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目錄 譯 文 1: 剩余污泥與粉煤灰協(xié)同處理印染廢水實(shí)驗(yàn)研究 2 原文1: Excess Activated Sludge Together With Fly Ash Coprocessing Dyeing Wastewater Test is Researcied 10 18 譯文1: 剩余污泥與粉煤灰協(xié)同處理印染廢水實(shí)驗(yàn)研究 G. Ciardelli *, L. Corsi, M. Marcucci 摘要：分析印染廢水好氧生物處理工藝的剩余污泥作高濃度印染廢水預(yù)處理的生物絮凝劑，并與粉煤灰協(xié)同作用的機(jī)理；對(duì)比不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下影響廢水中化學(xué)需氧量、色度和懸浮物去除率的作用和因素；為減輕后續(xù)生化處理負(fù)荷、有效降低高濃度印染廢水處理成本，探索廢物資源化、以廢物治理廢水產(chǎn)業(yè)化的工藝設(shè)計(jì)方向和途徑，提供合理的實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。 關(guān)鍵詞：印染廢水，剩余污泥，粉煤灰 目前，對(duì)印染廢水的處理工藝以生物處理為主。但它對(duì)廢水的有機(jī)物濃度和PH值都有一定的要求，所以對(duì)高濃度印染廢水進(jìn)行預(yù)處理，使廢水中CODCR、SS和色度降至易生物處理達(dá)標(biāo)排放的濃度，是該行業(yè)普遍的需求，尤其是成本較低廉的預(yù)處理工藝。 將剩余污泥和適量粉煤灰與高濃度印染廢水混合、攪拌、靜置，能有效降低印染廢水中懸浮物（SS）、化學(xué)需氧量（CODCR）和色度。筆者對(duì)不同條件下進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果分析表明：控制剩余污泥和粉煤灰的體積比、靜置時(shí)間等參數(shù)，可使廢水SS、CODCR和色度有較高的去除率，能減輕后續(xù)生化處理負(fù)荷，降低廢水處理設(shè)備的運(yùn)行成本。 1、 實(shí)驗(yàn)研究 通常生物處理后的二次沉淀池污泥除工藝要求回流外，其余為剩余污泥排入污泥濃縮池作為廢物處理。工業(yè)燃煤產(chǎn)生的粉煤灰，是常見(jiàn)的主要工業(yè)固體廢棄物。利用這兩種廢物的物理、化學(xué)和生物學(xué)特性處理印染廢水，使其主要排放控制指標(biāo)得到大幅度降低。 1.1 印染廢水的成分: 印染廢水是印染加工過(guò)程中預(yù)處理、染色、印花和整理四道工序排出的混合廢水。總體而言屬于有機(jī)性廢水，其中所含的顏色及污染物主要有天然有機(jī)物質(zhì)（如天然纖維所含的蠟質(zhì)、膠質(zhì)、半纖維素、油脂等）以及目前廣泛使用的人工合成有機(jī)物質(zhì)（染料、助劑、漿料、漂白劑、表面活性整理劑），此外還有各種催化劑、添加劑等，使得印染廢水中含有懸浮和膠態(tài)有機(jī)物質(zhì)較多，導(dǎo)致SS、CODCR和色度很高，而且化學(xué)PVA漿料和合成洗滌劑ABS這些難降解的有機(jī)物增多，使印染廢水的可生化性變差。 1.2 剩余污泥的組成 二次沉淀池排出的剩余污泥由具有活性的微生物、微生物自身氧化的殘留物、少量吸附在活性污泥表面上尚未降解或難以降解的有機(jī)物和無(wú)機(jī)物組成。許多工藝的剩余污泥還含有化學(xué)混凝劑鋁、鐵及聚丙烯酰胺等化合物，其中具有活性的微生物是由有巨大表面積的多種絮凝性細(xì)菌聚集形成的菌膠團(tuán)絮體，以及附著其上的其它微生物組成。它對(duì)有機(jī)物有極強(qiáng)的吸附能力和很快的吸附速度。 1.3 粉煤灰的組成 粉煤灰的化學(xué)組成主要是大量的Al、Fe、Si和Ca等元素的氧化物。在顯微鏡下觀察到的粉煤灰顆粒結(jié)構(gòu)，是由結(jié)晶體、玻璃體及少量未燃碳粒組成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)混合體，未燃盡的多孔性碳粒和多孔性玻璃體的比表面積極大。 1.4 實(shí)驗(yàn)原理 剩余污泥中起吸附、絮凝作用的主要是由大量好氧微生物構(gòu)成的活性污泥。當(dāng)好氧生物處理工藝終端排出的剩余污泥進(jìn)入濃縮池后，隨著水體中有機(jī)物量減少、濃度降低，少量被吸附的有機(jī)物基本氧化分解完，好氧微生物一般已進(jìn)入靜止期和內(nèi)源呼吸期，處于饑餓狀態(tài)的好氧微生物已恢復(fù)了良好的吸附和氧化能力，將其按一定比例與印染廢水混合，由于它們是已經(jīng)馴化的、能夠適應(yīng)性質(zhì)基本穩(wěn)定或相近的印染廢水，所以能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)完成對(duì)廢水中有機(jī)膠體和懸浮物的吸附，并容易形成沉淀，此時(shí)混入一定量的粉煤灰，可與之相互吸附形成更易于沉淀的絮狀物，使混合液中SS、COD及色度得到有效降低，實(shí)現(xiàn)降低后續(xù)生化處理負(fù)荷、有效進(jìn)行預(yù)處理的目的。 1.4.1 絮凝作用 好氧活性污泥中微生物之間存在著復(fù)雜微妙的關(guān)系。這些微生物細(xì)胞壁外表面的胞外多聚物有良好絮凝、聚集和沉淀作用，所有具有莢膜或黏液或明膠質(zhì)的絮凝性細(xì)菌相互絮凝聚集成菌膠團(tuán)，在短時(shí)間內(nèi)對(duì)廢水中各種懸浮和膠態(tài)有機(jī)物質(zhì)發(fā)生絮凝、吸附作用，有類似化學(xué)混凝劑作用的好氧活性污泥使印染廢水被凈化；附著生長(zhǎng)的原生動(dòng)物也會(huì)分泌一定的黏液物協(xié)同和促進(jìn)細(xì)菌發(fā)生絮凝作用；絮凝體與粉煤灰微粒結(jié)合在一起質(zhì)量增大，使粉煤灰與菌膠團(tuán)的結(jié)合體沉降速度加快。 在濕式除塵形成的溶有大量SO2、SO3、CO2和NOX 等酸性氣體水合物的濕粉煤灰中， Fe2O3 和Al2O3等難溶物質(zhì)部分溶解成為無(wú)機(jī)混凝劑，在水中形成[Al(H2O)6]3+, [Fe(H2O)6]3+等絡(luò)合物，并可與水膜化的水分子作用后被OH-取代，進(jìn)一步形成多核結(jié)構(gòu)，由于它們帶正電，對(duì)印染廢水中大量帶負(fù)電的膠體微粒，能產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)有力的吸附與電中和脫穩(wěn)，使膠粒脫穩(wěn)而產(chǎn)生絮凝作用；其次Ca2+和印染廢水中的Na+ 等離子可充當(dāng)絮凝助劑，促進(jìn)絮凝體的主要?dú)溲趸锷?