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Unit 8 Adventure (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．safari n．　　　　　　　　　 (尤指在東非或中非的)游獵， 探險(xiǎn)旅行 2．raft n. 木排，木筏 3．whitewater rafting 激流漂流 4．horizon n. 地平線 5．bungee jumping n. 蹦極 6．snowboarding n. 單板滑雪 7．snowrafting n. 動(dòng)力雪橇滑降 8．the Antarctic 南極地區(qū)_ 9．sledge n. 雪車，雪橇 10．Norwegian adj. 挪威的 　　　　n. 挪威人 11．Arctic n. 北極，北極區(qū) 12．philosophy n. 哲學(xué) Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形 1．a(chǎn)dventure_ n. 奇遇，冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷 2．major adj. 較重要的；較嚴(yán)重的 3．wild adj. 野生的；狂熱的 4．extra_adj. 特別的；額外的 5．a(chǎn)ltitude n. 高度，海拔 6．exactly adv. 確切地，精確地 7．risk vt. 冒……的危險(xiǎn) 8．excitement n. 興奮，激動(dòng) 9．statement_ n. 陳述 10．quantity n．　[縱聯(lián)1] 量，數(shù)量 11．sadness n. 悲哀，憂傷 12．function vi. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；發(fā)揮作用 13．nationality n. 國籍 14．a(chǎn)im_n. 目標(biāo)；目的 15．transport_ n. 運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送 16．disadvantage n. 不利，不利條件 17．staff n. 員工，全體工作人員 18．survival n. 幸存，殘存 19．shelter n. 遮蔽，庇護(hù)所 20．observe vt.　 [縱聯(lián)2] 觀察，觀測 21．cheerful adj. [縱聯(lián)3] 愉快的，高興的 22．limit n. 邊界；限度 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．distant adj.遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的→distance n．遙遠(yuǎn) 2．differ vi.不同于，有區(qū)別→difference n．不同之處→different adj.不同的 3．a(chǎn)nxious adj.憂慮的，擔(dān)心的→anxiety n．焦慮，不安 4．extreme adj.極度的，極端的→extremely adv.極其地，極端地 5．similarity n．相似性；類似性→similar adj.同樣的；類似的→similarly adv.同樣地；類似地 6．a(chǎn)maze vt.使驚愕(驚奇)→amazed adj.驚愕的，吃驚的→amazing adj.令人驚異的→amazement n．吃驚，驚愕 7．confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．混亂；困惑 8．preparation n．準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備→prepare vt.準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備 9．patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patient adj.耐心的n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地 縱聯(lián)1.由quantity想到的 ①several幾個(gè) ②couple一對 ③score二十 ④dozen十二個(gè) ⑤numerous許多的 ⑥none沒有 ⑦h(yuǎn)undred一百 ⑧million百萬 ⑨billion十億 ⑩trillion萬億 縱聯(lián)2.“看”遍天下 ①notice注意到，留心 ②observe觀察 ③watch觀看，關(guān)注 ④stare (at)凝視，盯著看 ⑤glance (at)匆匆看一眼；瞥 ⑥glare (at)怒視；瞪 ⑦witness經(jīng)歷，見證 ⑧peer窺視，凝視 ⑨look (at)看 ⑩gaze凝視 ?glimpse一瞥 縱聯(lián)3.今兒個(gè)真“高興” ①cheerful ②happy ③glad ④pleased ⑤delighted ⑥joyful ⑦merry ⑧nice ⑨pleasant ⑩agreeable 單元話題——冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng) 子話題1　冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)備 ①visa n．簽證 ②passport n．護(hù)照 ③insurance n．保險(xiǎn) ④suitcase n．小提箱 ⑤baggage n．行李 ⑥r(nóng)eserve vt.預(yù)訂 ⑦destination n．目的地，終點(diǎn) ⑧set out/off出發(fā) ⑨book a room預(yù)訂房間 ⑩put up投宿 ?check in登記入住 子話題2　冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)的分類 ①expedition n．遠(yuǎn)征 ②journey n．旅行，行程 ③tour n．參觀，觀光，旅行 ④voyage n．航行，旅行 ⑤outing n．郊游，遠(yuǎn)足 ⑥trip n．短途旅行 [學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2017天津高考閱讀D)This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing? packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific?. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.” I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires 　?　 (patient)． ①寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：preparation，加黑詞在此句中為動(dòng)名詞作主語 ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義副詞：exactly ③用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：patience 2．(2013北京高考完形)Lola doesnt want to be treated differently? from the other girls on her team.At petitions, the judges dont know about her vision problems.She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know.Her mom is amazed? by her positive attitude?. ①寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動(dòng)詞：differ ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動(dòng)詞：amaze ③寫出加黑詞在本單元的形近異義詞：altitude 3．