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Unit 10 Money 課時練(一)　閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度 (限時：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019陜西質(zhì)檢一)The electricity workers strike has been going on for three days. Below are some statements about the strike. Mr. Mike Smith： It wasnt an easy decision, but we have been asking for a reasonable wage for years. Now at last people are beginning to listen to us. Were only asking for a 25 percent increase in our wages. Its a pity so many people have to be inconvenienced by our strike, but please dont blame us. Blame the government for refusing our claim. Mr. Tom Brown： Its totally unreasonable to demand so much money when we are trying desperately to stop the prices going up. If wages go up, so do prices. If we give in to them, all the other unions would want more, with the inevitable result that the crisis (危機(jī)) would bee uncontrollable. We offer them a 10 percent increase. And thats already too much. My stand on the strike is to persuade the Union to see the reason. Mr. Bob Davis： Everybody will be hurt by this strike, including the electricity workers themselves. The economy will be destroyed and many people will lose their jobs. Already people are saying that the big unions have too much power and shouldnt be allowed to strike. Of course the electricity workers want to get more money. Dont we all? Miss Stater： Lets face it. Its neither here nor there. The electricity workers are in a strong position. Perhaps we cant do anything about it. What I say is: let them have their 250 dollars so they can return to work. I mean, the government wastes the taxpayers money all the time on unimportant things. How can anyone say 250 dollars is “too much”？Pop singers get more. Nurses get less. Its just one of those things. 語篇解讀：本文介紹了四個人針對電力工人罷工陳述了不同的觀點。 1．Who is most likely to be an employee in electricity industry? A．Mr. Mike Smith.　　　　　　 B．Mr. Tom Brown. C．Mr. Bob Davis. D．Miss Stater. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Its a pity so many people have to be inconvenienced by our strike, but please dont blame us. Blame the government for refusing our claim”可知，Mike Smith先生認(rèn)為，他們的罷工是因為政府拒絕他們的要求。據(jù)此可知，Mike Smith 先生很可能是電力工人，故A項正確。 2．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”． A．a(chǎn)voidable B．inspiring C．a(chǎn)utomatic D．sensitive 解析：選C　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該句中的“If we give in to them, all the other unions would want more”可知， Tom Brown 先生認(rèn)為，如果他們對工人讓步，則其他的工會將會提出更多的要求；結(jié)合該句中的“with the inevitable result that the crisis (危機(jī)) would bee uncontrollable”可知，這必然會導(dǎo)致危機(jī)變得不可控制。據(jù)此可以判斷，畫線詞意為“必然發(fā)生的”與C項含義相近，故C項正確。 3．We can learn from the text that ________. A．the electricity workers wont achieve their goal B．the government wont meet the workers demand C．the strike caused little trouble for the society D．the workers got little support from the society 解析：選D　推理判斷題。通讀第三至四段可知， Tom Brown先生認(rèn)為工資上漲勢必導(dǎo)致物價上漲，故他們的工資上漲10%就已經(jīng)很多了；Bob Davis先生認(rèn)為，所有人在此次罷工中都會受到傷害，包括電力工人自己，而且工會權(quán)力太大，不應(yīng)當(dāng)批準(zhǔn)罷工。據(jù)此可以判斷，電力工人的要求幾乎沒有得到社會的支持，故D項正確。 B (2019武漢市武昌區(qū)調(diào)研)When he looked at me, it was clear my father wasnt sure who I was. And as I looked back at him, I wasnt sure who he was, either. My father had just gone through heart surgery and 6 days in intensive care. Hed returned to the hospital where hed worked for 40 years. It was the hospital where all his children had been born. The doctors said that he may have a long period of confusion after the surgery. And because hes eightysix, it may be many months before he returns to normal. Its also possible he may never be “normal” again. I sat there in this hospital room, spoonfeeding the man Ive seen as powerful and capable all my life. It felt like the full circle of life had e around us. It felt good to support him, yet part of me wanted to tell him to be “normal” again. I wasnt sure if I was ready to accept the full meaning of it: that my father may never be that powerful and capable person again. Pain and suffering have visited my family, as they will visit all families. And while