，加大了絮體的強(qiáng)度；粉煤灰微粒與絮凝體結(jié)合在一起，增大了絮體的密度和質(zhì)量，并使其更牢固不易破碎，可加快絮凝體的沉淀速度，從而對(duì)微生物絮凝體的絮凝起協(xié)同增益作用，促進(jìn)對(duì)廢水中有機(jī)膠體和懸浮物的去除，提高印染廢水中SS、COD和色度的去除率。 1.4.2 吸附作用 剩余污泥中的微生物在有機(jī)物含量很低的污泥濃縮池中處于內(nèi)源呼吸狀態(tài)（饑餓狀態(tài)），微生物對(duì)食料的需求和活性污泥具有的巨大比表面積，使其一旦與印染廢水接觸，立即對(duì)廢水中呈懸浮物和膠狀的有機(jī)顆粒產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的吸附作用。在良好條件下混合，這種吸附一般在30分鐘內(nèi)即能完成，表現(xiàn)出混合初期廢水中的BOD和COD 快速下降。當(dāng)活性污泥表面吸附有機(jī)顆粒達(dá)到飽和后，其吸附能力隨之消失，由于吸附歷時(shí)很短，大多數(shù)被吸附的有機(jī)物質(zhì)尚未被氧化分解，此時(shí)通過(guò)沉淀池可分離沉淀出已失去吸附能力而易于沉淀的活性污泥，從而節(jié)省這一部分有機(jī)物分解所需的曝氣動(dòng)力消耗，縮短后續(xù)生化處理的時(shí)間。 由于粉煤灰的組成和結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，使它對(duì)印染廢水中的有機(jī)懸浮物及膠體同時(shí)存在物理和化學(xué)的吸附作用；其次，粉煤灰與剩余污泥菌膠團(tuán)絮體之間也發(fā)生相互吸附作用，使絮凝、吸附和沉淀協(xié)同作用得到增強(qiáng)。 1.5 主要儀器和試劑 1.5.1 主要儀器材料 25ml全玻璃回流裝置、電熱套、50ml酸式滴定管、錐型瓶、移液管、容量瓶、酸度計(jì)、甘汞電極、玻璃電極、具塞比色管、分析天平、烘箱、定量濾紙、稱量瓶等。 1.5.2 主要試劑 重鉻酸鉀、試亞鐵靈指示劑、硫酸亞鐵銨、硫酸、硫酸銀、硫酸汞等。 1.6 樣品采集 本實(shí)驗(yàn)樣品主要采自某紡織染整有限公司污水處理系統(tǒng)的印染廢水進(jìn)水，污染物主要有分散黃、硫化染料以及各種助劑；剩余污泥采自該系統(tǒng)生化處理污泥濃縮池，污泥含混凝劑“硫酸鋁+石灰”；粉煤灰則采自該公司的燃煤鍋爐水膜除塵器出口的輸灰水溝，鍋爐燃用含硫量>1%的三明本地產(chǎn)工業(yè)用煤! 1.7 水樣處理 ’ (1) 用工業(yè)廢硫酸于室溫下將印染廢水PH值調(diào)節(jié)至6-9，按該企業(yè)工況條件下印染廢水量對(duì)剩余污泥排出量的可能體積比范圍，配制成不同比例的混合液，搖勻、振蕩5分鐘后于室溫下靜置； (2) 上述混合液搖勻、振蕩3 分鐘，按比例加入一定量的粉煤灰，繼續(xù)振蕩2分鐘后靜置； (3) 將以上各種混合液靜置沉淀，在15分鐘和25分鐘兩個(gè)時(shí)刻分別取適量的上清液， 作SS、COD和色度值的測(cè)定。 1.8 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法 懸浮物SS的測(cè)定采用重量法（GB11901—89）；用重鉻酸鉀法（GB11914—89）測(cè)定化學(xué)需氧量CODCR；以稀釋倍數(shù)法（GB11903—89）測(cè)定色度；PH值采用玻璃電極法（GB2920—86）測(cè)定。 2 結(jié)果與分析 經(jīng)半年的采樣分析表明，該紡織染整有限公司的生產(chǎn)廢水主要指標(biāo)變化波動(dòng)范圍是：印染廢水中的CODCR穩(wěn)定在1700-2300mg/L； SS在400-1200mg/L；色度在120-540 倍；PH值在10.5-13.8之間。采用不同的剩余污泥、粉煤灰體積比混合處理印染廢水，得到不同的實(shí)驗(yàn)處理效果。 2.1 剩余污泥對(duì)印染廢水的吸附作用 單純用剩余污泥與印染廢水混合，利用其富含進(jìn)入內(nèi)源呼吸狀態(tài)的微生物，可在30分鐘內(nèi)完成對(duì)懸浮和膠態(tài)有機(jī)物的吸附作用，印染廢水按“水樣處理”的方法處理后靜置15分鐘，其上清液SS、CODCR、色度的測(cè)定值和去除率見(jiàn)表1。 表1 體積比 SS CODCR 色度 測(cè)定值 Mg/L 去除率 % 測(cè)定值 Mg/L 去除率 % 測(cè)定值 倍 去除率 % 1:0 785 1802 144 40:1 1010 -28.66 1665 7.60 96 33.33 60:1 523 33.38 1618 10.21 64 55.56 80:1 645 17.83 1679 6.83 80 44.44 100:1 785 0 1689 6.27 72 50 120:1 870 -10.8 1714 4.88 115 20.14 由表1可知，印染廢水與剩余污泥混合體積比為60:1時(shí)，混合攪拌5分鐘后靜置15分鐘，其上清液SS、CODCR和色度的去除率都達(dá)到或接近峰值。 2.2 剩余污泥和粉煤灰協(xié)同作用對(duì)去除率的影響 表2是印染廢水按“水樣處理”的方法處理后靜置15分鐘，其上清液SS、CODCR、色度的測(cè)定值和去除率。 表2 體積比 SS CODCR 色度 測(cè)定值 Mg/L 去除率 % 測(cè)定值 Mg/L 去除率 % 測(cè)定值 倍 去除率 % 1:0:0 267 1731 144 40:1:1 225 15.73 1689 2.43 96 48.75 60:1:1 130 51.31 1572 9.19 64 60 80:1:1 180 32.58 1606 7.22 90 43.75 100:1:1 315 -17.98 1645 4.97 96 40 120:1:1 375 -40.45 1804 -4.22 88 45 實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，剩余污泥與粉煤灰等體積協(xié)同作用處理印染廢水，其SS、CODCR和色度的去除率最大值，都出現(xiàn)在印染廢水/剩余污泥/粉煤灰=60:1:1的條件附近。 2.3 粉煤灰用量與去除率的關(guān)系 在表2印染廢水與“ 污泥/粉煤灰” 體積比60:1:1的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下，改變粉煤灰的用量比，其上清液SS、CODCR、色度的測(cè)定值和去除率結(jié)果見(jiàn)表3。 表3 實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，隨粉煤灰用量比的增加，在印染廢水/剩余污泥/粉煤灰= 60:1;4的條件下，混合液的SS、CODCR和色度去除率接近峰值。 