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Unit 2 (時間：30分鐘　滿分：35分)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分) 1．Our government is trying its best to________the social security system to protect peoples rights.(2012山東曲阜一中高三摸底考試) A．balance B．reform C．conduct D．press 答案　B　[考查名詞詞義的辨析。balance平衡；reform改革；conduct行為；指揮；press印刷；報刊。句意：我們的政府正盡最大努力改革安全保障體系以保護(hù)人們的權(quán)利。] 2．Some drunken drivers think that they may be lucky to________a fine, which may cost their own lives. A．get through B．get along with C．get down to D．get away with 答案　D　[考查動詞短語的辨析。get through完成；通過；get along with 與……相處；get down to 開始認(rèn)真干某事；get away with 被放過；(做壞事)不受懲罰。句意：有的醉酒駕駛的司機(jī)認(rèn)為他們可能會很幸運(yùn)的逃避懲罰，這樣做會使他們付出生命的代價。] 3．—I am afraid this pair of shoes is a little expensive. —If you really want to buy them, I will give you a________of 10 percent. A．quantity B．a(chǎn)mount C．discount D．a(chǎn)ccount 答案　C　[考查名詞辨析。 quantity數(shù)量；amount數(shù)量；discount折扣；account賬目。此處為“10%的折扣”。句意：——恐怕這雙鞋子有點(diǎn)貴了?！绻阏娴南胭I的話，我會給你打10%的折扣。] 4．Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of alternative________. A．energy B．strength C．power D．force 答案　A　[考查名詞詞義的辨析。energy能源；精力；strength力氣；力量；power權(quán)力；力量；force力；力量。句意：許多國家正增加天然氣、風(fēng)和其它可替代能源的利用。] 5．________the Internet is________，I do not think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it. A．When; greatly beneficial B．As; a great benefit C．While; of great benefit D．Now; of no benefit 答案　C　[第一空考查狀語從句的連接詞。while作盡管講時應(yīng)位于主句前；as 作盡管講時該從句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。be of benefit相當(dāng)于be beneficial，表示有益的。句意：盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)很有益處，但我認(rèn)為花費(fèi)太多的時間上網(wǎng)并不是好主意。] 6．The new administration has promised people to________administrative expenses by ten percent next year. A．cut down B．cut up C．cut off D．cut out 答案　A　[考查動詞短語的辨析。cut down減少；縮減；cut up 切碎；cut off 切斷；斷絕；cut out突然熄火；停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。句意：新政府向人們許諾明年減少行政開支的10%。] 7．—What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? —Well, it________be really huge；the size isnt so important. A．neednt B．mustnt C．cant D．wont 答案　A　[考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。由語境可知A項正確。句意：——你想擁有什么樣的房子？大點(diǎn)的嗎？——噢，沒有必要太大，面積并不重要。] 8．—Tony, make sure everything________for the meeting before 7：30. —Dont worry about it, sir.Ive already made it. A．is prepared B．is being prepared C．has prepared D．will be preparing 答案　A　[考查動詞時態(tài)及語態(tài)。由時間狀語before 可知，會議還沒有舉行，且everything與prepare之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在時的被動形式。句意：——Tony，要確保在7：30前大會議需要的一切準(zhǔn)備好?！挥脫?dān)心，先生，我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了。] 9．It was so quiet in the classroom that a needle________to drop onto the floor. A．could hear B．was to be heard C．could have been heard D．must be heard 答案　C　[考查虛擬語氣的含蓄用法。此處表示與過去情況相反，故用could have done結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：教室里那么靜以至于針掉到地上都能聽到。] 10．—I wonder why Mr Green hasnt showed up at the meeting yet. —Im not sure，but he________in a traffic jam driving here. A．could be stuck B．might have been stuck C．might be stuck D．must have been stuck 答案　B　[考查對過去情況的推測。must have done 表示對過去情況的肯定推測；might have done表示對過去情況的推測，可能性較小，意為“可能……”。句意：——我想知道格林先生為什么還沒有來出席會議。——我不確定，他有可能在來的路上遇上了交通堵塞。] 11．China opened its door to the outside world in 1978.________that had far reaching effects.(2012宜春中學(xué)高三模擬) A．Did a new development come then B．Came then a new development C．Then came a new development D．Then did a new development come 答案　C　[考查倒裝句。then位于句首，主謂要倒裝。] 12．The president was so absorbed in his work that not a sound________.(2011江蘇淮安市高三調(diào)研) A．did she dare to make B．dared she to make C．she dared make D．