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2019年中考英語(yǔ)二輪：閱讀理解精編（2） 所選閱讀理解，有的有解析，全部精選的2019年的練習(xí)題，包含教育類、保健與健康類、科普環(huán)保類等等，字體大小統(tǒng)一為五號(hào)，行距統(tǒng)一，排版非常工整。 Passage 1 （2019中考教育類選練） Jack thought himself a basketball fan. He watched quite a lot of American NBA basketball games. Not only did he watch them, he spent much of his free time playing on the court too. Then came the final year of his middle school. All of his regular teammates stopped showing up on the court because they were simply too busy preparing for the high school entrance exam to play. He was, of course, under much stress himself, like everyone else. A good exam result meant a good high school; a mediocre(平庸的)score meant a mediocre school. Much was at stake. However, he loved basketball so much that he still found time to play, this time with a group of guys who were said to have skipped classes(逃課)before. Some of his teachers started worrying about him. They asked his mother to go to school to let her know that Jack was hanging out with problem kids. When his mother returned home that day, she wanted to talk to Jack. Knowing the purpose of her visit to the school, Jack thought his mother would punish him for befriending（以朋友方式對(duì)待） those bad guys. To his surprise, his mother was not angry with him at all. She wanted to hear her sons side of the story. So Jack told his mother about what he knew of Simon and Peter. Simons parents were badly ill; Peters father had lost his job. They both seemed to Jack to be normal kids. Jacks mother thought for a moment, then went on to say that she was OK with her son playing with them and that she and her son should think of ways to help these kids. Soon Jacks mum introduced some part-time jobs to Simon and Peter, which they accepted. She believed in her son and cared about those who were less lucky. Jacks basketball friends and he have left for different places, but they still keep in touch. He knows Peter is now a manager of a local bank. Simon is currently a freshman at a university. Sadly, it is impossible to get together to play basketball again, but whenever they get on the phone, they talk about it all the time. （ ）1. After Jacks mother came home from school, she . A. was angry with him B. told him what his teachers had said C. asked him to keep away from problem kids D. was patient enough to listen to her sons words （ ）2. What does the underlined sentence "Much was at stake " probably mean in the passage? A. Jack must be punished by his mother. B. Jack might not enter a good high school. C. Jack might get hurt when playing basketball. D. Jack must be influenced badly by problem kids. （ ）3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Peters family are living much better. B. Simon is now studying at a university. C. Jacks mum understood him instead of blaming him. D. Jacks teachers wanted his mother to help his friends. （ ）4. The main idea of the passage is to . A. make friends with problem kids B. keep in touch with friends all the time C. try to understand children and help problem kids D. give up hobbies before the high school entrance exam 參考答案1D 2B 3D 4C Passage 2 （2019中考保健與健康類選練） Cooking Kills Four Million People a Year Polluted airborne particles（大氣懸浮顆粒）kill 7 million people a year, reports the World Health Organization. That news may not come as a surprise to anyone who has seen images of chimneys in Beijing, Delhi or Mexico. But those factories—or even the jammed roadways of modern cities—are not the biggest killer. Each year, some 4.3 million people die earlier than they should because of polluted air inside their homes, says the WHO. What’s causing the air inside people’s homes to be so poisonous that it kills around 11,000 people a day? Stoves. “Having an open fire in your kitchen is like burning 400 cigarettes an hour.” says Kirk Smith, a professor at the University of California at Berkeley, whose research suggests that household air pollution from cooking killed between 3.5 million and 4 million people in xx. Not all stoves cause this kind of harm. The ones Smith’s talking about are those that the 3 billion people in the developing world use for heat and cooking, which burn solid fuels such as wood, coal, or crop waste instead of gas. The smoke from those fires produces harmful fine particles and carbon monoxide into homes. Poor ventilation then prevents that smoke from escaping, raising fine particle levels 100 times higher than the limits that the WHO considers acceptable. Breathing this air day in day out finally causes a lot of diseases: more than a third of the 4.3 million die of a stroke, while a quarter die of heart disease. And around one-third of annual lung disease deaths worldwide are due to waste from coal stoves. Exposure tends to be extremely harmful for the people who spend the most time around the fire—usually women and young children. In fact, the WHO reports that household air pollution almost doubles the risk for childhood lung disease. 