表3 體積比 SS CODCR 色度 測(cè)定值 Mg/L 去除率 % 測(cè)定值 Mg/L 去除率 % 測(cè)定值 倍 去除率 % 1:0:0 425 2300 120 60:1:1 258 39.29 1959 14.83 64 46.67 60:1:4 213 49.88 1864 19.74 32 73.33 60:1:8 300 29.41 2002 12.96 60 50 80:1:16 550 -29.41 2038 11.39 72 40 2.4 靜置時(shí)間對(duì)去除率的影響 在表3的相同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下，測(cè)定“印染廢水/剩余污泥/粉煤灰=60:1:4混合液”不同沉淀時(shí)間的上清液，其各項(xiàng)測(cè)定值和去除率見(jiàn)表4。 表4 項(xiàng)目 SS CODCR 色度 測(cè)定值 Mg/L 去除率 % 測(cè)定值 Mg/L 去除率 % 測(cè)定值 倍 去除率 % 原始值 400 1219 120 時(shí)間 10 240 40 991 18.70 35 70.83 15 247 38.25 983 19.36 32 73.33 25 300 25 978 19.77 244 80 表4 數(shù)據(jù)顯示，靜置時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)，上清液CODCR和色度去除率略有升高，而SS略有降低。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：在相同的溫度和PH值條件下，印染廢水中先后加入剩余污泥和粉煤灰充分?jǐn)嚢韬螅o置時(shí)間在10-25分鐘內(nèi)，混合液的上清液SS、CODCR和色度值變化不大。 3 結(jié)論 3.1 印染廢水、剩余污泥、粉煤灰的體積比60：1：4，是預(yù)處理印染廢水較理想的體積比參數(shù)。 3.2 剩余污泥和粉煤灰協(xié)同作用處理印染廢水，其混合液的沉淀時(shí)間取值范圍可在10-25分鐘。 3.3 應(yīng)用剩余污泥和粉煤灰預(yù)處理印染廢水這一廢物利用工藝，可設(shè)計(jì)置于印染廢水進(jìn)入生化處理工藝之前，使印染廢水的CODCR,、SS和色度分別降低20%、50%和80%。 參考文獻(xiàn) [2] Collins S. What to look for in heat p ipes, gas2to2gas heat exchangers. Power, 1992, 136 (5) : 102～106 [2] A. V. Slack, G. A. Hollinden. Sulfur dioxide removal from waste gases. England: Noyes Data Corporation, 1975 [3] Radian International LLC1Electric utility engineer′s FGD manual. Tustin, Texas: 1996 原文1: Excess Activated Sludge Together With Fly Ash Coprocessing Dyeing Wastewater Test is Researcied G. Ciardelli, L. Corsi, M. Marcucci Abstract: Analyses good oxygen living beings handle technology of dyeing wastewater remainder high concentration dyeing wastewater preprocessing of mire doing living beings flocculates dose , and mechanism against fly ash synergy ; The chemistry amount requireing oxygen 、chrominance and suspension matter leavees except for rate action and element in the effect wastewater below the comparison difference test term ; In the interest of eases the follow-up biochenistry handle burden and effectively cuts down the high concentration dyeing wastewater handle cost,probe the trash resourcesization and with wastewater industrialization technological design orientation and method are administered to the trash , and supplys the rightful test foundation . Keyword:Dyeing wastewater、Excess activated sludge、Fly ash。 At the moment , to dyeing wastewater handle technology give priority to with the living beings handles . Yet it wholly possess the specified demand to wastewater organic matter concentration and PH's value , therefore to high concentration dyeing wastewater carries on the preprocessing , causing CODCR in the wastewater , SS and chrominance drop till the easy living beings handles and reaches the standard concentration which placed in proper order , and is the demand that profession is general , the inexpensiveer preprocessing technology of especially cost By remainder mire and appropriate amount fly ash together with high concentration dyeing wastewater blendes and agitates and the quiet set , and be able to effectively cut down suspension matter ( SS ) in the