she did dare to make 答案　A　[考查dare一詞的用法。dare既可用作情態(tài)動詞，又可用作實(shí)義動詞；not a sound 為否定結(jié)構(gòu)，位于句首句子用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，故A項正確。句意：經(jīng)理在忙著工作以至于她一點(diǎn)聲音都不敢發(fā)出來。] 13．The father________his son to buy him a car if he goes abroad to further study. A．a(chǎn)grees B．promises C．a(chǎn)llows D．permits 答案　B　[考查動詞詞義的辨析。agree同意；promise答應(yīng)；許諾；allow允許；permit 允許。由語境可知B項正確。句意：父親答應(yīng)他的兒子如果他到國外深造的話就給他買一輛車。] 14．The hotel wasnt particularly good，but I ________ in many worse hotels. A．was staying B．stayed C．would stay D．had stayed 答案　D　[句意：這家旅館不怎么好，但(在此以前)我還住過許多(比這家)更糟糕的旅館。根據(jù)句意及第一個分句的謂語動詞wasnt可知，設(shè)空處表“過去的過去”，故D項為正確答案。] 15．His speech is so confusing that its difficult to make out________he is trying to express. A．that B．how C．who D．what 答案　D　[考查名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，從句中缺少賓語，故應(yīng)用what。句意：他的演講內(nèi)容很令人困惑以至于很難弄明白他想表達(dá)什么。] Ⅱ.閱讀理解(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分) A The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals. Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment. Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community. As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals — many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours. During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be selfgoverning, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from. 【解題導(dǎo)語】 國家保健中心由中央政府直接負(fù)責(zé)，但由地方當(dāng)局管理。建立國家保健中心的最初目的是為農(nóng)村居民提供免費(fèi)的基本健康護(hù)理，尤其兒童、孕婦等可享受免費(fèi)治療。 16．We can know from the first paragraph that________. A．the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B．people didnt have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up C．patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948 D．the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立國家保健中心的最初目的是為農(nóng)村居民提供免費(fèi)的基本健康護(hù)理，而不是針對所有的人，所以前兩項錯誤。] 17．What do we know about the NHS? A．Its managed by the central government. B．Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions. C．It hires more people than any other unit in Europe. D．Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe...”可知。從第二自然段第一句可以看出國家保健中心由中央政府直接負(fù)責(zé)，但由地方當(dāng)局管理，所以A項錯誤。] 18．All the following statements about GPs are true EXCEPT that they________. A．take care of the local peoples health B．often take part in competitions to see who is the best C．work under high pressure nowadays D．have more responsibilities than before 答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段話“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients.”可知政府鼓勵全科醫(yī)生之間相互競爭，而不是讓他們進(jìn)行競賽，看誰的醫(yī)術(shù)高明。] 19．What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean? A．suffering B．different C．prevented D．free 答案　D　[猜測詞義題。前面提到醫(yī)生開藥方及給病人治療牙病需要收費(fèi)，再結(jié)合but一詞可推斷兒童、孕婦等可享受免費(fèi)治療。] 20．The biggest problem for the NHS is________. A．many hospitals are too old to be used B．some services are in the charge of individuals C．more and more patients go to GPs for treatment D．there is not enough money for further reform 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段最后一句可知。] B For most of his life，Daniel Defoe worked as a business man.However，when he was 60，he wrote something that was a great success.It was Robinson Crusoe，the first novel in English literature. Why do we say that Robinson Crusoe was the first novel in English literature？