we hesitate to face pain and suffering, they have great lessons to teach us. Pain and suffering are well outside of the boundaries of our everyday life. When they e, they break these boundaries and turn our world upside down. We bee a family with all of the others who have known the pain and suffering. And we have another chance to consider whats truly important in our lives. This crisis will pass, and well all be changed by it. The healing hands of time will do their work. Im thankful that Ive told my father everything Ive wanted to say to him. And Im thankful to have my family to lean on during this difficult time. Well all be challenged by this to show more support, care, and love. This is as it should be. Sometimes, it takes a crisis to remind us of why were all here. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇家庭生活類記敘文。在作者眼里，父親一向都是強(qiáng)壯能干的，但是現(xiàn)在父親年事已高，住院動了心臟手術(shù)后已經(jīng)不認(rèn)識作者了。作者感慨痛苦與苦難會讓人變得更堅強(qiáng)，痛苦終將過去，家人是我們的依靠。 4．What do we know about the writers father from the passage? A．He will recover from his illness soon. B．He has been lying in bed for 40 years. C．He used to be a powerful and capable man. D．He didnt know the author after head surgery. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的 powerful and capable可知，在作者眼里，父親以前是強(qiáng)壯能干的，所以選C。 5．How did the author feel when thinking of the pain and suffering his family had? A．Grateful. B．Inspired. C．Exhausted. D．Sorrowful. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句“And Im thankful to have my family to lean on during this difficult time”及文章最后一段可知，作者感恩困難時期家人的支持，從另外一方面講，是痛苦和苦難讓作者知道了生活的意義，所以選A。 6．What does the author probably agree with? A．Life is more fragile than expected. B．Something nice weights light. C．Pain and suffering often go hand in hand. D．We should treat the old in an abnormal way. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。文章講述的是在作者眼里一直強(qiáng)壯能干的父親，在做了心臟手術(shù)之后，認(rèn)不出作者了。所以，作者可能認(rèn)同這種觀點：生活比預(yù)想的更脆弱。所以選A。 7．What does the author aim to express in this passage? A．Pain and suffering are bound to pass. B．Pain and suffering bring us beneficial experiences. C．We cannot always avoid facing pain and suffering. D．We will not eventually be defeated by pain and suffering. 解析：選B　主旨大意題。文章是記敘文，作者首先講述了父親手術(shù)之后的情況，在最后兩段里，作者感慨痛苦與苦難會讓我們汲取教訓(xùn)，會給我們機(jī)會去思考生命中真正重要的是什么，并讓我們認(rèn)識到生活的意義。也就是說，痛苦與苦難會給我們一些有益的東西，所以選B。 C (2019廣西三市聯(lián)考)The next generation of artificial intelligence (AI) may be sitting right beneath you, at least if furniture maker IKEA has any say in the matter. The Swedish furniture panys “futureliving” research lab in Copenhagen is conducting a survey to understand what people want when it es to smart furniture. AI is now walking into more aspects of peoples daily lives. Selfdriving cars are just around the corner, and AI robots can play and beat the best players of strategy games. As smart home technologies have bee more ubiquitous,_products ranging from smart electrical outlets (電源插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market. Therefore, its not surprising that IKEA would be moving in the same direction. Exactly why people would want their sofa or bed frame to speak to them, track their daily movements or offer help is not yet clear. Though IKEAs new survey doesnt directly answer that question, it does provide a hint of what people would feel fortable with. Most participants wanted a more humanlike form of virtual (虛擬的) assistants, as opposed to one that is more robotic. In terms of the ideal gender (性別) of the assistants, the most popular choice was neither male nor female. Few wanted a religious form of AI. Just as with human friends, most wanted AI friends that were like them, affirming their own world view. They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent — that could collect data to predict what a person wanted before he or she asked, and that could prevent someone from making mistakes. This is not the first time that IKEA has set foot in the field of futuristic technologies. In addition to wireless charging tables and chainless bikes that never rust (生銹), the furniture giant has also pictured smart kitchens that can cook the best meal. To decide on how intelligent you want your next sofa or bookshelf to be, you can take IKEAs survey online. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇科普說明文，主要介紹了瑞典家具公司IKEA涉足的智能家具的情況。隨著科技的發(fā)展，人工智能產(chǎn)品層出不窮，IKEA公司就顧客對智能家具的期望做了調(diào)查。 8．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Beautiful. B．mon. C．Normal. D．Environmental. 解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第三句中的“products ranging from smart electrical outlets (電源插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market”可知，從智能電源插座到智能煙霧警報器等各種智能產(chǎn)品充斥著市場。據(jù)此可以判斷，智能家居產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)變得更加普遍，畫線詞意為“十分普遍的”，故B項正確。 9．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The differences between robotlike and humanlike assistants. B．What form of AI assistants people want. C．What kind of friends people want. D．The popular robots on the market. 解析：選B　段落大意題。通讀第三段可知，該段第三、四句“Most participants wanted a more humanlike form ... neither male nor female”點明該段主題；據(jù)此可知，大多數(shù)參與者想要更人性化的人工智能助手，而不是呆板機(jī)械的機(jī)器人。故該段主要介紹了人們想要什么樣的人工智能助手，故B項正確。 10．Most people who received the survey wanted an AI assistant that could ________. A．help them bee smarter B．municate with them without troubles C．have its own world view D．deal with their problems in advance 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent ... from making mistakes”可知，人們想要的是能預(yù)先幫助他們處理好問題的人工智能助手，故D項正確。 11．Which of the following products are from IKEA? A．Smart sofas that can speak to you. B．Smart beds that can track your daily movements. C．Wireless charging cars. D．Rustless bikes without chains. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，除了無線充電臺和無鏈條的不生銹自行車以外，該家具巨頭還設(shè)想了能烹飪美食的智能廚房。據(jù)此可知，D項正確。 D (2019武漢市武昌區(qū)調(diào)研)Owning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a prehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports. The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned dogs were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. In addition, the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease. “Dog ownership was especially prominent as a protective factor in people living alone, who are a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multiperson household，”Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph. D. student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings. The link between dog ownership and lower mortality (死亡率) was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners, but still present, according to the study. “Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single household，” Mubanga added. “Another interesting finding was that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.” The study, which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog, suggested that one of the reasons why dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease was that dog owners walked more.“These kinds of epidemiological (流行病學(xué)的) studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers to whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease，” Tove Fall, a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University, said in a statement. “We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity, which could be one explanation for the observed results，” Fall added. “Other explanations include increased wellbeing and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome (微生物菌群) in the owner.” Fall added that because all participants of the study were Swedish, the results most closely apply to dog owners in Sweden or other “European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership”． 語篇解讀：本文是生活類說明文。作者首先介紹了一項研究結(jié)果：養(yǎng)狗可以降低患心臟病及死亡的風(fēng)險。接下來分析了可能產(chǎn)生這種結(jié)果的原因。 12．Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million peoples health and the dogs? A．To help Europeans. B．To find their association. C．To protect unhealthy adults. D．To reduce the risk of heart disease. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段提出了一項研究成果：養(yǎng)狗可以降低患心臟病及死亡的風(fēng)險。第二段講的是科學(xué)家們在十二年內(nèi)研究了三百四十萬人，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)狗的獨居成年人比不養(yǎng)狗的獨居成年人的死亡率要低33%，也就是說，做這項研究是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者之間的關(guān)系，所以選B。 