1. According to Kirk Smith’s research, ________. A. factories are the biggest killer worldwide nowadays B. burning 400 cigarettes an hour is extremely dangerous C. household air pollution from cooking is surprisingly harmful D. some 4.3 million people die earlier each year than they should 2. What should be the deadly killer in a household kitchen? A. Solid fuels. B. Coal stoves. C. Poor gas. D. Cooking smoke. 3. The underlined word “ventilation” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A. airing B. cooking C. burning D. cooling 4. The author intends to tell people ________. A. how to avoid polluted air in their homes B. to stop cooking in the household kitchen C. to guard against household pollution from cooking D. how to prevent childhood lung diseases in household 參考答案1 C 2. D 3. A 4. C Passage 3 （2019中考科普環(huán)保類選練） Did you see snow in your hometown last winter? Did you feel it was warmer than before? “There have been 21 warm winters in China since 1986,” said scientists. They also said that in the past 100 years, as the global(全球的) temperatures went up by 0.74℃, the temperature in North China has climbed 1.4℃ in only 50 years. China needs to take quick action to cut carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)emission(排放), because it’s the main reason for global warming. The good news is that China has seen the importance of going green. China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20% and pollution emission by 10% in the 11th Five-Year plan. Can you slow global warming? Sure! You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that is sent out into the air. Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth. Wear used clothes. Wearing your brother’s, or sister’s or dad’s old T-shirt means you save the energy. Change your light bulbs(燈泡). Use energy-saving light bulbs. And don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use! Ride the bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year. Say no to plastic bags. The next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets. Don’t use the air conditioner. When you have to use the conditioner, set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the winter to save energy. Make small changes in your daily life. Don’t use paper cups, bags and boxes. It’s time for all of us to do something to save the earth. 1. The main reason for global warming is _________. A. The oil B. carbon dioxide C. paper cups, bags and boxes. D. television and computers 2. The word “energy” in the second paragraph means “___________”. A. 活力 B. 干勁 C. 精力 D. 能源 3. How many pieces of advice are there in this passage? A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six 4. Which of the following is true? A. It’s a pity to wear your dad’s old T-shirt. B. Using air conditioners may be a waste of energy. C. Taking a bus wastes a lot of oil every year. D. Using paper bags saves energy a lot. 5. The passage is mainly about the ways to _________. A. slow down global warming B. make energy C. change our daily life D. change the world weather 參考答案BDCBA Passage 4 （2019中考選練） The first chocolate was eaten by people in South America hundreds of years ago. In those days, the people did not really eat chocolate. They used the cocoa bean (可可豆) to make a chocolate drink and they enjoyed it very much. Many years later, the cocoa bean was brought to other countries and people came to love the taste of chocolate. In 1824, John Cadbury opened a small shop in Britain. One of the things he sold was chocolate drink. In 1831, he opened a factory to make chocolate drink. He wanted to encourage people to drink chocolate instead of other drinks. A few years later, a man called Joseph Fry found a way to make chocolate instead of only drinking it. But at that time chocolate was very expensive and only the rich people could buy it. Later, more and more chocolate bars were produced and sold, it became cheaper. However, at first only plain chocolate (a kind of chocolate without milk and with very little sugar) was produced. Milk chocolate came later and this was made by adding milk to the chocolate. The first milk chocolate bar was made in Cadbury’s factory in 1897. Their most famous chocolate, Cadbury’s Milk Bar, was made in 1905, It has been the most popular chocolate in Britain and around the world for over 100 years. The Cadbury factory is still in Britain and the chocolate produced there is eaten all over the world. Every year, thousands of visitors visit the factory in order to see how chocolate is made. 1. Hundreds of years ago, people first began to drink chocolate in . A. South America B. South Africa C. Britain D. Australia 2. John Cadbury opened a factory to make chocolate drink in . A.1824 B.1831 C.1897 D.1905 3. People had the chance to eat chocolate instead of drinking it for the first time . A. when chocolate was cheaper B. when more and more chocolate was produced C. when John Cadbury started to make chocolate drink D. when Joseph Fry found a way to make chocolate bars. 4.At first, not many people bought chocolate . A. because it was very expensive B. because people didn’t like the taste C. because they wanted to have other drinks D. because there was no chocolate sold in the shops 5.Cadbury’s Milk Bar . A. was first made in 1897 B. is a kind of plain chocolate