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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型技法指導(dǎo)專題七 單詞拼寫 真題試做 A （xx陜西高考） 1．This Tshirt is made of high quality ______（純的）cotton. 2．More and more Chinese people are able to ______（付得起）to travel abroad. 3．The first official results are not expected until ______（星期二）at the earliest. 4．He was wearing a very ______（嚴(yán)肅的）expression and I knew something was wrong. 5．Regular tests help the teacher to learn about the ______（進(jìn)步）of each student. 6．The open exhibition will allow local ______（藝術(shù)家）to show their talents. 7．He ______（承諾）that he would e，but he hasnt turned up yet. 8．The staff soon found the new manager easy to ______（接近）． 9．There is nothing there—you are just ______（想象）things! 10．The little girl walked ______（自信地）onto the stage，ready for her first speech. B （xx全國(guó)高考Ⅱ） 1．Do you speak any ______（外國(guó)）languages? 2．Rebecca was the ______（驕傲）of her family. 3．Will you stop ______（打斷）me when Im talking? 4．David Beckhams ______（國(guó)籍）is British. 5．The ______（現(xiàn)代）history of Italy dates from 1860. 6．Bobs ______（侄子）is a freshman at Harvard University. 7．Alice wanted to borrow Jacks puter，but he ______（拒絕）． 8．Her ______（書架）are filled with books and photos. 9．What are you girls ______（耳語）about? 10．Dont ______（咳嗽）more than you can help. C （xx陜西高考） 1．The smell of ______（新鮮的）bread and frying eggs filled the kitchen. 2．He has devoted his whole life to world ______（和平）． 3．Alexander Graham Bell became famous overnight by ______（發(fā)明）the telephone. 4．Several panies have announced their intention to ______（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)）for the construction project. 5．Both my parents were born in ______（十月），but five years apart. 6．The symptoms of flu may be unpleasant，but they ______（消失）within a few days. 7．Christophe Pires was born and brought up in France，but he speaks English ______（流利地）． 8．Among the many ______（業(yè)余愛好）of his are reading，music and tennis. 9．Sue Wood was only nine when her first short story was ______（出版）． 10．I have an ______（道歉）to make to you—Im afraid I opened your letter by mistake. D （xx陜西高考） 1．The car is running at a ______（速度）of eighty kilometers an hour. 2．The teacher is glad that everyone in her class is ______（渴望的）to learn. 3．Jeff has the ______（習(xí)慣）of listening to music while reading. 4．Mr.White has been ______（缺席的）from work for days，so he knows nothing about our new plan. 5．He tried to ______（解釋），but she wouldnt listen. 6．The local government is ______（討論）how to help the poor in the countryside. 7．When things arent going well，my parents always ______（鼓勵(lì)）me，telling me not to give up. 8．Miss Harper closed her eyes and ______（假裝）to be asleep. 9．We sat chatting for a few ______（分鐘）after finishing our meal. 10．I have been ______（深深地）impressed by a number of experiences in her life. 考向分析 從近年的陜西高考題可以看出，單詞拼寫題呈現(xiàn)以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)。 1．所考單詞都給出漢語提示 陜西近幾年高考試題都是給出漢語提示，其特點(diǎn)與全國(guó)Ⅱ卷相同。并且漢語提示也相當(dāng)具體，從漢語提示可以看出所要寫的詞匯的詞性。如：He was wearing a very ______（嚴(yán)肅的）expression and I knew something was wrong（xx陜西）。因此在平時(shí)的練習(xí)中，考生應(yīng)有針對(duì)性地做類似的訓(xùn)練。 2．以實(shí)詞為主，多為常見詞 從所考單詞的詞性看，歷年陜西高考單詞拼寫詞匯主要為實(shí)詞，即名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞。從考查比例來看，xx年以上四種詞類比例為3∶4∶2∶1,xx年為4∶4∶1∶1；xx年為3∶4∶2∶1。從所選詞的使用頻率來看，全為常用常見詞，未曾出現(xiàn)生僻詞，而且全來自考綱。在所考查的詞匯中有一定數(shù)量的初中階段所學(xué)詞匯（3到4個(gè)），因此，考生應(yīng)重視常用核心詞匯，切勿分散過多時(shí)間背誦怪詞、難詞。 