13．What does the underlined word“prominent”probably mean in Para.3? A．Universal. B．Confusing. C．Appealing. D．Important. 解析：選D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)語境可知，獨居的人跟那些生活在多人口家庭里的人相比，他們患心臟病以及死亡的風(fēng)險更高。所以，作為一種保護(hù)因素，養(yǎng)狗對獨居的人來說尤其“重要”，故選D項。 14．Whats the main idea of the text? A．Adults living with dogs are less likely to die. B．Swedish people are very fond of pets. C．Keeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby. D．Owning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease. 解析：選D　主旨大意題。文章第一段就提出了研究結(jié)果：養(yǎng)狗可以降低患心臟病及死亡的風(fēng)險。之后分析了可能產(chǎn)生這種結(jié)果的原因，故選D項。 15．Whats the writers attitude towards owning a dog? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Contradictory. 解析：選C　觀點態(tài)度題。作者在介紹了研究結(jié)果之后，接著用研究報告及研究人員的言論分析了可能導(dǎo)致這種結(jié)果的原因，其中并沒有表明作者自己的態(tài)度，只是在用事實說話，不帶有個人意見，因此是客觀的，所以選C。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019合肥質(zhì)檢) What to Do When Someone Doesnt Like You When someone tells me “I dont care if people like me”， they are showing me the emotional wall they use to block the hurt of rejection. As humans are social animals, all of us care if people like us. Based on the need for social connection, your reactions to rejection and negative judgment can range from minor hurt to outbreaks of depression. __16__ The first step to handle a negative situation is to recognize your reaction. Ask yourself, “What am I feeling？” __17__ Any betrayal (背叛) or embarrassment in your heart? Identify what feeling has shown up in your body, so you can choose what to do next. __18__ When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defensive, ask yourself what the person actually meant to do to you. Did they truly mean to offend you, or make fun of you? Your brain works very hard to keep you safe, so it will judge a situation as threatening if there is any possibility of social harm. When our brains sense a possible threat, we react as if we were personally attacked. Take a breath to relieve the stress. __19__ Finally, if you believe the person doesnt like you, ask yourself if this matters. __20__ If not, what can you do to release your need to be liked by this person? And, what can you do to stay neutral and not return the dislike? The more you can e to accept others as who they are, the more you can move forward with your goals regardless of if someone likes you or not. A．If you can, look the person in his eyes. B．Do you feel any fear or anger in your head? C．Ask yourself what is true about the situation. D．Often people do not realize the impact of their words. E．Will the persons judgment of you impact your work or life? F．The ability to let a show of dislike roll off your back is a learned skill. G．This will ground you in the present and take you out of your trembling mind. 語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了擺脫不受別人喜歡的情況的方法和策略。 16．解析：選F　由下一段第一句可推知，本空是一個承上啟下的過渡句，即應(yīng)對別人的拒絕和負(fù)面評價是一種可以學(xué)習(xí)的技能，下文具體闡述如何學(xué)習(xí)這種技能，所以選F項。 17．解析：選B　由空處前一句“Ask yourself, ‘What am I feeling？’”可推知，此處表示個人的感情傾向，與下文“Any betrayal (背叛) or embarrassment in your heart”呼應(yīng)，所以選B項。 18．解析：選C　由空處后一句可知，本段講的是要搞清楚真實的狀況，然后再具體地應(yīng)對，故選C項。 19．解析：選G　由上文“Take a breath to relieve the stress”可推知，空處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步講這樣做的好處，所以選G項。 20．解析：選E　由空處前一句可推知，搞清楚他人的不喜歡對自己是否有影響對接下來的應(yīng)對很重要，這種影響可能是工作或生活上的，所以選E項。 課時練(二)　語言知識運用組塊專練——練準(zhǔn)度 (限時：30分鐘) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2019武漢市武昌區(qū)調(diào)研)To make a difference in a childs life, I recently joined the MakeAWish Arizona team, which was able to accept 355 wishes this year. While each wish was as __1__ as the child who dreamt it, one that touched me most was Annies wish to meet the Pope (羅馬天主教教皇). In fact, there was not a(n) __2__ eye in the Wish House when Annies wish came true. Given 3－6 months to live after being __3__ to have Stage Ⅳ stomach cancer, most people would be __4__. Not Annie, who wrote the most __5__ letter to us asking for her wish: to have last rites (臨終祈禱) __6__ to her by the Pope. Well, the Pope doesnt do that, but he did __7__ to meet with