(2010四川高考完形)About twenty minutes into the adventure?， the entire airplane became very? quiet. There was now a sense of anxiety? and fear that could be clearly noticed. ①寫出加黑詞在此處的漢語意思：冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷，加黑詞也可作動(dòng)詞，意為冒險(xiǎn)，大膽說出 ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義形容詞：extreme ③寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根形容詞：anxious該句為there be句型，其謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由后面的名詞或代詞來決定 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2018北京高考書面表達(dá))外國學(xué)生沉浸于我的每一個(gè)舉動(dòng)，他們再次驚訝于這種獨(dú)特的文化，忍不住不時(shí)拍照。(amazed) Absorbed_in_every_move_of_mine,_the_foreign_students_were_once_again_amazed_by_this_unique_culture_and_they_couldnt_help_taking_pictures_from_time_to_time. 2．(2018江蘇高考書面表達(dá))排名的利與弊通常是緊密相關(guān)的，對排名保持客觀的態(tài)度很有必要。(disadvantage) The_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_ratings_are_often_closely_related.It_is_necessary_to_hold_an_objective_attitude_towards_ratings. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．differ vi.不同于，有區(qū)別 [記牢] (1)differ from ... in ...　 　 　 在……方面與……不同 differ with sb. 與某人意見不同 (2)different adj. 不同的，有差異的 be different from ... 不同于…… (3)difference n. 差異，差別 make a/no difference 有/無影響 tell the difference between A and B　 指出A與B的不同 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. ②I differ with him on that point where the bridge will be built, though he may be right. ③I knew it was the difference (different) between life and death. 完成句子 ④Even though we pletely_differ_from_each_other_in_character,_we are still great friends. 雖然我們在性格上完全不同，但我們?nèi)匀皇呛芎玫呐笥选? ⑤Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a lowcarbon life can we make_a_difference. 只有我們知道在日常生活中做什么，過一種低碳生活，我們才能有所影響。 [寫美] ⑥(2015湖南高考書面表達(dá))從我個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中我認(rèn)識(shí)到幾個(gè)贊美之詞對有些人會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的影響。 From_my_own_experience,_I_learn_that_several_words_of_praise_can_make_a_great_difference_to_someone. 2．risk vt.冒……的危險(xiǎn)n.冒險(xiǎn)；危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn) [記牢] (1)risk (doing) sth.　　 　　 冒險(xiǎn)(做)某事 (2)at the risk of (doing) sth. 冒著(做)某事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) take/run the risk of (doing) sth. 冒……的危險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn)做某事 take/run a risk/risks 冒險(xiǎn) at risk 處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn) at all risks/at any risk 無論冒什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，無論如何 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①A rescue worker risked his life saving (save) two tourists trapped in the mountains for two days. ②He was determined to do it even at the risk of being_laughed (laugh) at. 完成句子 ③Whoever you are, dont take/run_the_risk_of_doing_a_job like that. 無論你是誰，都不要冒險(xiǎn)做那樣一份工作。 ④The captain was not willing to risk_taking_his_ship through the straits in such bad weather. 船長不愿意在這樣惡劣的天氣里冒險(xiǎn)將船駛過海峽。 [寫美]　句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ⑤The passerby saved the boys life at the risk of losing his own life. →The passerby risked his own life saving the boys life. 3．confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆 [記牢] (1)confuse A with/and B　　 將A和B混淆 (2)confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的 be/get confused 被弄糊涂 confusing adj. 令人迷惑的 (3)confusion n. 混亂；困惑 in confusion 困惑地，困窘地；亂七八糟，處于混亂狀態(tài) [練通] 單句語法填空 ①His writing is so confusing (confuse) that its difficult to make out what he is trying to express. ②She got shocked and confused (confuse) — smoke was pouring from the kitchen. 完成句子 ③I always confuse_you_with_your_sister — you look so alike. 我總是把你和你妹妹搞混——你們太像了。 ④He looked at me in_confusion and did not answer the question. 他困惑地看著我，沒有回答問題。 [寫美] ⑤(2018江蘇高考書面表達(dá))比如，有很多的參考書，我從中進(jìn)行選擇的時(shí)候常感到困惑。 