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選修六 Unit 4 Helping people around the world 檢測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)A卷 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．The story shows that ________ knowledge of ________ first aid can make ________ real difference. A．the; the; /　　　　　 　B．a(chǎn); /; a C．/; the; a D．a(chǎn); /; / 解析：選B　句意：這個(gè)故事表明掌握急救知識(shí)確實(shí)能起很大的作用。knowledge是不可數(shù)名詞，一般前面不能加不定冠詞，但a knowledge of sth.“掌握某方面的知識(shí)”，前面需加a；first aid前面不用加冠詞；make a difference“有影響，有關(guān)系”，是固定短語(yǔ)，故選B項(xiàng)。 2．—May I try the jacket on? —________， but I think it will be too large for you. A．That all depends B．By all means C．With pleasure D．Youre wele 解析：選B　考查情景交際。句意：“我能試一下這個(gè)夾克嗎？”“當(dāng)然可以，但是我覺(jué)得你穿著太大了?！盩hat all depends“視情況而定”；By all means“一定，當(dāng)然可以”；With pleasure“樂(lè)意效勞”；Youre wele“不客氣”。根據(jù)句意可知選B。 3．The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________ his notes. A．bringing up B．referring to C．looking for D．trying on 解析：選B　句意：總裁在這次商務(wù)會(huì)議上發(fā)表了近一個(gè)小時(shí)的講話，而沒(méi)有查閱他的筆記。bring up“養(yǎng)育，撫養(yǎng)；提出；嘔吐”；refer to“談及，涉及；查閱，參考”；look for“尋找”；try on“試穿”。根據(jù)句意可知選B。 4．How many times have you found yourself arriving at school to start your day, only ________ that you left your homework at home? A．having discovered B．discovering C．to discover D．discover 解析：選C　句意：有多少次你到達(dá)學(xué)校開(kāi)始一天的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)把作業(yè)忘在家里了？only to do sth.表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。 5．Franks ability to learn from observation and experience ________ greatly to his success in public life. A．owed B．contributed C．a(chǎn)ttached D．related 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：弗蘭克從觀察和經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)的能力對(duì)他在社交生活中的成功起到了極大的促進(jìn)作用。contribute to表示“有助于；是……的原因之一”。owe to“歸功于；欠(債、情等)”；attach to“附上”；relate to“涉及；了解”。 6．________ your timely help, I wouldnt have finished the task on time. A．But for B．Except for C．As for D．For 解析：選A　句意：要不是你的及時(shí)幫助，我就不會(huì)按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。根據(jù)后半句中wouldnt have finished可知是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的假設(shè)，能表示假設(shè)的只有but for，意思是“要不是”，相當(dāng)于if it hadnt been for ...。故答案為A。 7．(2019蘇北四市模擬)—Andrey really brightens up when he sees his girl. She looks so cute. —Yeah. The girl is ________. Fortunately, the girl resembles her mother! A．the apple of his eye B．the salt of the earth C．a(chǎn) dark horse D．feet of clay 解析：選A　句意：“安德烈看到女兒的時(shí)候面露喜色。他女兒看起來(lái)特別可愛(ài)?！薄笆堑?，女兒是他的掌上明珠。幸運(yùn)的是，女兒像媽媽！”the apple of ones eye “掌上明珠”；the salt of the earth “高尚的人，社會(huì)中堅(jiān)”；a dark house “出人意料的獲勝者”；feet of clay “內(nèi)在缺陷，致命的弱點(diǎn)”。 8．Without the friction (摩擦力) between feet and the ground, people would ________ be able to walk. A．in no time B．by all means C．on any account D．in no way 解析：選D　句意：沒(méi)有腳和地面的摩擦，人們就不能行走。in no time“立刻，馬上”；by all means“當(dāng)然可以，一定，務(wù)必”；on any account“在任何情況下”；in no way“絕不”。根據(jù)句意可知選D。 9．Only when you take great delight in reading and begin reading good books ________ the pleasure of reading. A．do you taste B．you taste C．you will taste D．will you taste 解析：選D　考查倒裝。當(dāng)“only＋狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)，其后句子要用部分倒裝，故排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。此處是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，即主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，故D項(xiàng)正確。 10．In order to make contributions to the protection of the environment, the pany encourages its workforce to make the switch to ________ means of transportation such as carpooling or biking to reduce air pollution. A．primitive B．systematic C．potential D．a(chǎn)lternative 解析：選D　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了給環(huán)保作貢獻(xiàn)，公司鼓勵(lì)全體員工改變交通方式以減少空氣污染，如拼車或騎自行車。alternative“兩者擇一的，可替代的”，符合句意。primitive“原始的”；systematic“有系統(tǒng)的，有條理的”；potential“潛在的，可能的”。 11．According to the report, the government will hold a meeting ________ people can voice their opinions on todays global economy. A．which B．where C．when D．whose 解析：選B　句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，政府將舉行一次會(huì)議，在會(huì)議上，人們可以說(shuō)出他們對(duì)當(dāng)今全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的看法。