dyeing wastewater , chemistry amount requireing oxygen ( CODCR ) and chrominance . The interpretation of result that the writer adjust and tests below the distinct terms makes known : Control remainder mire and the coal ash bulk contrasts and the quiet set time and so on the parameter , may cause liquid waste SS , CODCR and chrominance possess leaveing of taller , and be able to ease the follow-up biochenistry handle burden , and cuts down the liquid waste handle installation operation cost except for the rate 1. Test is researcied General two the precipitating tank mire of living beings handle queens are except for the technological requirements recirculate , and in the interest of the remainder mire line enteres mire and enrichs the pool to handle as the trash the reat . Coal the person who comes into being coal ash is ignite in the industry , the main industry solid body discarded object that is common . Utilize this two kinds of trash physics , chemistry and biology property handle printing and dyeing liquid waste , and causes such chiefly place in proper order dominateeing the target to obtain cuing down by a wide margin . 1.1 Component of dyeing wastewater Dyeing wastewater is preprocessing , colour , printing and the collate four blending liquid waste that workman's sequence was putd in order out in printing and dyeing process . Total but the word the pertains to organic quality liquid waste , in it colour of Han and the contaminant chiefly possess the natural organic matter ( such as natural fiber Han wax character , gum character , semi cellulose and fat and so on ) along with the artifical compounding organic matter which widely employd at the moment ( dye , auxiliary , thick liquids , bleaching agent and face activation straightens out dose ) , moreover still possesing different catalytics agent and additive and so on , it is more to cause that the printing and dyeing haves suspension and colloidal state organic matter in the liquid waste , and causes that the SS , CODCR as chrominance is very tall , but also chemistry PVA's thick liquids and synthetises detergent ABS's these organic matters hard droping the solution grow in number , and cause printing and dyeing liquid waste biochenistry change into bad . 1.2 Component of excess activated sludge Two precipitatings tank line the person who comees out remainder mire consists of to have that the matter and a little sticking is remain in activation microbe and microbe oneself oxidate is living not to drop on the activated mire face Xie Huo's is difficult to drop the solution organic matter and mineral yet . Much technology remainder mire still haves chemistry coagulant aluminium , iron and the polypropylene acyl amine ratio of equality and shuts the matter , and in it havees activation microbe to be to consist of to possess tremendous surface area to grow that the flocculating quality bacterium assembles fungus that takes shape gum circular wadding part of the body more , along with adheres to else microbes on such . It possess the sticking velocity of exceedingly powerful sticking capability and very fast to the organic matter . 