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沈陽(yáng)工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)
摘 要
五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心是復(fù)雜平滑曲面加工的重要手段，也是汽車(chē)、模具、航空航天業(yè)精密復(fù)雜零件加工的重要設(shè)備。它代表著機(jī)床制造業(yè)先進(jìn)技術(shù)集成的方向，西方工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家一直把五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控機(jī)床系統(tǒng)作為重要的戰(zhàn)略物資，實(shí)行出口許可證制度，并對(duì)于用于軍事領(lǐng)域的五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心實(shí)行禁運(yùn)，所以自行開(kāi)發(fā)精密五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心對(duì)我國(guó)的航空、航天、軍事、科研、精密器械、高精醫(yī)療設(shè)備等行業(yè)的發(fā)展有著重要的理論意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
論文在綜合比較分析國(guó)內(nèi)外五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)，綜合借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外先進(jìn)機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和設(shè)計(jì)分析手段的基礎(chǔ)上，采用設(shè)計(jì)和試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方法，系統(tǒng)的對(duì)其總體布局、主要功能部件的設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)床精度保持和機(jī)床高速運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性能分析等關(guān)鍵項(xiàng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入研究。詳細(xì)分析了國(guó)外五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心的機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)方法，探討了各種機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，通過(guò)大量詳細(xì)而準(zhǔn)確的計(jì)算，提出了機(jī)床總體布局方案，并完成了頭庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、氣動(dòng)控制回路設(shè)計(jì)。
關(guān)鍵詞：五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心；結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；性能研究
I
Abstract
The five axis simultaneously controlled machining center is an important kind of equipmertt,which is used to handle continuous smooth and complicated curve surface in automobile,mold and aerospace manufacturing.It integrates many Advanced machine tool manufacturing technologies.So industrial developed countries implement the export license limit on it and lay an embargo on five axis simultaneously controlled machine for military purpose.Therefore,focused on the field of machine tools,develop the precision five axis machining center for our national aerospace,military,scientific research,precision instrument and medical apparatus industries by US to have the important theories meaning and the application values．
Based on the analysis and comparison of design technologies of five axismachining centers and advanced machine structures，the existent problems and the development trends are analyzed.Some key technologies and methods,such as precision high-speed five—axis machining center's general layout，main function unit design，machine accuracy maintain and dynamic performance analysis of machine’s high-speed motion,are studied．The designing methods of five axis machining center are analyzed and compared in detail.After modeling and calculating lots of engineering restriction functions,the machine’S general layout plan is worked out．Furthermore，some main function units that include machine spindle，feed system and driving unit are finished．
Keywords：Five-Axis Simultaneously Controlled Machining Center；Structural Design；Performance Study
3
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
緒 論 1
1頭庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的理論基礎(chǔ) 2
1.1頭庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及優(yōu)勢(shì) 2
1.2本課題主要工作 4
2頭庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.1頭庫(kù)整體結(jié)構(gòu)布局簡(jiǎn)介 5
2.2托板傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)導(dǎo)軌副選用計(jì)算 9
2.3托板傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)氣缸選用計(jì)算及氣動(dòng)控制回路 14
3交換控制邏輯 16
3.1 PLC控制邏輯 17
3.2 NC控制邏輯 19
3.3交換過(guò)程中的銑頭松開(kāi)/夾緊監(jiān)控 22
3.3.1 流量計(jì)簡(jiǎn)介 23
3.3.2 監(jiān)控原理 24
3.4 交換過(guò)程中Z軸異常負(fù)載監(jiān)控 25
結(jié) 論 26
致 謝 27
參考文獻(xiàn) 28