3．提供語境，詞匯考查靈活 單詞拼寫題中盡管給出漢語提示，但所提供的語境對(duì)詞匯提出了更為完善和嚴(yán)格的要求。做題時(shí)，要根據(jù)語境，寫出最切合題意、最符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的單詞。 答題步驟 考生應(yīng)該在牢記《考試說明》所附詞匯表中所列單詞的基礎(chǔ)上，通過訓(xùn)練運(yùn)用“三步法”去完成單詞拼寫題。 1．根據(jù)語境，確定詞義。 做題時(shí)，考生可先根據(jù)漢語提示，把自己所能想到的單詞以原形的形式寫出來。這樣做可以節(jié)約時(shí)間，同時(shí)更重要的是以防閱讀句子中的個(gè)別難點(diǎn)會(huì)影響到發(fā)揮。這是成功的關(guān)鍵一步。 2．根據(jù)單詞在句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，確定詞性。 3．根據(jù)語法，搞清須受制約的有關(guān)規(guī)則，考慮英語慣用法、搭配、常識(shí)或構(gòu)詞法等，確定詞形。 習(xí)慣用語和固定搭配在所有詞匯中占有很大比例，也是歷年高考必考的一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，特別是用于單詞拼寫這一題型中。常見的搭配形式有動(dòng)詞搭配、介詞搭配、形容詞搭配等。 技法指導(dǎo) 1．動(dòng)詞形式選擇 單詞拼寫題由于其要求只能寫一個(gè)單詞，因此動(dòng)詞在考查時(shí)只會(huì)有五種可能性：動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式和過去分詞。若空前出現(xiàn)be則填現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)、過去分詞表被動(dòng)。（以ed，ing結(jié)尾的分詞化形容詞除外，其ed形式多修飾人，ing形式多修飾物）。如：The artist was ______（教育）at a very famous university.（educated，藝術(shù)家是被教育）；若前面出現(xiàn)have/has則構(gòu)成完成時(shí)，若前出現(xiàn)不定式符號(hào)to則填動(dòng)詞原形。若to為介詞則填動(dòng)詞ing形式；若出現(xiàn)感官、祈使動(dòng)詞則要注意其特點(diǎn)，如：make sb.do sth.；若作謂語則要么填過去式，要么填原形，要么填動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)，注意時(shí)態(tài)暗示和主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。最后提醒考生注意非謂語動(dòng)詞的使用。 2．名詞單復(fù)數(shù)選擇 名詞主要考查單復(fù)數(shù)，考生做題時(shí)，可以根據(jù)自己的積累和語境提示判斷名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。如：名詞前出現(xiàn)冠詞a/an則為單數(shù)；若前面有a few，many，a number of，one of等則為復(fù)數(shù)，同時(shí)要注意平時(shí)積累。如：experience意為“經(jīng)歷”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，意為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞，固定搭配make contributions to等。 3．形容詞、副詞選擇 自xx年陜西省自主命題以來，對(duì)于這兩類詞的考查其實(shí)漢語意思已給的非常清楚，“……的”即為形容詞，“……地”就填副詞。同時(shí)注意一些特殊詞匯及重點(diǎn)詞匯：如deep和deeply同為副詞時(shí)的區(qū)別；friendly，likely為形容詞及一些固定搭配?？傊龊妙}的關(guān)鍵在于記牢詞匯。 誤區(qū)警示 1．同義單詞選擇錯(cuò)誤 由于針對(duì)某一漢語意思，考生會(huì)想到幾個(gè)詞，但由于對(duì)詞匯差異掌握不到位，或?qū)σ恍┕潭ù钆洳皇煜ぃx錯(cuò)詞匯。如： He was ______（深深地）hurt by her words. 【錯(cuò)混透析】正確答案為deeply，易錯(cuò)寫成deep，只看到漢語提示而未注意deep與deeply的區(qū)別。兩詞都可作副詞，但deep表具體，deeply表抽象。 2．詞性形式變化錯(cuò)誤 由于缺乏做題技巧，并且對(duì)英語句子成分中所用詞性掌握不到位而出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。如： ______（離開）her kid crying there，she went home alone. 【錯(cuò)混透析】正確答案為L(zhǎng)eaving，易錯(cuò)寫成Left。忽略了英語句法的特殊性。she went home alone為主句。前面______（離開）her kid crying there為非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，leave與she之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 3．特殊詞形變化及單詞大小寫錯(cuò)誤 在英語句子中，每句的首字母及月份、星期及專有名詞的首字母都要求大寫，同時(shí)一些詞形變化特殊的詞匯也要特別注意。如： ______（一月）is the first month of the year. 【錯(cuò)混透析】正確答案為January。易錯(cuò)寫成january。 4．動(dòng)詞形式錯(cuò)誤 有些同學(xué)做題不會(huì)全面分析，只見漢語提示，不通讀整個(gè)句子，導(dǎo)致動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)或形式錯(cuò)用。應(yīng)該注意句中所提供或暗示的時(shí)間狀語。如： We left the road and ______（爬）the hill towards the wood. 【錯(cuò)混透析】正確答案為climbed，易錯(cuò)寫成climb。不注意并列連詞and連接的是并列謂語，導(dǎo)致失分。今后做題應(yīng)注意并列連詞。 （一） 1．Where we ______（到達(dá)），the villagers gave us a warm wele. 2．All countries，big or small，should be ______（平等的）． 3．The hero who died in the big fire was ______（描述）by his colleagues as “unusual”． 4．Im pleased that he gladly ______（接受）our invitation. 5．Dont be frightened by the television camera.Just speak ______（自然地）． 6．What will the ______（天氣）be like tomorrow? 7．Some people work better under ______（壓力）． 8．Some students are ______（不愿意）to attend the classes partly because of the cost. 9．