For_example,_there_are_plenty_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from. 4．preparation n．準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備 [記牢] 為(做)某事做準(zhǔn)備 　 (be) in preparation　 在準(zhǔn)備中 (2)prepare vt. 預(yù)備；籌備；調(diào)制；為……做準(zhǔn)備 　 vi. 準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備；做準(zhǔn)備 prepare to do sth. 準(zhǔn)備做某事 prepare (sb.) for sth. (使某人)為某事做準(zhǔn)備 (3)prepared adj. 有準(zhǔn)備的，事先準(zhǔn)備好的 愿意做某事；為(做)某事做好準(zhǔn)備 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①I prepare to_graduate (graduate) from Sanford H．Calhoun High School in Merrick. ②The best preparation (prepare) for tomorrow is doing your best today. 完成句子 ③The teacher is_preparing_the_reviewing_quiz,_while the students are_preparing_for it. 老師正在準(zhǔn)備復(fù)習(xí)測試題，而學(xué)生正在為測試做準(zhǔn)備。 ④These materials are useful to review in_preparation_for the final exam. 這些材料對復(fù)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備期末考試很有幫助。 ⑤If you are selected in this position, you must prepare_to_travel on business frequently. 如果你被錄取，你必須準(zhǔn)備經(jīng)常出差。 ⑥Mrs.White is busy making_preparations_for her daughters wedding. 懷特夫人正忙著為女兒的婚禮做準(zhǔn)備。 [寫美] ⑦(2018全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))首先，依據(jù)我們的傳統(tǒng)，你應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)到達(dá)以便于你能幫助主人準(zhǔn)備晚餐，那不僅有意義且有趣。 To_begin_with,_according_to_our_tradition,_you_are_supposed_to_arrive_early_so_that_you_can_help_the_host_prepare_the_dinner,_which_is_not_only_meaningful_but_also_interesting. 5．a(chǎn)im n．目標(biāo)，目的；瞄準(zhǔn)vi.& vt.瞄準(zhǔn)；對準(zhǔn)；針對；(朝某方向)努力 [辨清]　寫出下列句中aim的含義 ①Theyre aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.(朝某方向)努力 ②Before the hunter could take aim, the deer jumped out of sight.瞄準(zhǔn) ③Our aim is to make the students speech prehensible.目標(biāo)，目的 ④This antismoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers.針對 [記牢] (1)take aim at　　　　　　 向……瞄準(zhǔn) with the aim of 以……為目標(biāo)；旨在…… (2)aim sth. at sb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄準(zhǔn)某人或某物 aim at doing sth./aim to do sth. 意欲、企圖、旨在做某事 be aimed at 目的是；旨在 (3)aimless adj. 無目的的 aimlessly adv. 無目標(biāo)地 [練通] 單句語法填空 ⑤Im aiming to_finish (finish) all tasks before the summer holidays. ⑥They will start their project, aiming at helping (help) the poor children to be educated in the west of China. 單句改錯(cuò) ⑦There was a time when he had nothing to do, wandering aimless in the street all the day. aimless→aimlessly 完成句子 ⑧She visited the school with_the_aim_of learning more advanced teaching experience. 她參觀學(xué)校的目的是學(xué)習(xí)更多先進(jìn)的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 ⑨Slowly he raised his bow and began to take_aim_at the bird standing in the tree in the distance. 慢慢地他舉起弓，開始瞄準(zhǔn)那只站在遠(yuǎn)處樹上的鳥。 [寫美] ⑩(2017全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我寫信邀請你加入我們學(xué)校的乒乓球隊(duì)，目的是培養(yǎng)我們的興趣，提高我們的技術(shù)。 I_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_the_table_tennis_team_in_our_school,_aiming_at_developing_our_interests_and_improving_our_skills. 6．observe vt.觀察，觀測；遵守；慶祝 [辨清]　寫出下列句中observe的含義 ①It is necessary that traffic rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守 ②Radar is able to observe human behavior.觀察 ③Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？慶祝 [記牢] (1)observe sb.do/doing sth.　 看到某人做了/正在做某事 observe sth.done 看到某事被做 observe a rule 遵守規(guī)則 observe the law 遵守法律 (2)observer n. 觀察者 observation n. 觀察；觀察力；觀測 under observation 在觀察中，在監(jiān)視中 [練通] 單句語法填空 ④She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite side of the way. ⑤According to observers (observe), the plane exploded shortly after takeoff. ⑥In hospital shell be under observation (observe) all the time. 翻譯句子 ⑦當(dāng)我們慶祝節(jié)日的時(shí)候，我們也必須遵守交通規(guī)則。 When_we_observe_festivals,_we_must_also_observe_the_traffic_rules. [用準(zhǔn)]　observe作“觀察；注意”講時(shí)，可用省去to的動(dòng)詞不定式或v.ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語；但如果用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，省去的動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to要還原。 ⑧The police observed the man enter the bank. →The man was observed to enter the bank by the police. [寫美] ⑨(2015江蘇高考書面表達(dá))遵守交通規(guī)則是我們每個(gè)人的職責(zé)，這樣我們的社會(huì)才能井然有序。 It_is_everybodys_duty_to_observe_traffic_rules_to_keep_our_society_in_order. 7．limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；邊界；限度 [記牢] (1)limit ... to ...　　　　　 把……限定在……范圍內(nèi) (2)set a limit to/on ... 對……規(guī)定限度 within the limits of ... 在……范圍內(nèi) within limits 在一定范圍內(nèi)；有限度地 without limit 無限地 (3)limited adj. 有限的 be limited to sth. 受限制于某物 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①M(fèi)y fianc (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home.But our funds were limited (limit)． ②There is a limit to ones life, but no limit to serving (serve) the people. ③We must limit the expenses to what we can afford. 完成句子 ④Within_the_limits_of legal rights, people are free to do as they please. 在法律權(quán)限范圍內(nèi)，人們可以自由地做他們高興做的事。⑤We must set_a_limit_to the expense of the trip. 我們必須為此次旅游費(fèi)用定一個(gè)限額。 ⑥Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without_limit. 生命有限，知識(shí)無涯。 [寫美] ⑦(2015全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))文章的長度應(yīng)限制在四百詞左右。 The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so. [詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Your work has improved in quantity (數(shù)量) and quality this term. 2．There were so many people that the pany put on extra (額外的) buses. 3．There are various (各種各樣的) ways of getting to the station: by bus, by car or on foot. 4．Upon reaching this level, temperature no longer increases with altitude (高度)． 5．Saunders lawyer made a brief statement (陳述) to the press outside the court. 6．Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function (正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)) normally. 7．Judging from what he has just said, the pany will reduce the staff (員工)． 8．The two Frenchmen went through strange adventures (奇遇) in the African forests. 9．They are now facing a major (較重要的) problem how they finish the work on time. 10．The government is taking measures to turn the school into a good shelter (庇護(hù)所) for all the students. Ⅱ.單句語法填空 1．Changing schools did make a difference (differ) to my life. 2．He stopped in confusion (confuse) as everyone turned to look at him. 3．When I passed his house, I observed him playing (play) in his yard. 4．Take a risk, and you may lose again, but you have improved your chances to win. 5．The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the uping Christmas party. 6．Neither should we embrace online voting aimlessly (aimless) nor can we deny it pletely. 7．He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing (lose) the good opportunity. 8．In addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited (limit)． Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．The question is so hard, and were all getting confusing about it. confusing→confused 2．People differ from each other on their reaction to this problem. on→in 3．The team have been training hard in preparations for the big game. preparations→preparation 4．Bruce was observed leave the building with two young men and take a taxi away. leave前加to 5．The program is aiming at a teenage audience, so it is popular with them. aiming→aimed Ⅳ.完成句子/一句多譯 1．湯姆正在學(xué)習(xí)，為下次考試做準(zhǔn)備。 Tom is studying in_preparation_for the next examination. 2．一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明，人們對該吃什么才能保持健康這個(gè)問題感到困惑。 A survey showed people were_confused_about what they should eat to stay healthy. 3．美國人和中國人在時(shí)間的處理上非常不一樣。 ①Americans_and_Chinese_differ_in_managing_time.(differ in) ②Americans_differ_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(differ from) ③Americans_are_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different) 4．