1.3 Component of fly ash The chemistry of fly ash is makeed up elements such as Al , Fe , Si and Ca and so on that element the is greats quantity oxide . Being living the fly ash pellet composition watchd below the microscope , and being the composite composition that consists of crystal body , vitreous body and a little carbon granule not igniteing blendes the part of the body , porosity carbon granule and porosity not igniteing the most atthe furthest end ofly vitreous body extremely greatter than the surface area. 1.4 The theory of test That the remainder is taked the sticking in the mire and is flocculated the action chiefly is activated mire that consists of the good oxygen microbes of greats quantity . Afterwards the remainder that when good line at oxygen living beings handles technology terminals end comees out mire gos into enricing the pool , in the wake of organic matter amount in the water body decreases and concentration to cut down , and is a littlely completeed by the fundamental oxidate decomposition of organic matter adsorbing , the good oxygen microbe oridinarily gos into motionlessly stage with the internal source breathing stage , is in the good oxygen of hungry condition the microbe had resumeed well sticking and oxidate capability , and blendes such according to specified proportion together with printing and dyeing liquid waste , since the fact that they have tamed and can adapt to the printing and dyeing liquid waste that the nature is steadyd essentially either near .Completees organic gel and the suspension matter sticking inner place brief time to in the liquid waste therefore be able to be living , and takes shape precipitation easily , and sneaks into coal ash which surely measured now , yet together with adsorbs to take shape reciprocally alters the wadding shape matter to precipitation , causes to blend that the SS in the fluid , COD and the chrominance obtains effectively cuing down , and achieves the aim cuing down the follow-up biochenistry handle burden and effectively carries on the preprocessing . 1.4.1 Flocculate action Relationship that to be complex in the good activated mire of oxygen between the microbe subtle . Gatheing the matter outside these microbe cell walls outside the born of the same parents of face possess the action well flocculated , assembles and precipitates more , allly has qualitative the flocculating quality bacterium of pod membrane either mucus either gelatine flocculates reciprocally assembles into the fungus gum circular , is living briefly time inner place to adjust in the liquid waste different suspension and the colloidal state organic matter happens to flocculate and the absorption , possess activated mire the causing printing and dyeing liquid waste of good oxygen of analogous chemistry coagulant action to be purified ; Adhereing to growth protozoon also be able to secrete the specified mucus matter cooperation and accelerates the bacterium to happen to flocculate the action ; Flocculating , the part