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Unit 3 puters 一、閱讀理解 The wedding tradition of“something old，something new，something borrowed and something blue”has been around for hundreds of years.The tradition of carrying or wearing one of each item is said to bring luck and fortune to the newly married couple.Have you ever stopped to think what the saying really means？What is its origin and what does each item represent? The original saying dates back to the Victoria times and states，“something old，something new，something borrowed，something blue and a silver sixpence in your shoe.” Something old A bride may wear or carry something old to represent her continued ties to her family and her old life.Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry as their old item.Some brides wear the wedding dress worn by their mother or grandmother.In many cases，something old may also be something borrowed. Something new Wearing something new is supposed to represent success and hope in the brides new life and in her marriage.If the bride purchases her wedding dress，it may represent her new item，but any item that is new may be used.Something“new” is usually the easiest kind to fill. Something borrowed The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married.It is said that their happiness will rub off on you and bring lasting happiness to your marriage.Some brides borrow an item of clothing，a piece of jewelry，a handkerchief or perhaps a beaded(飾以珠子的)purse. Something blue Wearing something blue dates back to ancient times when a blue wedding dress was worn to represent purity，fidelity and love. A silver sixpence Placing a silver sixpence in the brides left shoe is said to be a symbol of wealth.This not only refers to financial wealth，but also a wealth of happiness and joy throughout her married life.Since most brides probably dont even know what a sixpence is，this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times.However，if a bride would like to include it in her wedding，she can purchase a silver sixpence from many panies that sell bridal supplies such as garters (襪帶)and invitations. 1．Why does the first paragraph end with two questions? A．To invite readers to answer them at once. B．To show the importance of this tradition. C．To have readers interest and attention. D．To test readers knowledge about wedding. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Something old might also be something borrowed actually. B．The part of the tradition“a silver sixpence”is never used now. C．The borrowed item can be something borrowed from any friend. D．Something new is usually the most difficult and expensive kind to fill. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．No brides now are not familiar with the silver sixpence. B．Every item represents something good for the new couple. C．The bride will be more beautiful with all these five items. D．Of the five items，something blue is the most important one. 4．Which word can replace the underlined word“fidelity” in the sixth paragraph? A．Success.　 B．Wealth. C．Loyalty. D．Opportunity. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇總分結(jié)構(gòu)的說(shuō)明文，介紹了西方一種傳統(tǒng)的婚禮習(xí)俗的起源和含義。 1．C　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，這兩個(gè)問(wèn)句承上啟下，引起讀者的閱讀興趣和注意力。 2．A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“In many cases, something old may also be something borrowed”可知，一些老的物件也可以是借來(lái)的。根據(jù)最后一段中的“this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times”可知，B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第五段中的“The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married ”可知，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“any friend”； D項(xiàng)與文中的“Something‘new’is usually the easiest kind to fill”不符，故排除。 3．B　考查推理判斷。通讀全文可推測(cè)出，這幾樣新婚佩戴的物件都會(huì)給新婚夫婦帶來(lái)好處。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Since most brides probably dont even know what a sixpence is”可知，現(xiàn)在大部分新娘都不知道六便士硬幣是什么，故A選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在，新娘都熟悉六便士硬幣”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，文中只說(shuō)這些物件會(huì)給新婚夫婦帶來(lái)好處，并未涉及新娘佩戴這些物件后是否漂亮的問(wèn)題；這五種物件哪個(gè)更重要文中并未提及，因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。 4．C　考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合畫(huà)線詞前的purity和其后的love可推知，“fidelity”此處意思為“忠誠(chéng)”，即“l(fā)oyalty”。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they ________(promise) before. 答案：have been promised　由主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及從句的時(shí)間副詞before可知，本從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且they和promise之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填have been promised。 2．________(person), I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree. 答案：Personally　副詞personally “就我個(gè)人而言”，相當(dāng)于personally speaking。 3．It wont be long ________we know the result of the experiment. 答案：before　It wont be long before ... “不久之后就……”，是固定句式。 4．He was ________(total) uninterested in sports. 答案：totally　應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞uninterested，故填totally。 5．An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the ________(solve) clearly in mind. 