為了通過駕照考試，他努力訓(xùn)練。 ①He trained hard with_the_aim_of_passing_the_driving_test. (with the aim of) ②He trained hard, aiming_at_passing_the_driving_test.(aim at) ③He trained hard, aiming_to_pass_the_driving_test.(aim to do sth.) (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．right_now　　　　　　　　　 就在此刻 2．in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便 3．upside_down 顛倒地，倒置地 4．turn_up　　　[串記1] 出現(xiàn)，到場；調(diào)高聲音 5．back_out 決定不履行(允諾的事) 6．get_across 使理解(某事) 7．in_turn 輪流 8．break_out 　　[串記2] (壞事)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā) 9．put_..._into_prison 把……關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 10．stand_by 堅(jiān)持(某種)說法；袖手旁觀 11．on_ones_way [串記3] 在途中 12．break_down 損壞，不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；失敗 13．run_out_of 用完，耗盡 14．carry_on 繼續(xù)做某事 15．take_off 起飛；匆匆離去；脫掉； 開始成功 [同根短語串記] 串記1.turn短語面面觀 ①turn down關(guān)小；拒絕 ②turn away轉(zhuǎn)過身去；拒絕 ③turn out生產(chǎn)；結(jié)果是 ④turn in上交 ⑤turn to求助于 ⑥turn up出現(xiàn)；到場 ⑦turn on/off打開/關(guān)閉 串記2.“動(dòng)詞＋out”短語匯總 ①bring out出版；公布 ②carry out實(shí)施；執(zhí)行 ③check out結(jié)賬后離開 ④drop out退出 ⑤leave out忽略；遺漏 ⑥cut out刪去；剪去 ⑦break out突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā) 串記3.“way”的相關(guān)短語知多少 ①on ones way在途中 ②all the way一直，完全 ③by the way順便地 ④in a way在某種程度上 ⑤make ones way去，前往 ⑥under way在進(jìn)行中 ⑦in the way擋道；礙事 1．the first to leave 第一個(gè)離開 2．walk along mountain path 沿著山路走 3．have a hot cup of tea 喝杯熱茶 4．goodbye to most of our dreams 　 告別我們大多數(shù)的夢想 5．one of the bestselling books in Europe 在歐洲最暢銷的書之一　　　 6．begin his journey to the Antarctic　 開始他的南極之旅 7．the total darkness of the polar winter 極地冬季的極夜時(shí)期　　　　 8．see Chinese people using paper money in the markets 看到中國人在市場上使用紙幣 1．Why do_you_think people would want to go on this trip? 你認(rèn)為人們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)想去進(jìn)行這次旅行？ 2．When I turned up for my first jump I was so_nervous_that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it. 當(dāng)我第一次站在跳臺(tái)上時(shí)是如此緊張以至于想退縮，但是朋友們說服了我。 3．Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true. 雖然人們愛讀他的書，但許多人認(rèn)為馬可寫的關(guān)于中國的東西太離奇而不可信。 4．Then_came the total darkness of the polar winter. 接下來極地冬日的極夜時(shí)期到來了。 5．The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty_walking. 接下來離開的是奧茨上尉，他行走不便。 [學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞塊與句式 1．(2010山東高考閱讀B)If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語)carry_on 2．(2009安徽高考閱讀A)Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes.Sometimes just a few people show up on time.Thats fewer names for you to remember.And as more people arrive，you can hear them being introduced to others — an automatic review for you.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語)turn_up 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞塊與句式 (根據(jù)漢語及提示翻譯句子) 1．(2016全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))為了獲得一些實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我計(jì)劃在一家外資公司兼職。(in order to do something) In_order_to_get_some_practical_experience,_I_am_planning_to_take_a_parttime_job_in_a_foreign_capital_pany. 2．(2016北京高考書面表達(dá))我們做得很好以至于我們被邀請與我們學(xué)校的所有學(xué)生分享我們的想法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(so ...that) We_did_so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with_all_the_students_of_our_school. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語集釋] 1．take off起飛；脫去(衣服)；開始成功；休假；匆匆離去 [辨清]　寫出下列句中take off的含義 ①She got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work. 脫去(衣服) ②Hurry up. The plane will take off in about half an hour. 起飛 ③Congratulations, Paulo! Now maybe you can take a few days off. 休假 ④After his third film, his career of film performance took off. 