her, and with planning by the staff, she eventually met the Pope and got a __8__ from him. The time with him was __9__ short of extraordinary. She reported that he even posed for photos! Nothing could have made this __10__ more amazing when the Pope asked the crowd to wait a moment while he __11__ a full mass (彌撒) for her. Working there, we were all __12__ to meet Annie as she came to the Wish House to __13__ her remarkable story. She is __14__ a fortunate young lady! Wishes like Annies give life new meanings. You can __15__ what an incredible amount of support it takes to make these happen. That is __16__ I encourage you to join me in making a __17__ to this charity activity, whether it is ＄30, ＄50, ＄100 or even more. Remember it can __18__ allowing more wishes like Annies to e true and it can help MakeAWish kids __19__ their courage to face illnesses and find a(n) __20__ point in their lives. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Annie是一個身患胃癌的女孩，她有一個愿望，希望由羅馬天主教教皇來給她做臨終祈禱。Annie的故事打動了很多人，也包括作者。作者呼吁大家捐款，鼓勵像Annie這樣的孩子勇敢面對疾病，找到生活的轉(zhuǎn)折點。 1．A.sincere B．a(chǎn)mazing C．beautiful D．a(chǎn)bsurd 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“touched me most”可知，每個愿望都是令人吃驚的。所以選amazing(驚人的，了不起的，令人驚詫的)。sincere“真誠的”；beautiful“漂亮的”；absurd“荒謬的，愚蠢的”。 2．A.sad B．upset C．dry D．wide 解析：選C　上文提到女孩Annie的愿望是最令作者感動的，所以當(dāng)她的愿望實現(xiàn)的那一刻，愿望之屋里沒有一個人不流淚，而not a dry eye in the house 的意思就是“全場無人不流淚，在場的人無不為之動容”。所以選C。sad“難過的”；upset“心煩意亂的”；wide“寬的”。 3．A.assumed B．expected C．warned D．told 解析：選D　根據(jù)語境可知，Annie患了胃癌，已經(jīng)到了四期，只能活3到6個月，這個消息被告知后，大多數(shù)人都感到絕望，所以選told。assume“假定，假設(shè)”；expect“期待，預(yù)料”；warn“警告”。 4．A.disappointed B．a(chǎn)nnoyed C．desperate D．lonely 解析：選C　參見上題解析。desperate“絕望的”符合語境。disappointed“失望的”；annoyed“惱怒的”；lonely“孤獨的，偏僻的”。 5．A.demanding B．touching C．personal D．confidential 解析：選B　根據(jù)第一段中的“one that touched me most was Annies wish to meet the Pope (羅馬天主教教皇)”可知，Annie的愿望非常感人，因此可以推斷，她寫的信也是很感人的。所以選touching。demanding“苛求的，要求高的”；personal“個人的”；confidential“表示信任的，機(jī)密的”。 6．A.conducted B．introduced C．expressed D．mentioned 解析：選A　Annie的愿望是要羅馬天主教教皇來給她做臨終祈禱。conduct“進(jìn)行，實施”，且這里用到了have sth. done這個固定結(jié)構(gòu)，所以選conducted。introduce“介紹，引進(jìn)”；express“表達(dá)”；mention“提及，提到”。 7．A.agree B．want C．hope D．like 解析：選A　上文提到，Annie的愿望是要羅馬天主教教皇來給她做臨終祈禱，接下來說到“Well, the Pope doesnt do that, but he did ________ to meet with her”， 由此可知，羅馬天主教教皇是不做臨終祈禱的，但是他同意見見她。所以選agree。want“想要”；hope“希望”；like“喜歡”。 8．A.fort B．sympathy C．shelter D．blessing 解析：選D　羅馬天主教教皇同意見Annie，接下來，在工作人員的安排下，她最終見到了羅馬天主教教皇，并且得到了他的祝福。所以選blessing。fort“安慰”；sympathy“同情”；shelter“庇護(hù)所，避難所”。 9．A.nothing B．something C．a(chǎn)nything D．everything 解析：選A　上文講到，Annie見到了羅馬天主教教皇，并且得到了他的祝福，接下來描述跟羅馬天主教教皇在一起的時間簡直就是意想不到的，她說他甚至擺好姿勢來拍照！nothing short of是一個固定搭配，意思是“簡直就是，無異于”，所以選A。 10．A.wish B．idea C．story D．girl 解析：選A　上文講到Annie見到了羅馬天主教教皇，她的愿望實現(xiàn)了，而當(dāng)教皇要求人群等一會兒，他準(zhǔn)備(arranged)給Annie做彌撒的時候，這個愿望更讓人難以置信了。所以選wish。idea“主意，想法”；story“故事”；girl“女孩”。 11．A.appointed B．gathered C．a(chǎn)rranged D．invited 解析：選C　參見上題解析。appoint“任命，指定”；gather“聚集，收集”；invite“邀請，招致”。 12．A.privileged B．interested C．embarrassed D．excited 解析：選A　作者他們是在愿望之屋工作的，所以當(dāng)Annie到愿望之屋來分享(share)她不同尋常的故事的時候，他們有幸見到了她。所以選A。be privileged to do sth.的意思是“有幸做某事”。interested“感興趣的”；embarrassed“尷尬的”；excited“興奮的”。 13．A.announce B．share C．spread D．declare 解析：選B　參見上題解析。announce“宣布，通知”；spread“傳播”；declare“宣布，宣稱”。 14．A.frequently B．gradually C．truly D．properly 解析：選C　上文講到Annie來到愿望之屋與大家分享她不同尋常的故事，接下來作者感慨，她真是一個幸運的女孩！所以選truly。frequently“頻繁地，經(jīng)常地”；gradually“逐漸地”；properly“適當(dāng)?shù)?，正確地”。 15．A.believe B．imagine C．predict D．confirm 解析：選B　像Annie這樣的愿望給予了生命新的含義，你可以想象一下，需要多少支持才能使這一切發(fā)生。所以選imagine。believe“相信”；predict“預(yù)言，預(yù)告”；confirm“確認(rèn)，證實”。 16．A.how B．why C．when D．what 解析：選B　這就是為什么作者鼓勵人們加入到他們當(dāng)中來。所以選why。 17．A.promise B．delivery C．difference D．donation 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文中的“charity activity”可知，這里指給這個慈善活動捐款。所以選donation。promise“諾言，許諾”；delivery“遞送，交付”；difference“差別，不同之處”。 18．A.stick to B．object to C．contribute to D．a(chǎn)dd to 解析：選C　這有助于使更多的像Annie這樣的愿望成真。contribute to 表示“有助于，促成”，所以選C。stick to“堅持”；object to“反對”；add to“增加，加重”。 19．A.seize B．regain C．convey D．possess 解析：選