Novels are fulllength invented stories.But even if the events and people in the story are invented，they are described in a way that makes them seem real.Before Robinson Crusoe，nobody in English literature had written a story like that.In Robinson Crusoe，Defoe describes Robinsons adventures in great detail.It seems that the writer is talking to the reader.In the early 18th century，most writers wrote in a complex style that was very different from the way people talked.Critics at the time didnt like the style of Robinson Crusoe.They didnt understand that Defoe had created something new in literature. Robinson Crusoe is not only an exciting story but also a great novel.It makes the reader think about important questions about life.One interesting idea in the book is about the relationship between individuals and society.Robinson lives alone on an island.He is free to live in any way he wants，but he chooses to live as a civilized man.Another interesting idea in the book is how people need one another in society.On the island，there is nobody to help Robinson.He has to do everything by himself.He has to learn how to be a builder，a farmer and how to make clothes and shoes.This experience teaches Robinson how we all need the help of experts.Values are also discussed in the book.When Robinson goes back to the sunken ship，looking for things that could be useful，he picks up some gold and says，“This is no use to me.”He understands that something has value on condition that it is useful. Robinson Crusoe was the first novel in English literature.It was also the first bestseller.When he wrote the story，Defoe changed English literature for ever. 【解題導(dǎo)語】 你知道英國文學(xué)中“歷險小說”的開創(chuàng)者是誰嗎？這種歷險小說為什么會受到歷代讀者的青睞呢？一起來了解一下英國第一位偉大的小說家吧！ 21．From this passage，we know that Daniel Defoe ________. A．showed his talents for writing when young B．was the greatest novelist in English literature C．was a merchant before he wrote Robinson Crusoe D．wrote novels in his spare time 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段可知，丹尼爾笛福一直是一位商人，60歲時才開始寫《魯濱遜漂流記》，而且一舉成名，故C項為正確答案。] 22．Which of the following is TRUE about Robinson Crusoe? A．It was favoured by literary critics at that time. B．It was based on a real story. C．It opened a new era in English literature. D．It was more a story than a novel. 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Critics at the time didnt like the style of Robinson Crusoe.”可知當(dāng)時的文學(xué)評論家并不喜歡《魯濱遜漂流記》，故A項錯誤。根據(jù)第二段中的“Novels are fulllength invented stories”可知故事和人物都是虛構(gòu)的，故B項錯誤。根據(jù)第二段中的“Before Robinson Crusoe，nobody in English literature had written a story like that.”可知在這部小說之前，沒有任何一部同類風(fēng)格的小說，所以說《魯濱遜漂流記》是英國文學(xué)史上第一部真正的小說，故C項是正確答案。D項的意思是“與其說《魯濱遜漂流記》是一本小說，不如說是一個故事”，這與文章的相關(guān)內(nèi)容不一致。] 23．Which of the following is the style of Robinson Crusoe? A．Imaginative. B．Lifelike. C．Autobiographical. D．Descriptive. 答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，《魯濱遜漂流記》被稱為英國文學(xué)史上的第一部小說是因為在此之前沒有一部類似風(fēng)格的小說，這部小說給我們的感覺是真實(shí)的，就好像是小說中的人物在與你談話，所以選擇B項。用lifelike描述這部小說的風(fēng)格最合適。] 24．According to the passage，Robinson Crusoe talks about the questions about life EXCEPT ________. A．the importance of living alone B．relationships between individuals and society C．how people help each other D．what is valuable in life 答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段介紹了《魯濱遜漂流記》中蘊(yùn)含的生活中存在的幾個問題：個人與社會之間的關(guān)系，如何相互幫助，生活中什么是有價值的。由此可知A項沒有提到。] 25．The writer intends to ________ by this passage. A．introduce to us Daniel Defoe and his Robinson Crusoe B．persuade us to read Robinson Crusoe C．tell us the contribution of Daniel Defoe to England D．explain how Daniel Defoe began to write Robinson Crusoe 答案　A　[作者意圖題。本文第一段已點(diǎn)明了主題，最后一段又進(jìn)一步呼應(yīng)主題，即丹尼爾笛福和他的《魯濱遜漂流記》。] 寫作素材集錦 單詞 bestseller暢銷書，暢銷品 短語 1．in great detail非常詳細(xì)地 2．in a complex style以復(fù)雜的風(fēng)格 句子 1．Robinson Crusoe is not only an exciting story but also a great novel. 《魯濱孫漂流記》不僅是一個激動人心的故事，也是一部偉大的小說。 2．He is free to live in any way he wants，but he chooses to live as a civilized man. 他可以隨心所欲地生活，但是他卻選擇了文明人的生活方式。 8