開始成功 [記牢] take over　　　　 接任，接管，接收；取得主導(dǎo)地位 take in 吸收，理解；受騙；接待 take up 拿起；占據(jù)；對……有興趣；開始從事 take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān) [練通]　完成句子 ⑤He was homeless, so we_took_him_in. 他無家可歸，我們便收留了他。 ⑥Im sorry Ive already taken_up so much of your valuable time. 對不起，我占用了你這么多寶貴時(shí)間。 [寫美] ⑦(2014江西高考書面表達(dá))課堂上理解老師所講內(nèi)容以及課下復(fù)習(xí)所學(xué)知識(shí)很重要。 It_is_important_to_take_in_what_the_teachers_say_in_class_and_review_what_you_learnt_after_class. 2．get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；橫過(馬路、河等) [記牢] get across to (sb.)/get sth.across to (sb.) 　　　　　　　　 被傳達(dá)/理解；把……講清楚 get away from 逃離；遠(yuǎn)離；避開 get down to (doing) 開始認(rèn)真處理/對待，開始(做) get through 穿過；完成；接通電話；用完；通過 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①We must get across to the public the simple fact that drugs are dangerous. ②Its time that I got down to thinking (think) about my future. ③After that, he knew he could get through any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability. [寫美] ④(2015全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))你能在6月28日之前完成文章嗎？ Could_you_get_through_your_article_before_June_28? 3．break down損壞，不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；(身體)垮掉；(談判)失??；崩潰；拆毀，拆除；分解 [辨清]　寫出下列句中break down的含義 ①His health broke down under the pressure of work. (身體)垮掉 ②The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. (談判)失敗 ③To understand the grammar of the sentence, youd better break it down into parts. 分解 ④The firemen broke down the wall in order to gain quick access to the building on fire. 拆毀，拆除 ⑤He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down. 損壞，不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) [記牢] break into　　　　　　破門而入，強(qiáng)行闖入(后接賓語)；突然開始(哭、唱等) break in 闖入；插話，打斷 break away from 突然掙脫，擺脫 break out (壞事)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā) break up 結(jié)束；粉碎，破碎；解散 break through 取得突破；克服 [練通]　單句語法填空 ⑥Should another world war break out,_what would bee of human beings? ⑦In order to get some money, the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts. ⑧Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer. [寫美] ⑨(2018浙江高考書面表達(dá))我?guī)缀蹙鸵宓舻臅r(shí)候，父親說，“別擔(dān)心，兒子。我記得農(nóng)場附近就有一條河。找到它我們就能回家了。” I_was_almost_on_the_edge_of_breaking_down_when_my_father_said,_“Dont_worry,_my_son.I_remember_there_is_a_river_near_the_farm_house.Find_the_river_and_we_will_be_back_home.” [句式集釋] 1．too ... to ...“太……而不能……” [教材原句]　Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true. [悟拓展例句] (1)As far as I know, they are too_anxious_to_leave. 據(jù)我所知，他們急于離開。 (2)They are all too_satisfied_to_go and do this work. 他們都很樂意地去做這項(xiàng)工作。 (3)I couldnt_thank_you_too_much_for all your help to my son while we were away from home. 當(dāng)我們不在家時(shí)，你對我兒子的幫助，我再怎樣感謝你也不過分。 (4)Tom is too young to go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home. ＝Tom is not_old_enough_to go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home. ＝Tom is so_young_that he cant go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home. 湯姆太小了，不能去上學(xué)。因此，他媽媽在家照看他。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)“too ... to ...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，若too后接glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing, ready, easy等表示心情、情緒的形容詞時(shí)，表示肯定意義，too相當(dāng)于very。 (2)“too ... to”結(jié)構(gòu)之前帶有but, only, all, never, not時(shí)，是強(qiáng)調(diào)肯定的表示法，譯作“非?！?；十分……；實(shí)在……；真是太……”等。 (3)“too ... to ...”結(jié)構(gòu)可以與“not enough ... to ...”或“so ... that ...”結(jié)構(gòu)相互轉(zhuǎn)換。 (4)“cant ... too ...”表示“無論怎樣……也不過分”。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2014福建高考滿分作文)The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still, I took many falls off the bike.(要點(diǎn)句) (2)You cant be too careful to drive.After all, life is valuable.(要點(diǎn)句) 2．have difficulty (in) doing sth. [教材原句]　The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty_ walking. [悟拓展例句] (1)Homeless people often hav