本句為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是a meeting，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，此處where相當(dāng)于in which。故選B。 12．________ he is enthusiastic and qualified for the job, I see no reason to remove him from office. A．Even though B．Provided that C．Unless D．As if 解析：選B　句意：如果他很熱衷于工作，又能勝任工作，我認(rèn)為沒(méi)有理由解除他的職務(wù)。provided that意為“如果”，符合句意。even though意為“即使”；unless意為“除非”；as if意為“似乎”。 13．(2014江蘇高考)Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of Qu Yuan. A．remember B．remind C．recover D．recall 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：傳說(shuō)端午節(jié)是為了召回屈原的靈魂。recall“召回”，符合句意。 14．(2019蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)模擬)We must be in a place of peace and faith, so internal conflict and disbelief do not hold back ________ it is possible for us to achieve. A．how B．what C．why D．where 解析：選B　句意：我們必須心平氣和，心存信仰，這樣內(nèi)心的沖突和懷疑才不會(huì)阻礙我們實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。在hold back后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中achieve缺少賓語(yǔ)，并且指物，故用what。 15．—I didnt see you at the concert last week.What a pity! —If only I ________ the time. A．a(chǎn)fford B．a(chǎn)fforded C．had afforded D．would afford 解析：選C　考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：“很遺憾！上周的音樂(lè)會(huì)上沒(méi)有看到你?！薄叭绻夷艹榈贸鰰r(shí)間就好了?！睆牡谝痪湓捒闯龃鹪捳邲](méi)有去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)，再根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知，此處是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，因此選C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 There was nobody on the park bench as I sat down to read under the long branches of an old willow tree. I was __1__ with life, for the world always let me down. At that time, a young boy out of breath walked __2__ me, tired of play. He stood right before me and said __3__， “Look what I found！” In his hand was a flower, and what a __4__ sight, with its petals (花瓣) all falling. Wanting him to take his __5__ flower and go off to play, I gave him a small smile and then __6__ away. However, instead of going away, he sat next to my side and placed the flower to his __7__ and said with surprise, “It sure smells pretty and its beautiful, too. Thats __8__ I picked it; here, its for you.” The weed before me was dying or dead. But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave. So I __9__ the flower, and replied, “Just what I need.” But instead of placing the flower in my __10__， he held it midair without reason or plan. It was then that I __11__ for the very first time, that boy could not see: he was__12__. I heard my __13__ quiver (顫抖), and tears shone like the sun as I thanked him for picking the very __14__ one. “Youre wele, ” he smiled, and then ran off to play, unaware of the influence hed had __15__ me. I sat there and wondered how he __16__ to see a selfpitying woman under an old willow tree. How did he know of my difficult situation? Perhaps from his heart, hed had __17__ sight. Through the __18__ of a blind child, at last I could see, the problem was not with the __19__； the problem was me. And for all of those times I myself had been blind, but now I was going to see beauty, and __20__ every second thats mine. 1．A.content　　　　　　 　B．disappointed C．satisfied D．a(chǎn)ngry 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文“for the world always let me down”可知作者對(duì)人生很“失望(disappointed)”。 2．A.around B．a(chǎn)way from C．a(chǎn)fter D．towards 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文“He stood right before me”可知小男孩是向我跑來(lái)。walk towards“朝……走來(lái)”。 3．A.excitedly B．unhappily C．a(chǎn)ngrily D．painfully 解析：選A　男孩所說(shuō)的“Look what I found！”透露出了興奮之情，故此處選excitedly。 4．A.beautiful B．interesting C．colorful D．pitiful 解析：選D　由下半句“with its petals (花瓣) all falling”可知此處選pitiful，意為“可憐的，令人同情的”。 5．A.dead B．lively C．beautiful D．brightly 解析：選A　此處選dead，與上文“with its petals (花瓣) all falling ”和第五段首句“The weed before me was dying or dead.”呼應(yīng)。 6．A.went B．turned C．walked D．put 解析：選B　作者想打發(fā)小男孩離開(kāi)，向他微微笑了笑，然后轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)臉去不想再搭理他。turn away意為“轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)臉去”，符合文意。