答案：solution　由空前the可知此處應(yīng)用名詞solution “解決方法”。 6．A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, ________ (signal) that he was strongly opposed. 答案：signalling　句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞stood和crossed，由空前逗號(hào)知應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，且signal與邏輯主語(yǔ)A man之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且signal和句子謂語(yǔ)stood up及crossed所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，因此填signalling。 7．Several problems like those ________(arise) at the power plant so far. 答案：have arisen　由“so far”可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 8．The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________(explore) society for reallife experience. 答案：to explore　have an opportunity to do sth. “有機(jī)會(huì)做某事”。 9．The law needs to be ________(simple)． 答案：simplified　need to do sth. “需要做某事”，由設(shè)空前的be動(dòng)詞及句意可知，此處需用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填simplified。 10．We received 400 ________(apply) for the job. 答案：applications　由修飾限定詞400可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞，且用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。 三、完形填空 Walking through the park one autumn day, I passed some children selling hot chocolate. One girl, 1 , asked, “Would you like to help 2 our park and playground? It’s only 50 cents a cup.” Of course, I couldn’t resist it, and felt 3 that kids this young had such a(an) 4 in improving their munity. It seems that this group of kids, who were having great fun pouring hot chocolate and feeling 5 that they were helping a local cause, already grasped a fundamental idea about 6 out to help others: It feels great! No matter your age or the size of your gesture, whether it is giving out drinks, baking cookies, 7 toys to underprivileged(貧困的)kids, 8 a pet from a shelter, or giving clothing to homeless people, giving does a heart good. This valuable 9 usually shines brightest around the holidays--a time when we pause to 10 on our good fortune and on those not so 11 . But it’s really an important year-round lesson, and not just because being charitable(仁慈的)is the 12 thing to do. Giving to others helps lessen two major 13 on today’s families. The onslaught(狂轟爛炸)of materialism with its 14 on self-centeredness. From a constant onslaught of 15 —on TV, in the movies, and on puter screens—we are 16 to “need” the next cool gadget(小玩意), pair of sports shoes, or toys. Our children are particularly 17 influenced by advertisers who focus on their desire to fit in, which in turn can lead to a “give me” mindset(心態(tài))early. The over-exposure to bad news, which causes 18 . In the past few years, terrifying images of violence and chaos have been difficult to 19 . These tragic events upset our children and can leave them feeling powerless and sad. We can’t pletely shelter our children from these 20 . But we can bat their influence by teaching our children to give their time and talents to help others—an act that changes the way of the world. 1. A. sighing B. weeping C. smiling D. bargaining 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“Would you like”可知，這個(gè)小女孩是笑著(smile)問(wèn)“我”的，故C項(xiàng)正確。 2. A. support B. promote C. reply D. trust 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“our park and playground”可知，這個(gè)小女孩是笑著問(wèn)“我”是否愿意幫助支持(support)他們的公園和操場(chǎng)的建設(shè)，故A項(xiàng)正確。 3. A. confused B. absorbed C. urged D. impressed 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)本空前的“I couldn’t resist it”可知，這個(gè)小女孩的請(qǐng)求讓“我”覺(jué)得印象是深刻的(impressed)，故D項(xiàng)正確。 4. A. interest B. investment C. hatred D. adventure 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“in improving their munity. ”可知，讓“我”印象深刻的是這個(gè)小女孩對(duì)改善社區(qū)有如此大的興趣(interest)，故A項(xiàng)正確。 5. A. awful B. desperate C. proud D. doubtful 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“they were helping a local cause”可知，這些孩子為幫助地方事業(yè)建設(shè)而感到驕傲(proud)，故C項(xiàng)正確。 6. A. blowing B. leaking C. breaking D. reaching 【答案】D 7. A. abandoning B. classifying C. selling D. donating 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“to underprivileged kids”可知，此處是說(shuō)給貧困兒童捐贈(zèng)(donate)玩具，故D項(xiàng)正確。 8. A. adopting B. adapting C. adjusting D. abusing 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“a pet from a shelter”可知，此處是說(shuō)從庇護(hù)所領(lǐng)養(yǎng)(adopt)一個(gè)寵物，故A項(xiàng)正確。 9. A. suggestion B. lesson C. academy D. determination 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“usually shines brightest around the holidays”及下文中“l(fā)esson”的提示可知，這個(gè)寶貴的教訓(xùn)(lesson)在整個(gè)假期閃閃發(fā)光，故B項(xiàng)正確。 10. A. depend B. ment C. feed D. reflect 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“on our good fortune”可知，此處是說(shuō)我們停下來(lái)思考(reflect on)我們的好運(yùn)，故D 項(xiàng)正確。 11. A. worn-out B. eye-catching C. laid-off D. well-off 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)本空前的“good fortune”可知，此處是說(shuō)那些并不富裕的(well-off)人，故D項(xiàng)正確。 12. A. ambiguous B. convenient C. right D. innocent 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)本空前的“being charitable”可知，此處是說(shuō)仁慈是正確的(right)事情，故C項(xiàng)正確。 