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汽車水泵葉輪沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì)
摘要
工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中普遍采用模具成型工藝方法，有效地保證了產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)率和質(zhì)量，使操作技術(shù)簡(jiǎn)化，還能省料、節(jié)能，獲得顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
由于產(chǎn)品的材料和工藝特性不同，生產(chǎn)用的設(shè)備也各異，模具種類繁多，但用的最為廣泛的大約有以下幾種：冷沖壓模、塑料成型模、鍛造模、精密鑄造模、粉末冶金模、橡膠成型模、玻璃成型模、窯業(yè)制品模、食品糖果模、建材用模等。其中以冷沖壓模、塑料模的技術(shù)要求和復(fù)雜程度較高。
設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容是從零件的工藝性分析開(kāi)始的，根據(jù)工藝要求來(lái)確定設(shè)計(jì)的大體思路。其開(kāi)始是確定該模具類型為落料、拉深復(fù)合模，做工藝計(jì)算，確定模具的壓力中心，計(jì)算出沖裁時(shí)的拉深力、沖壓力、卸料力、整形力，最后根據(jù)前面所計(jì)算出的內(nèi)容確定模具的凸、凹模的刃口尺寸和形狀。設(shè)計(jì)出定位方式、卸料裝置、頂件裝置、模架等模具的主要零部件，并確定沖模的閉合高度從而選擇壓力機(jī)，完成整個(gè)模具的設(shè)計(jì)工作。
模具主要零部件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是模具設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容，其內(nèi)容包含了凹模結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、凸模結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、定位零件、彈性卸料裝置、導(dǎo)柱與導(dǎo)套、模柄與模架的選取等重要零部件的設(shè)計(jì)加工方法和加工注意要點(diǎn)。這樣更有利于加工人員的一線操作，使其通俗易懂加工方便。
本次設(shè)計(jì)不僅讓我熟悉了課本所學(xué)的知識(shí)，而且讓我做到所學(xué)的知識(shí)靈活運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐當(dāng)中，更讓我了解了沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì)的全過(guò)程和加工實(shí)踐中應(yīng)注意的要點(diǎn)。使我從畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中更好理解了模具實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中的重要性。
關(guān)鍵詞：落料，拉深，沖孔，整形
Auto water pump impeller stamping process and die design
Abstract
The molding process methods commonly used in industrial production, and effectively ensure the productivity and quality of the product, so that the operating technology to simplify, but also material saving, energy saving, significant economic benefits.
Materials and workmanship of the product characteristics, production equipment also vary a wide range of mold, but the most widely used in approximately the following: cold stamping mold, plastic molding, forging mold, the mold of precision casting, powder metallurgy mold, rubber molding, glass molding, ceramic products, mold, food candy mold, building materials and mold.Among them, the high technical requirements and complexity of the cold stamping mold, plastic mold.
Design from the parts of the process began, according to process requirements to determine the design of the general idea. The start is to determine the mold type blanking, deep drawing composite mode, doing process calculation to determine the center of pressure of the mold, the drawing force calculated punching, punching pressure, discharge power, shaping force, the last earlier content calculated to determine the edge size and shape of the mold of convex and concave mold. Design the main components of the positioning method, unloading equipment, roof installation, mold, mold, and to determine the die shut height to select presses to complete the design work of the entire mold.
The mold structure design of the main components is the main content of the mold design, its content includes the structural design of the die the punch structural design, locate parts, elastic unloading equipment, guide post, guide sleeve, die handle and mold selection of importantprocessing methods and processing of parts of the design points to note. This is more conducive to processing first-line operation, make it easy to understand and easy to process.
This design not only familiar with the textbook knowledge learned, but I do have learned flexibility to practice, made me understand the main points should be noted that in the whole process of stamping die design and processing practices. Make me a better understanding of the importance of actual production of the mold from the graduation project.
Keywords: Blanking, deep drawing, punching, shaping.