of the body is broadend against the coal ash corpuscle unites together the quality , and causes coal ash together with the fungus gum circular combination part of the body sinking speed speed up . Is living damply style dust exclusion what takes shape dissolves possess a great quantity of SO2 , SO3 , CO2 and NOX and so on in the damp coal ash of acidity gas hydrate , Fe2O3 and Al2O3 and so on hard dissolve the substance and partly dissolve becomes the inorganic coagulant , the complex compounds such as the [Al(H2O)6]3+ being living in the water to take shape [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and so on , and the water content action that may be against the water membraneization afterwards substitutes by OH- , and takes shape further checing the composition more since the fact that they bring positive electricity , the greats quantity are brought the negative electricity gel corpuscle in adjusting the printing and dyeing liquid waste , and be able to come into being that powerful sticking together with the electricity neutralization comes off firmly , and cause the colloidal particle come off firm coming into being to flocculate the action ; Secondly the ions such as Na+ in Ca2+ and the printing and dyeing liquid waste and so on may serve as the auxiliary flocculating , and main hydroxide that accelerates to flocculate the part of the body generates , and widend wadding part of the body intensity ; The part of the body unites together to coal ash corpuscle together with flocculates , broadend wadding part of the body thickness and quality , and causes such more firmly easily not crush , and may speed up flocculates the part of the body precipitation velocity , thereby to the microbe flocculates part of the body having flocculated cooperation gain action , accelerates organic gel and suspension matter the leaveing divide out to in the liquid waste , and lifts the SS in the printing and dyeing liquid waste and leaveing of COD and chrominance except for the rate. 1.4.2 Absorption action The microbe in the remainder mire is living , and organic matter very low mire of content enrichs that Chi Zhong is in the internal source breathing condition ( hungry condition ) , and the demand adjust the food materials of microbe is tremendous than the surface area as what activated mire haveed , and causes such once contact against printing and dyeing liquid waste , and adjust at once in the liquid waste presening the absorption that organic pellet of suspension matter and gum shape come into being intensely . Being living to blend below the well term , in immediate future this kind of sticking oridinarily is living be able to complete inner place 30 minutes , and BOD and COD that expresss out at the early days of the blending in the liquid waste drop speedily . Afterwards adsorbing organic pellet when the activated mire face to attain saturatedly , such adsorbs the capability to vanish at the same time since the fact that that the sticking takes is very brief , the bulk are not resolved by the oxidate by the organic matter