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Unit 2 Poems 一、閱讀理解。 The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2，000 birds and mammals.To date，at least 40，000 plant species，3，000 fish，1，294 birds，427 mammals，428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region.One in five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest. The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species.Radiocarbon dating(放射性碳定年法) has revealed trees of 10 centimeter in diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1，000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity. The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11，200 years ago.European explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers. The Amazon rainforests has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.But due to deforestation(濫伐森林)，rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earth’s land surface，and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change.Severe deforestation began in the 20th century，with 587，000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture.The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要講述了亞馬遜熱帶雨林的歷史、豐富的物種以及現(xiàn)在所面臨的危險(xiǎn)。 1．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To prove the forest untouched. B．To classify species scientifically. C．To show the diversity of species. D．To attract more attention to the Amazon region. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容并結(jié)合第二段第一句中的“allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species”可推知，那些關(guān)于動(dòng)植物種類(lèi)的數(shù)字說(shuō)明了亞馬遜熱帶雨林的物種多樣性，故選C。 2．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die? A．European explorers brought diseases there. B．Portuguese explorers treated them badly. C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned. D．They got killed by Spanish explorers. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，可能多達(dá)90%的亞馬遜土著居民因?yàn)闅W洲探險(xiǎn)者所帶來(lái)的疾病而死亡，故選A。 3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest? A．It has the largest number of species. B．It covers over 5% of South America. C．It is being larger in area. D．It is being endangered now. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“at the present rate...in two decades”并結(jié)合最后一段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，亞馬遜熱帶雨林遭到破壞，而且未來(lái)20年可能會(huì)減少40%，故選D。 4．What may be included in the following paragraph? A．Examples of destroying forests. B．Measures to protect rainforests. C．New settlements in the Amazon region. D．Ways to stop global warming. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的關(guān)鍵詞“deforestation(濫伐森林)”可推知，亞馬遜熱帶雨林砍伐嚴(yán)重，那么文章接下來(lái)自然就會(huì)論述這一問(wèn)題的解決措施，故選B。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Is there anything ________ particular that you want to talk about? 答案：in　in particular為固定的介詞短語(yǔ)，作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾anything，意為“特別的”。 2．If we ________ (exchange) telephone number last week, I would have no trouble getting in touch with you now. 答案：had exchanged　該句為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句。由last week可知，從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故應(yīng)填had exchanged。 3．Although ________ (tease) about fatness, she still has confidence in her performance of daily life. 答案：teased　主語(yǔ)she與tease之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。 4．This is a poem that perfectly ________ (convey) to the readers what the poet feels. 答案：conveys　由主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is和從句中的feels可以判斷用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為a poem，為單數(shù)形式，故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式conveys，該從句含有“convey sth. to sb.”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 5．She always exchanges words ________ her neighbours. 答案：with　exchange ... with ... “和……交換……”。 6．Since then it ________ (transform) itself from a small fishing village into a major financial centre. 