由下文“he sat next to my side”可知，作者并沒(méi)有起身離開(kāi)，故可排除went和walked。 7．A.mouth B．ear C．nose D．eye 解析：選C　由下文男孩所說(shuō)的“It sure smells pretty”可知他是把花湊近鼻子來(lái)聞，故此題選nose。 8．A.what B．where C．when D．why 解析：選D　此句中的That指代上文“It sure smells pretty and its beautiful，too”這句話，這句話所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成摘這朵花的原因，故此題選why。 9．A.accepted B．destroyed C．received D．refused 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文“But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave.”可知，作者應(yīng)該是“接受”了這朵花，故此題選accepted。 10．A.leg B．bench C．hand D．side 解析：選C　送人花應(yīng)該是把花放到對(duì)方手里，故此題選hand。place ... in ones hand意為“把……放到某人手里”。 11．A.spoke B．noticed C．listened D．said 解析：選B　這里表達(dá)的意思是“就在那時(shí)，我第一次‘注意到(noticed)’那個(gè)男孩看不見(jiàn)東西”。該句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)then。 12．A.clever B．happy C．blind D．sad 解析：選C　由上文“that boy could not see”可知，應(yīng)該選blind，下文最后一段也反復(fù)出現(xiàn)了這個(gè)詞。 13．A.sound B．tune C．noise D．voice 解析：選D　由下文“I thanked him for ...”可知我向男孩表達(dá)了感激之情，聽(tīng)到的應(yīng)該是自己說(shuō)話時(shí)顫抖的聲音，故本題選voice。 14．A.best B．first C．strange D．bad 解析：選A　此題選best，這里用副詞very修飾最高級(jí)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 15．A.to B．in C．on D．with 解析：選C　 此處考查固定短語(yǔ)have influence on ...“對(duì)……有影響”。此句中包含一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，influence被前置充當(dāng)先行詞，作從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞had的賓語(yǔ)。 16．A.want B．managed C．failed D．thought 解析：選B　由上文可知這個(gè)男孩是個(gè)盲人，所以作者驚訝的應(yīng)該是男孩是如何發(fā)現(xiàn)她這個(gè)在柳樹(shù)下自怨自艾的女人的。manage to do sth.表示“設(shè)法成功做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境，故本題選managed。 17．A.true B．kind C．happy D．sure 解析：選A　此句是對(duì)上句的自問(wèn)自答，或許，在他內(nèi)心里有真正的光明。 18．A.ears B．mouth C．nose D．eyes 解析：選D　句意：通過(guò)那個(gè)盲人小孩的眼睛，我最后看清了，問(wèn)題不在這個(gè)世界，而在于我自身。由下文“at last I could see”可知此處選eyes。 19．A.tear B．people C．world D．flower 解析：選C　根據(jù)第一段“for the world always let me down”可知這里應(yīng)選world，與其形成首尾呼應(yīng)。 20．A.hate B．enjoy C．waste D．play 解析：選B　句意：通過(guò)這件事，我發(fā)誓要發(fā)現(xiàn)生活中的美好，好好享受自己的每分每秒。根據(jù)上文“see beauty”可知此處選B項(xiàng)。 Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀 What have we bee? A society in which someone can have hundreds of online friends and yet go for days without human contact. We scan; we click; we text people in the next room instead of speaking to them; we even check our library books out by ourselves when once we might have chatted to a friendly person with an ink pad and a date stamp. Loneliness can be dangerous. Recent research suggests that it may shorten peoples lives and make them more vulnerable to serious illness. It can distort (扭曲) senses of reality and even bee an element that drives a few desperate young men to open fire on a cinema audience or a classroom full of children. Electronic voices on various devices can be the only ones some people hear. And what those voices say is not always true. No man is an island, we are frequently reminded. There are those who choose to lead solitary (孤獨(dú)的) lives, and live them well, but on the whole we are sociable beings and we suffer if we are on our own too much. Human contact makes us happier, although virtual relationships can be very positive. So what could lonely people do to make real friends? An answer, among many, is to read more books. Reading begins alone but bees a shared activity when a reader, for example, joins a book group, attends a literary festival or signs up for a continuing education course on an aspect of literature that interests them. Theres no shame in turning up to any of these alone, and fellowship is guaranteed. Fellow readers may well turn out be likeminded; its a basis for new friendships and sustained relationships. Sharing an understanding of a book is a good way of sharing feelings safely. Literary characters can be useful as personas. But there is another important reason why everyone should read more books, and in particular fiction. The responsibility to fight loneliness lies with those who do not suffer from it. Lonely people often feel that there is no one who understands them or can share their point of view. They need to know that actually there are. That requires everybody else to make the imaginative leap of