that adsorbs yet , by means of the precipitating tank may depart precipitation now comeing out to lose to adsorb the activated mire that the capability is easy to precipitation , thereby saves this aerodynamic force exposing to the sun consumption that the section organic matter decomposition requireed , cuts down the follow-up biochenistry handle time . Since the component of coal ash and the composition distinguishing feature , the absorption that organic suspension matter and gel that causes it adjust in the printing and dyeing liquid waste is physics and chemistry moreover ; Secondly coal ash together with the remainder mire fungus gum circular between the wadding part of the body absorption also happens reciprocally , and the synergy causing to flocculate , adsorbs and precipitates obtains heightening . 1.5 Main instrument and reagent 1.5.1 Main instrument and stuff Full glass recirculate unit(25ML)、 Electrothermal case、Acid style buret(50ML)、Awl mould vase、Liquid changing tube、Capacity bottle、Acidity gauge、Mercurous chloride electrode、Glass electrode、The apparatus is squeezeed in the color comparison tube、Analytical balance、Oven、Ration filter paper、Weighment vase and so on. 1.5.2 Main reagent The acid potassium of weighty chromium、 Attempies the ferrous quick tracer agent、The green vitriol ammonium、Sulphuric acid、Sulphuric acid silver、Sulphuric acid Gong and so on。 1.6 Specimen is collected The printing and dyeing liquid waste that this the test specimen was chiefly plucked and since some spinning and weaving is dyed the complete limited company sewage treatment system is intake , and the contaminant chiefly possess decentralized Huang 's sulphur dyes along with different auxiliarys ; Remainder mire plucks since that system biochenistry handle mire enrichs the pool , the mire ambiguously cogulates dose " aluminum sulphate + lime " ; That the coal boiler water membrane dust remover that the coal ash piece is plucked since that corporation igniteing is exported being beaten the grey drain , that the boiler ignites in the way of Han's sulfur to measure Sanming City native the landed property industry of >1% employs the coal ! 1.7 Water type handle (1) The waste sulphuric acid of industry regulates printing and dyeing liquid waste PH's value the temperature of room below till 6-9 ,Adjusting remainder mire line according to printing and dyeing liquid waste amount below that business operational mode term comeing out amount probability bulk than the limit , and makes up blending fluid , and waves smoothly and oscillates the quiet set below the more later room temperature of 5 minutes into the distinct proportions ; (2) Above-mentionedly blending the fluid to wave smooth , oscillated 3 minutes , and accedes to coal ash which surely measured according to the proportion , the quiet set of queen of 2 minutes is oscillated in the contiuation ; (3) Shall over differently blendes the quiet set of fluid to precipitate , is living 15 minute and 25 minutes two a point of time to get separately the going up distinctly fluid of appropria