答案：has transformed　由since then可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 7．In some places women are expected to earn money ________ men work at home and raise their children. 答案：while　while “而，然而”，可用于表示兩種情況的對(duì)比。 8．With something important ________ (talk) about with you, you must stay here. 答案：to talk　該句為“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋to do”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，to do表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。 9．He just took ________ for granted that he would pass the exam. 答案：it　take it for granted that ... 為常用句式，意為“認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的”。 10．I think her ________ (translate) of the article is much better. 答案：translation　由her可知，應(yīng)填所給詞的名詞形式translation，意為“翻譯；譯文”。 三、完形填空。 Though Dad looked tired and weak，his smile was as sure as ever.It was another __1__ of pneumonia(肺炎)．My husband and I stayed with him for the__2__ but had to return to our jobs by Monday morning.Local relatives would see that Dad was home from the hospital，and they would visit him __3__，prepare his meals and take him to his doctor appointments.But I __4__ to be able to let him know that we __5__ ，too，even when we werent with him. Then I remembered a family __6__ I started when our children were small.When leaving their grandparents home after a visit，each child would __7__ a love note in the house for them to __8__ after we were gone.They hid notes somewhere.For days after our __9__ ，their grandparents would __10__ as they discovered these reminders of our love. So as I __11__ Dads rooms，I began writing notes.Some were __12__.“Dad，I put the milk in the fridge so it wouldnt __13__.”Some expressed my love.“Dad，I hope you sleep well in your new bed.”Most notes were __14__ where he would lived for several weeks until he regained __15__ ，but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow.“Dad，if you have found this note，you must be feeling better.We are so __16__ ！” While others cared for Dads daily __17__ ，we，of course，would stay in touch by phone.But our notes were a __18__ reminder of our love and concern for him during this recovery period.Just like his medicines improved him physically，these“__19__ vitamins”(維生素)would improve his spiritual health.Several weeks later，Dad phoned and said，“Ill tell you that I just found your __20__ under my upstairs pillow！”I smiled at last. 1．A.experience B．a(chǎn)ttack C．disaster D．pain 2．A.weekday B．night C．weekend D．holiday 3．A.regularly B．rarely C．suddenly D．occasionally 4．A.happened B．dreamed C．a(chǎn)greed D．longed 5．A.feared B．cared C．calmed D．regretted 6．A.hobby B．game C．tradition D．business 7．A.hide B．write C．copy D．leave 8．A.recall B．remember C．enjoy D．find 9．A.exchange B．departure C．a(chǎn)rrival D．escape 10．A.weep B．sigh C．smile D．scream 11．A.tidied B．entered C．designed D．equipped 12．A.brief B．serious C．sincere D．practical 13．A.spill B．spoil C．boil D．freeze 14．A.upstairs B．downstairs C．outside D．indoors 15．A.sense B．wealth C．strength D．consciousness 16．A.glad B．fortunate C．a(chǎn)nxious D．busy 17．A.exercises B．needs C．feelings D．sufferings 18．A.final B．visual C．smooth D．concrete 19．A.emotional B．expensive C．effective D．excellent 20．A.gift B．love C．note D．letter 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。父親得了肺炎后，作者夫妻倆由于工作日要工作，不能照顧父親，心中感到非常難過(guò)。這時(shí)作者想起了家庭的傳統(tǒng)，于是便帶著孩子一起在父親家里藏各種各樣的表達(dá)愛(ài)的紙條，幫助父親一起從疾病中康復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。 1．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指父親第二次肺炎發(fā)作。A項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)歷”；B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)作，侵襲”； C項(xiàng)意為“災(zāi)難”；D項(xiàng)意為“疼痛”。故選B項(xiàng)。 2．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“but had to return to our jobs by Monday morning”可知，此處指“我”和丈夫周末陪父親。A項(xiàng)意為“工作日”；B項(xiàng)意為“晚上”；C項(xiàng)意為“周末”；D項(xiàng)意為“假期”。故選C項(xiàng)。 3．A　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“prepare his meals and take him to his doctor appointments”并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，此處指親戚們定期地去家里看望父親，給他準(zhǔn)備吃的，帶他去看醫(yī)生。