feeling that connection, and reading fiction helps. It makes people more empathic (移情) — sympathy for fictitious (虛構(gòu)的) characters can translate into passion (同情) in real life. The stories of strangers reach us through many means: news bulletins, interviews, biography and memoir (回憶錄), but also drama and fiction. Walking a mile in their shoes might help turn some of those strangers into real friends. Passage outline Supporting details A phenomenon worth nothing People today are being increasingly lonely, which is evidenced by the fact that facetoface contact has been (1)________ with the convenience of the Internet. Harms of loneliness ◇People are more likely to suffer serious illness and even an (2)________ death. ◇People can (3)______ reality with virtual world and a few desperate people even take extreme actions against innocent people. ◇People can only have access to information on the electronic devices, which makes them uncertain about the (4)________． Significance of human contact Human contact can bring us more (5)________ while virtual relationships can only bring us temporary fort. A (6)_________ cure for loneliness ◇Being actively (7)________ in various reading activities provides opportunities for lonely people to make contact with others. ◇Exchanging with other readers who share (8)________ interests with them lays foundation for friendships. ◇Reading fiction helps those who do not suffer from loneliness to (9)________ and have sympathy for lonely people. ◇Exposing ourselves to a variety of forms of works and putting ourselves in others (10)________ can help develop real friendships. 答案：1.decreasing/reduced/decreased/replaced　2.early　 3．confuse　4.truth　5.happiness　6.literary　7.involved 8．similar/mon　9.understand　10.places/positions/shoes 檢測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)B卷 閱讀理解 A (2019江蘇省名校模擬試題)Every year, Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year. Here, Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones. Ember Mug Its hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature, especially in winter. Its too hot to drink at first, but before we know it, it gets too cold and loses all its taste. The perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds, which makes the Ember Mug a great invention. It keeps your coffee or tea at a certain temperature, anywhere between 45 ℃ and 62 ℃， once you set it through a smartphone app. Tasty One Top TV cooking shows make cooking look so easy, but its almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook. However, the Tasty One Top DIY cooking panion is here to help. Developed by BuzzFeed, the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app, which has more than 1,700 recipes and videos. You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do. For example, itll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients. Jibo Smart speakers from panies like Amazon and Xiaomi have added a lot of fun to our lives, but theyre still just faceless speakers. However, Jibo, developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, has brought smart technology to life. Said to be “the worlds first social robot for the home”， Jibo looks like a cartoon character. Inside its “head”， there are various sensors and cameras, which allow it to recognize faces and speech. It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了《時(shí)代》周刊選出的年度25個(gè)最佳發(fā)明中的三個(gè)。 1．How can Tasty One Top help people? A．By teaching people how to cook. B．By offering people different recipes. C．By saving energy while cooking. D．By offering different kinds of cooking apps. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)發(fā)明介紹中的“For example, itll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients”可知，Tasty One Top可以教人們做飯，故選A項(xiàng)。 2．What can Jibo probably be? A．A cartoon character. B．A faceless robot. C．A family assistant. D．A smart alarm. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)發(fā)明介紹中的“the worlds first social robot for the home” “It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family”可推斷，Jibo可以充當(dāng)家庭助手。故選C項(xiàng)。 B A new study says one part of the human brain may bee smaller as a result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. Jet lag interferes with a persons normal times for sleeping and waking. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They also may have problems thinking clearly and remembering. Kwangwook Cho is a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain. He reported the findings of his jet lag study in the publication Nature Neuroscience. The study involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. The women had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas. Mister Cho took some fluid from the womens mouths to measure levels of a hormone that increases during stress. He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a puter screen. And he took pictures of their brains using magnetic resonance imaging. This is a way to measure the size of the brains temporal lobes. It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones. Mister Cho says he believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory. Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory. 3．According to the text, jet lag ________. A．can cause difficulties in speaking B．can make people feel tired for a few weeks C．is the illness only found in people who work on the airplanes D．can be caused by flying over several time zones in an airplane 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane.”及“People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days.”可知時(shí)差是由于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間乘坐飛機(jī)造成的。 4．It is inferred that more tests need to be done because ________. A．the conclusion was questioned by many scientists B．scientists fear that his research is not done properly C．every scientific conclusion needs the support from many tests D．the woman who were studied in the research were not healthy 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain.”可知每個(gè)科學(xué)的結(jié)論都需要很多實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證明。 5．What is the subject discussed in the test? A．The cause of jet lag. B．A story of a group of flight attendance. C．A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain. D．The importance of having enough rest after long flights. 解析：選C　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知這篇文章講的是飛行時(shí)差對(duì)大腦的影響，故選C項(xiàng)。 C (2019江蘇名校預(yù)測(cè)押題卷)Its hard to believe that there are people in this world who have no idea about the Internet or cellphones. There are tribes (部落) that are pletely cut off from global civilization and do not wele any kind of contact from the outside world. North Sentinel Island, a part of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands between Myanmar and Indonesia, is home to one such tribe. The Sentinelese are so aggressive toward outside contact that the island has been named the “hardest place to visit” in the world. The Sentinelese are thought to be children of the first humans who escaped from Africa. They have probably lived on the tiny island for 60,000 years. Their exact population is unknown; it could be as low as 40 or as high as 500. It doesnt matter whether you are friend or enemy, whether you arrive at the island shores on purpose or by accident, the locals will greet you the same way — with spears and arrows. Gifts of food and clothing are of no importance to them. Not much is known about their tribal folk; their language is different and their habits are unknown. Their settlements are hidden in the thick jungle, so we have no clue about how they live. All we know is that the Sentinelese are huntergatherers; they do not farm. They live on fruits, fish, wild pigs, lizards and honey. India has plete power to govern North Sentinel. After several failed attempts to make friendly contact with them, all visits to the island are banned by the Indian government. The Indian Navy has established a 3mile exclusion zone (禁區(qū)) to keep tourists, explorers and other busy bodies away. Accidental meetings still do occur, and none of them end well. There are several horror stories of how the Sentinelese have treated their guests. People either return from the island terrified and injured, or not_at_all. In 1896, an escaped prisoner from the British prisons of the Andamans drifted on to the shores of North Sentinel by accident. A fe