I have had the good ______（運(yùn)氣）to work with the brilliant directors. 10．If we want to attract more customers，try ______（做廣告）in the local paper. （二） 1．A beginners painting cant be ______（比較）to that of an expert. 2．Neither the driver nor the ______（乘客）were hurt. 3．If it is ______（方便的），please write back to me quickly. 4．______（面對(duì)）with difficulty，he never loses heart. 5．When in an emergency，you should keep ______（冷靜）． 6．Press this ______（按鈕），and the door will open of itself. 7．Do you know who will be in ______（負(fù)責(zé)）of our pany? 8．Last Friday they ______（野餐）in the forest with their teacher. 9．He is ______（身體上地）weak，but mentally strong. 10．The police asked ______（過路人）if they had seen the accident. （三） 1．As is known，the ant has two ______（胃）． 2．Can you tell me some famous ______（詩人）? 3．Mother didnt know who to ______（責(zé)備）for the broken vase. 4．English is ______（廣泛地）used in the world. 5．That elephant ______（重）6.5 tons. 6．There were about 200 people ______（出席）the meeting. 7．His dream is to be a ______（音樂家）in the future. 8．He is a man with many good ______（品質(zhì)）． 9．We are ______（驕傲）of our great country. 10．______（判斷）from what he said，he must be a doctor. （四） 1．He lay on the grassland and felt the ______（溫暖）of the sun. 2．______（二月）es after January. 3．They are busy ______（準(zhǔn)備）for the ing examination. 4．I could hardly ______（認(rèn)出）him yesterday，because he had changed so much. 5．Being asked to recite the text，the boy felt a little ______（緊張的）． 6．I want to borrow several ______（雜志）from the library. 7．I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more ______（舒服地）． 8．The guard shouted at the naughty boy with his finger ______（指）at him. 9．She likes him，because he is ______（體貼的）towards others. 10．A vast amount of the Amazonian rainforest is being ______（破壞）every day. （五） 1．They are used to being ______（分成）into groups in their English class. 2．KFC has many ______（分店）in China. 3．The bird ______（逃脫）being killed and flew away. 4．The patient kept ______（咳嗽）all day and night. 5．The man sat in front of Jenny，talking ______（興奮地）for hours. 6．More and more foreigners show much ______（興趣）in Chinese culture. 7．He is thinking of taking part in ______（政治）． 8．They tried in vain to ______（說服）her to go. 9．Answers are given on the ______（對(duì)面的）page. 10．Im not very ______（熟悉）with botanical names. 參考答案 專題七　單詞拼寫 命題調(diào)研明晰考向 真題試做 A 1．pure　2．a(chǎn)fford　3．Tuesday　4．serious　5．progress　6．a(chǎn)rtists 7．promised　8．a(chǎn)pproach　9．imagining　10．confidently B 1．foreign　2．pride　3．interrupting　4．nationality　5．modern 6．nephew　7．refused　8．bookshelves/bookcases　9．whispering 10．cough C 1．fresh　2．peace　3．inventing　4．pete　5．October　6．disappear　7．fluently　8．hobbies　9．published　10．a(chǎn)pology D 1．speed/rate　2．eager　3．habit　4．a(chǎn)bsent/away　5．explain 6．discussing　7．encourage　8.pretended　9．minutes　10．deeply 創(chuàng)新模擬預(yù)測(cè)演練 （一） 1．a(chǎn)rrived　2．equal?。甦escribed　4．a(chǎn)ccepted　5．naturally 6．weather　7．pressure　8．unwilling　9．chance　10．a(chǎn)dvertising （二） 1．pared　2．passengers　3．convenient　4．Faced　5．calm 6．button　7．charge　8．picnicked　9．physically　10．passersby （三） 1．stomachs　2．poets　3．blame　4．widely　5．weighs　6．a(chǎn)ttending　7．musician　8．qualities　9．proud　10．Judging （四） 1．warmth　2．February　3．preparing　4．recognize　5．nervous　6．magazines　7．fortably　8．pointing　9．considerate　10．destroyed （五） 1．divided　2．branches　3．escaped　4．coughing　5．excitedly 6．interest　7．politics　8．persuade　9．opposite　10．familiar