A項(xiàng)意為“定期地，有規(guī)律地”；B項(xiàng)意為“很少”；C項(xiàng)意為“突然”；D項(xiàng)意為“偶爾”。故選A項(xiàng)。 4．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“我”渴望讓父親知道“我們”也關(guān)心他，甚至在“我們”不在他身邊的時(shí)候。A項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)生”；B項(xiàng)意為“夢(mèng)想”；C項(xiàng)意為“同意”；D項(xiàng)意為“渴望”。故選D項(xiàng)。 5．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。上文提到親戚們會(huì)定期去家里看望父親，照顧他，此處承接上文，指“我”渴望讓父親知道“我們”也關(guān)心他。A項(xiàng)意為“害怕”；B項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)心，關(guān)懷”；C項(xiàng)意為“使鎮(zhèn)靜”；D項(xiàng)意為“后悔，遺憾”。故選B項(xiàng)。 6．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指一個(gè)家庭的傳統(tǒng)。A項(xiàng)意為“愛(ài)好”；B項(xiàng)意為“游戲”；C項(xiàng)意為“傳統(tǒng)”；D項(xiàng)意為“生意”。故選C項(xiàng)。 7．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“They hid notes somewhere.”可知，此處指每個(gè)孩子在屋子都會(huì)藏一張愛(ài)的紙條。A項(xiàng)意為“藏，隱蔽”； B項(xiàng)意為“寫(xiě)”；C項(xiàng)意為“復(fù)制，抄寫(xiě)”；D項(xiàng)意為“離開(kāi)”。故選A項(xiàng)。 8．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“their grandparents would ________ as they discovered these reminders of our love”可知，此處指當(dāng)“我們”離開(kāi)后，“我”的父母會(huì)找到這些愛(ài)的紙條。A項(xiàng)意為“回憶”；B項(xiàng)意為“記得”；C項(xiàng)意為“喜歡，享受”；D項(xiàng)意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選D項(xiàng)。 9．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“after we were gone”可知，此處指當(dāng)我們離開(kāi)后的幾天里。A項(xiàng)意為“交換”；B項(xiàng)意為“離開(kāi)”；C項(xiàng)意為“到達(dá)”；D項(xiàng)意為“逃跑”。故選B項(xiàng)。 10．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“as they discovered these reminders of our love”可知，此處指當(dāng)他們找到這些愛(ài)的紙條后，會(huì)露出笑容。A項(xiàng)意為“哭泣”；B項(xiàng)意為“嘆氣”；C項(xiàng)意為“微笑”；D項(xiàng)意為“尖叫”。故選C項(xiàng)。 11．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，“我”整理父親的房間時(shí)，開(kāi)始寫(xiě)紙條。A項(xiàng)意為“整理，使整潔”；B項(xiàng)意為“進(jìn)入”；C項(xiàng)意為“設(shè)計(jì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“裝備”。故選A項(xiàng)。 12．D　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Dad, I put the milk in the fridge so it wouldnt ________.”可知，一些紙條的內(nèi)容是實(shí)用的。A項(xiàng)意為“簡(jiǎn)潔的”； B項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)肅的，嚴(yán)重的”；C項(xiàng)意為“真誠(chéng)的”；D項(xiàng)意為“實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的”。故選D項(xiàng)。 13．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)和語(yǔ)境可知，此處指把牛奶放在冰箱里，這樣它就不會(huì)變質(zhì)了。A項(xiàng)意為“溢出，潑出”；B項(xiàng)意為“變質(zhì)，變壞，腐敗”；C項(xiàng)意為“燒開(kāi)，煮沸”；D項(xiàng)意為“冷藏”。故選B項(xiàng)。 14．B　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow”可知，此處指“我”把大多數(shù)紙條放在了樓下。A項(xiàng)意為“樓上”；B項(xiàng)意為“在樓下”；C項(xiàng)意為“在外面”；D項(xiàng)意為“在室內(nèi)”。故選B項(xiàng)。 15．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Dad, if you have found this note，you must be feeling better.”可知，父親會(huì)在樓下待幾周直到他體力恢復(fù)。A項(xiàng)意為“感覺(jué)”；B項(xiàng)意為“財(cái)富”；C項(xiàng)意為“體力，力氣”；D項(xiàng)意為“知覺(jué)”。故選C項(xiàng)。 16．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文和常識(shí)可知，當(dāng)?shù)弥赣H身體恢復(fù)健康后，“我們”都非常高興。A項(xiàng)意為“高興的”；B項(xiàng)意為“幸運(yùn)的”；C項(xiàng)意為“焦急的”；D項(xiàng)意為“忙碌的”。故選A項(xiàng)。 17．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“we, of course, would stay in touch by phone”可知，其他人來(lái)照顧父親的日常需要。A項(xiàng)意為“練習(xí)”；B項(xiàng)意為“需要”；C項(xiàng)意為“感覺(jué)”；D項(xiàng)意為“痛苦，苦難”。故選B項(xiàng)。 18．D　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“reminder of our love and concern for him during this recovery period”可知，這些紙條是我們對(duì)父親的愛(ài)的具體表達(dá)。A項(xiàng)意為“最終的”；B項(xiàng)意為“視覺(jué)的”；C項(xiàng)意為“光滑的”； D項(xiàng)意為“具體的，確實(shí)的”。故選D項(xiàng)。 19．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“would improve his spiritual health”可知，這些情感的維生素改善了父親的精神狀態(tài)。A項(xiàng)意為“情感的，情緒的”；B項(xiàng)意為“昂貴的”；C項(xiàng)意為“有效的”；D項(xiàng)意為“卓越的”。故選A項(xiàng)。 20．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow”可知，此處指父親告訴“我”，他找到了“我”藏在樓上的紙條。A項(xiàng)意為“禮物”；B項(xiàng)意為“愛(ài)”；C項(xiàng)意為“便條，短箋”；D項(xiàng)意為“信”。故選C項(xiàng)。 