C. is famous neither in Britain nor in America D. is popular not only in Britain but also around the world 4、參考答案ABDAD Passage 5 （2019中考訓(xùn)練題） My father was German, but he Worked in England. He married my mother, who was English. Her family name was Robinson, so when I was born in632, in England, they called me Robinson, after her. My father did well in his business and I went to a good school. He wanted me to get a good job, and live a quiet, pleasant life. But I wanted adventure and an exciting life. “I want to be a sailor and go to sea", I told my mother and father. They were very unhappy about this. “Please don’t go. "my father said, "You wont be happy you know. Sailors have a difficult and dangerous life. "and because I love him, and he was unhappy, I tried to forget about the sea. But I couldnt forget, and about a year later, I saw a friend in town. His father had a Ship and my friend said to me,” we are sailing to London tomorrow. Why don’t you come with us.” On September 1", 1651, I went to Hull and the next day we sailed for London. But, a few days later, there was a strong wind. The sea was rough and dangerous, and the ship went up and down up and down. I was very ill, and was very afraid. “Oh, I dont want to die!” I cried,“ I want to live! If I live, I will go home and never go to sea again!” The next day the wind stopped, and the sea was quiet and beautiful again. Well, Robinson, my friend laughed," How do you feel now? The wind wasnt to bad.” “What!" I cried. "It was a terrible storm.” “Oh, that wasnt a storm, "my friend answered, "just a little wind. Forget it, come and have a drink.” After a few drinks with my friend, I felt better. I forgot about the danger, and decided not to go home. I didn’t want my friend and family to laugh at me! I stayed in London for some time, but I still, wanted to go to the sea. So, when the captain(船長(zhǎng))of a ship ask me to go with him to Guinea in Africa, I agreed, And so I went to the sea for the second time. It was a good ship, and everything went well at first, but I was very ill again. Then when we were near the Canary Islands, a Turkish pirate(海盜)ship came after us. They were famous thieves of the sea at that time. There was a long, hard fight, but when it finished, we and the ship were prisoners. The Turkish captain and his men took us to Sallee in Morocco. They wanted to sell us as slaves(奴隸)in the market. But in the end, the Turkish captain decided to keep me for himself, and took me home with him. This was a sudden and terrible change in my life. This Turkish captain was now my master. 1．Why did Robinson forget about the sea at the beginning? A． Because he had no money to own a ship B． Because he hasted to live a dangerous life C． Because he wanted to make his parents happy D． Because he looked forward to getting a good job 2．Which is the right time order of what happened in the story? a. One of Robinson’s friends invited him to sail to London b. The Turkish captain took Robinson home c. A captain asked Robinson to go with him to Guinea d. Robinson drank with his friend e. A long and hard fight happened A． a-d-c-e-b B． d-a-c-e-b C． a-c-b-e-d D． d-c-a-b-e 3．What did Robinson think of his sea journey? A． Everything was fine B． The sea was quiet all the time C． The wind was weak D． Sea life was dangerous at times 4．Who took Robinson to Sallee in Morocco? A． the Turkish Captain B． his friend C． the captain of a ship D． his father 5．What can we infer(推斷) from the passage? A． Robinson wanted to serve the Turkish B． Robinson lived happily with the Turkish captain C． Robinson became a slave to the Turkish captain D． Robinson made friends with the Turkish captain 【解析】試題分析：短文講述了魯濱遜的兩次航海經(jīng)歷，充滿了危險(xiǎn)，第二次遭遇了海盜被俘，他成為土耳其船長(zhǎng)的奴隸。 1．題意：為什么魯濱孫起初忘記了大海？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)and because I love him, and he was unhappy, I tried to forget about the sea.，可知魯濱遜愛(ài)自己的父母，想讓他們高興，故選C。 2．題意：故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間順序是什么？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。a. One of Robinson’s friends invited him to sail to London魯濱孫的一個(gè)朋友邀請(qǐng)他去倫敦航行。b. The Turkish captain took Robinson home 土耳其船長(zhǎng)帶魯濱孫回家。c. A captain asked Robinson to go with him to Guinea船長(zhǎng)請(qǐng)魯濱孫和他一起去幾內(nèi)亞。d. Robinson drank with his friend魯濱孫和他的朋友一起喝酒。e. A long and hard fight happened一場(chǎng)漫長(zhǎng)而艱苦的戰(zhàn)斗發(fā)生了。根據(jù)短文的敘述，魯濱孫先是在鎮(zhèn)上遇到一個(gè)朋友，朋友邀請(qǐng)他去倫敦航行……途中了遭遇海盜……最后土耳其船長(zhǎng)帶魯濱孫回家?？芍猘-d-c-e-b正確，故選A。 3．題意：魯濱孫認(rèn)為他的海上旅行怎么樣？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)It was a terrible storm.，可知海上旅行很危險(xiǎn)，故選D。 4．題意：誰(shuí)把魯濱孫帶到了摩洛哥的Sallee？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Turkish captain and his men took us to Sallee in Morocco.，可知是土耳其船長(zhǎng)，故選A。 5．題意：從這篇文章中我們能推斷出什么？考查綜合理解題。A. Robinson wanted to serve the Turkish魯濱孫想為土耳其人效勞。B. Robinson lived happily with the Turkish captain 魯濱孫和土耳其船長(zhǎng)幸福地生活在一起。C. Robinson became a slave to the Turkish captain 魯濱孫成了土耳其船長(zhǎng)的奴隸。D. Robinson made friends with the Turkish captain 魯濱孫和土耳其船長(zhǎng)交了朋友。根據(jù)最后一句This Turkish captain was now my master.，可知魯濱孫成了土耳其船長(zhǎng)的奴隸，故選C。