13. A. illnesses B. stresses C. chances D. burdens 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)本空前的“Giving to others helps lessen”可知，此處是說(shuō)幫助他人緩解生活中的兩大壓力(stress)，故B項(xiàng)正確。 14. A. effect B. emphasis C. advice D. analysis 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“self-centeredness”可知，此處是說(shuō)物質(zhì)主義強(qiáng)調(diào)(emphasis)自我為中心，故B項(xiàng)正確。 15. A. advertising B. peting C. meeting D. negotiating 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)下文中的“advertisers”可知，此處是說(shuō)廣告(advertising)的狂轟濫炸，故A項(xiàng)正確。 16. A. prohibited B. encouraged C. frightened D. threatened 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“to ‘need’ the next cool gadget(小玩意), pair of sports shoes, or toys. ”可知，廣告的狂轟濫炸目的是鼓勵(lì)(encourage)我們買(mǎi)東西，故B項(xiàng)正確。 17. A. easily B. slightly C. increasingly D. indirectly 【答案】A 【解析】上文說(shuō)廣告的狂轟濫炸鼓勵(lì)我們買(mǎi)東西，此處是說(shuō)我們的孩子特別容易(easily)受其影響，故A項(xiàng)正確。 18. A. advance B. embarrassment C. disagreement D. fear 【答案】D 19. A. win B. avoid C. persuade D. defeat 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“These tragic events upset our children and can leave them feeling powerless and sad. ”可知，暴力和臟亂的畫(huà)面很難避免(avoid)，故B項(xiàng)正確。 20. A. realities B. requests C. profits D. applications 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)本空后的“But we can bat their influence by teaching our children to give their time and talents to help others”可知，此處是說(shuō)我們雖然不能讓孩子們免受這些現(xiàn)實(shí)(reality)的沖擊，但可以通過(guò)教他們幫助他人來(lái)對(duì)抗這種影響，故A項(xiàng)正確。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．We are sure that everything will be better with time goes by. ________________________________________________________ 答案：with→as或goes→going　as time goes by與with time going by均表示“隨著時(shí)間的推移”。as在此為連詞，后接句子；with為介詞，可看作with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。 2．Can you give me some advice on what to deal with this problem? ________________________________________________________ 答案：what→how或deal→do　what to do with ... ＝how to deal with ... “如何處理……”。 3．There is very much homework that I cant have much time to experience nature. ________________________________________________________ 答案：very→so　so ... that ... “如此……以至于……”。 4．He was late as a result the heavy snow. ________________________________________________________ 答案：result后加of　as a result of ... “由于……”。 5．I am always dreaming of visiting China, and now my dream has been e true. ________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉been　e true是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 五、七選五 Everyone makes mistakes.1.___________ Making a mistake at work，however，can be more serious. It may cause problems for your employer and even affect the pany’s bottom line.Evil consequences will finally e down to you.Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option. When you make a mistake at work, your career may depend on what you do next. Admit your mistake. Tell your boss about your mistake immediately.The only exception is if you make an insignificant error that will not affect anyone.Otherwise，don’t try to hide your mistake. 2.___________ ． Present your boss with a plan to fix your mistake. When you go to your boss’s office to admit your mistake，you must have a plan for correcting it.Present your plan clearly.Tell your boss how long it will take to carry out your plan and if there are any costs involved. Don’t blame anyone else for your mistake. 3．___________ ．Encourage those who may share responsibility to follow your lead in admitting to your boss. 4．___________ ． There’s a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.Take responsibility but don’t blame yourself for making it，especially in public. Correct your mistake on your own time. If you have to spend extra hours at work to correct your mistake，don’t expect to be paid for that time.5.___________ ． A．Apologize for your mistake but don’t beat yourself up B．Usually you can correct your error or just forget about it and move on C．You can use your lunch hour or e into work early D．Pointing fingers won’t help you if you make a mistake E．Strengthen your friendship with your boss F．You’ll feel ashamed if your colleague takes the responsibility for you G．You will look terrible if someone else discovers it 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，但是在工作中犯錯(cuò)常常導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。如何改正工作中所犯的錯(cuò)誤呢？本文給出了五點(diǎn)建議。 1．B　解析：根據(jù)空處前句“每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤”并結(jié)合下文的“Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option.”可知，空處與下文對(duì)應(yīng)，故此處應(yīng)選B。你通常會(huì)改正錯(cuò)誤，或者干脆忘記它繼續(xù)前行。 2．G　解析：由空前一句可知，不要掩蓋錯(cuò)誤；據(jù)此可以判斷，選G項(xiàng)，陳述掩蓋錯(cuò)誤的后果。 3．D　解析：根據(jù)該段標(biāo)題“Don’t blame anyone else for your mistake.”可知，不要為你的錯(cuò)誤指責(zé)他人；據(jù)此可知，該段主要闡述“不要推卸責(zé)任”這一建議，故選D項(xiàng)。 4．A　解析：根據(jù)空處位置可知，空處為該段標(biāo)題，即該段的主旨；根據(jù)該段的第一句“There’s a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.”可知，該段主要闡述“為自己的錯(cuò)誤道歉但是不要太責(zé)怪自己”，故選A項(xiàng)。 5．C　解析：根據(jù)該段標(biāo)題“Correct your mistake on your own time.”可知，該段主要闡述“用自己的時(shí)間去改正錯(cuò)誤”這一建議；C項(xiàng)中的“your lunch hour or e into work early”與“your own time”對(duì)應(yīng)，故C項(xiàng)正確。