間并不是個(gè)好主意。 (4)We can surely overe these difficulties while_we_are_closely_united. 只要我們緊密地團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，一定能克服這些困難。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)while用作并列連詞，意為“而，然而”，表前后意義上的對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折。 (2)用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候，和……同時(shí)”。 (3)用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管”。 (4)用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“只要”。 注意事項(xiàng) (1)while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞； (2)while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般放在句首，不放在句末。 [背寫(xiě)作佳句] (1)(2016江蘇高考滿分作文)Some people benefit from it, while others feel puzzled at who to vote.(要點(diǎn)句) (2)(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ滿分作文)Whats more, when you are enjoying the meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.(要點(diǎn)句) [詞塊、句式過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練] Ⅰ.選詞填空 try out, be cautious about, due to, pick out, carry out, subscribe to, open up, let out 1．Some people subscribe_to as many as two or three different newspapers every year. 2．Oxygen is let_out through the leaves and roots of the plants. 3．All the important sentences in the article were picked_out in red lines. 4．They opened_up large areas of wasteland and turned them into farmland. 5．Attendance at the meeting was small, partly due_to the absence of teachers. 6．All these experiments are carried_out with practical rather than scientific aims in view. 7．The method seems good but it needs to be tried_out. 8．Doctors are_cautious_about this new treatment, which is understandable. Ⅱ.一句多譯 1．活潑的孩子更可能成為活躍和健康的成年人。 ①I(mǎi)t_is_more_likely_that physically active children bee active and healthy adults. ②Physically active children are_more_likely_to bee active and healthy adults. 2．如果可能的話，最好還是挑選有機(jī)食品。 ①I(mǎi)t is always best to choose organically grown foods if_it_is_possible. ②It is always best to choose organically grown foods if_possible. Ⅲ.分步寫(xiě)作 你校學(xué)生會(huì)將為來(lái)訪的美國(guó)朋友舉辦一個(gè)晚會(huì)，要在學(xué)校廣播中宣布此事，并歡迎大家參加。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇廣播通知。要點(diǎn)如下： 目的 歡迎美國(guó)來(lái)的朋友 組織者 學(xué)生會(huì) 時(shí)間 8月15日(星期六)晚7：30 地點(diǎn) 主樓屋頂花園 活動(dòng) 內(nèi)容 音樂(lè)、跳舞、唱歌、游戲、交換小禮品(請(qǐng)包裝好、簽名并在包裝外面寫(xiě)上祝福的話語(yǔ)) 注意：1.廣播稿約100詞，開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2．應(yīng)包括以上要點(diǎn)，但不要逐字翻譯。 Boys and girls， May I have your attention please？I have an announcement to make.　 第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn) 本文屬于應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作中的廣播通知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，人稱為第一、二人稱。文章題目所給的要點(diǎn)比較齊全，總體可提煉為以下三方面：一、宣布活動(dòng)的組織者、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和目的；二、點(diǎn)出活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容及要求；三、提示重點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)，總結(jié)活動(dòng)的意義。 要點(diǎn)1：學(xué)生會(huì)將在8月15日在主樓屋頂花園組織一場(chǎng)晚會(huì)歡迎來(lái)自美國(guó)的朋友。(hold, wele) The_Students_Union_is_going_to_hold_a_party_on_August_15th_to_wele_the_friends_from_the_United_States_in_the_roof_garden_of_the_main_building. 要點(diǎn)2－①：活動(dòng)內(nèi)容：將會(huì)有許多有趣的活動(dòng)，你們也可以交換禮物。(masses of, exchange) There_will_be_masses_of_interesting_activities_and_you_can_also_exchange_gifts. 要點(diǎn)2－②：活動(dòng)要求：任何一個(gè)去那兒的人都要帶一份小禮物。(anyone who, bring a gift) Anyone_who_will_be_there_should_bring_a_small_gift. 要點(diǎn)3：你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很有趣，并且會(huì)從中受益的。(find, benefit) Youll_find_it_very_funny_and_you_will_benefit_from_it. 第二步：添加細(xì)節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達(dá)更亮眼 為使文章檔次得到提升，我們可對(duì)要點(diǎn)