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UncertaintyAvoidance 不確定性規(guī)避 AccordingtoHofstede 1998 uncertaintyavoidancereferstothelackoftoleranceforambiguityanduncertaintyandtheneedforformalrulesandhigh levelorganizationalstructure 1 UncertaintyAvoidanceincludestwoforms LowuncertaintyAvoidanceHighuncertaintyAvoidance 2 LowUncertaintyAvoidance低度不確定性規(guī)避 Culturesoflowuncertaintyavoidancehavelessconcernaboutambiguityanduncertaintyandhavemoretoleranceforavarietyofopinions U S Canada GreatBritain 3 HighUncertaintyAvoidance高度不確定性規(guī)避 Culturesofhighuncertaintyavoidancehavealowtoleranceforuncertaintyandambiguity France Japan 4 1 Thereisastrongwinglingnesstolivedaybyday 2 Peoplehavelowlevelofstress low 5 Thereisgreateranxietyaboutthefuture Peoplehavehighlevelofstress high 6 Peoplearemorerisk taking Onehopesforsuccess low 7 Peoplearelessrisk taking Failureisfeared high 8 1 Superordinatesmaysay Idon tknow 2 Lessformalorganizationalstructuresaredesired low 9 Superordinateshavealltheanswers Formalorganizationalstructuresaredesired high 10 11 Somecharacteristicsofbusinessculture 12 low high 13 high low 14 low high 15 TheScoreofUncertaintyAvoidanceIndex 上中下 50 70 16 Influence Eachcountryhaseachculture wecannottreatanycountriesatthesameattitude Inthebusiness aAmericanclerkwillneverunderstandwhystaffshouldstayinthesamecompanyforallhis herlife Sotherewillbeconflictbetweenthembecausethatiscultureinfluencethatnoteveryculturecanbeadapttoanotherculture Inaword influenceisinevitable 17