長(zhǎng)難句分析：When leaving their grandparents home after a visit，each child would hide a love note in the house for them to find after we were gone.(第二段第二句) 分析：When引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，此處省略主語(yǔ)each child和be動(dòng)詞；after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 譯文：當(dāng)每一個(gè)孩子拜訪他們的祖父母之后要離開(kāi)的時(shí)候，他們都會(huì)在房子里藏一張充滿(mǎn)愛(ài)的紙條讓祖父母在他們走后尋找。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．They ran out off money and had to abandon the project. ______________________________________________________ 答案：off→of　run out of “用完……”，相當(dāng)于use up。 2．Food supplies in the floodstricken area are run out. We must cut immediately before theres none left. ______________________________________________________ 答案：run→running　當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，run out是不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“耗盡”，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，應(yīng)改為進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示即將耗盡。 3．With more and more trees cutting down, some animals are facing the danger of dying out. ______________________________________________________ 答案：cutting→cut　cut down和trees之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 4．The baby cant even sit up yet, let out walk! ______________________________________________________ 答案：out→alone　let out通常意為“發(fā)出(大的聲音)”；let alone常用在否定句中，意為“更不用說(shuō)”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)改out為alone。 5．I try to make what I want to say easy accepted by children. ______________________________________________________ 答案：easy→easily　修飾動(dòng)詞accept應(yīng)用副詞形式，故將easy改為easily。 五、短文改錯(cuò) Not long ago，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang，which aroused a heating discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father in a very early age，he was brought up by her mother.Despite of serious illness，he overcame all difficulties and was admit to Tsinghua with high marks.He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room，where his mother could take care of him in the next four year.In the reply，the school promise to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life.It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university which attracts the publics attention.From Weis story，I learned that hard work would final pay off. 【答案】 Not long ago，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang，which aroused a discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father a very early age，he was brought up by mother.Despite serious illness，he overcame all difficulties and was to Tsinghua with high marks.He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room，where his mother could take care of him in the next four .In the reply，the school to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life.It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university attracts the publics attention.From Weis story，I learned that hard work would pay off. 第一處：heating改為heated?？疾樾稳菰~。那引起了一場(chǎng)激烈的討論。故heated “激烈的”符合語(yǔ)境。 第二處：in改為at?？疾榻樵~。at a very early age“在很小的年紀(jì)”為固定搭配。 第三處：her改為his。考查代詞。根據(jù)上文可知Wei Xiang是男性，故此處應(yīng)用his。 第四處：刪除of?？疾榻樵~。盡管得了嚴(yán)重的疾病，despite“盡管”后跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不需帶of。 第五處：admit改為admitted?？疾楣潭ù钆洹e admitted to“被接收(入學(xué))”為固定搭配。 第六處：year改為years。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。未來(lái)四年母親能夠在那兒照顧他，four后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故此處為years。 第七處：promise改為promised。考查時(shí)態(tài)。本文敘述的是過(guò)去的事情，且全文使用的均為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故此處用promised。 第八處：have后加a?？疾楣谠~。鼓勵(lì)他對(duì)人生充滿(mǎn)信心，have a strong belief in...“堅(jiān)信……；對(duì)……懷有堅(jiān)定信念”。 第九處：which改為that。考查特殊句型。正是他鼓舞人心的經(jīng)歷和來(lái)自清華大學(xué)的溫暖吸引了公眾的注意。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型it be＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who...，故改為that。 第十處：final改為finally?？疾楦痹~。此處表示“努力最終會(huì)得到回報(bào)”。修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞，因此改為finally。