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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復習 專題升級訓練卷十三 閱讀理解(一) More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children, a new survey showed last Tuesday. The survey, published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $ 3 million or more in assets. It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have welldeveloped plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”． The majority of the 457 people surveyed are selfmade, firstgeneration rich.Fiftytwo percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are, and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth.One in three parents said they had never thought to do it. They are worried that their children would bee lazy, spend money freely, make bad decisions and even bee a target for gold diggers. Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance (遺產(chǎn)) they plan to leave them. “There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，” said Sallie Krawcheck, president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America.“Our research, however, uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.” The trend is led by the worlds richest man Bill Gates, who promised in xx that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (基金會), and not to his children. “We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，” he said. Of his plans for his children, Gates said: “I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage... they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.” 1．We can learn from the passage that ______. A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance B．rich parents dont equal rich kids, at least in the US C．American children dont get to inherit their parents wealth D．poor children dont expect themselves to be as rich as their parents 2．According to the survey，most rich Americans ______. A．think they owe their children nothing B．think it best to give their money back to society C．doubt their childrens ability to handle wealth D．a(chǎn)re confident of their childrens ability to handle wealth 3．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to ______. A．responsible children B．Bill Gates and his wife C．firstgeneration rich D．rich parents 4．From the last Paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show ______. A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children B．the positive impact of charity on society C．the way of giving back to society D．the importance of independence for children B In the past year, the number of parenting contracts—statements signed by parents agreeing to bring their child to school—has gone up by 41% to 6,861. The number of courtissued punishment notices went up by 12% to 7,793 last year. The Department for Children, Schools and Families said that part of the rise was due to a ban on parents taking their child out of school during term time to go on holiday. The Labour government has a target to cut truancy (逃學) by a third, but the current rate of unauthorised absence in England is a third higher than in 2001. The government has introduced tough new permission to force parents to deal with their childs truancy.Parents can be fined, asked to sign contracts, or ordered to make their child go to school. Finally they can be sent to prison. The first parent to be put in prison was Patricia Amos, from Banbury, Oxfordshire, in xx. Separate figures from the Ministry of Justice today show that 133 parents were put in prison between 2004 and xx for failing to prevent their childs truancy. Childrens Minister Delyth Morgan said: “Its important that we back schools and local authorities in using these powers to deal with problem pupils and bad behaviour.They rightly make parents take responsibility for their children.These latest figures show that schools and local authorities continue to make good use of these measures.” David Laws, the Liberal Democrat education spokesman，said: “While parents need to take responsibility for their childrens behaviour and have the duty to ensure they attend school, truancy rates across the country remain sky high.What is needed is a more effective local approach involving parents，schools and the police. Extra money to cut class sizes and provide more onetoone support will enable teachers to work with individual children and make sure that they are occupied in the classroom.” 5．Parenting contracts are signed to ______. A．remind parents to help their child with his homework B．make parents acpany their child to school C．keep children safe on the way to school D．ensure children attend school 6．The worst punishment parents can be faced with is ______. A．to be fined B．to be put into prison C．to sign a contract D．to lose the right to raise children 7．The underlined word “back” in Paragraph 4 probably means “______”． A．a(chǎn)djust　　　　　　　　B．limit C．oppose D．support 8．We know from the passage that ______. A．the governments approach has had little effect on childrens truancy B．the government should take tougher measures against parents C．the number of parents sent to prison has reduced D．schools and local authorities misuse the measures C When Allison Winn was eight and her family adopted a dog named Coco, they had no idea how much the little creature would change her life. “Coco helped me feel better, ”says Allison, who was recovering from 14 months of treatment for a brain cancer at the time.“She would cuddle up (偎依) to me when I didnt want to play.” Allison loved Coco so much that she told her parents she wanted to help other sick kids find the same kind of fort. She started with small business, raising money by selling lemonade and homemade dog biscuits in front of her house.Her first customer was a mailman.By the end of that summer, she had raised nearly $ 1,000, enough to adopt and train two dogs and give them to children with cancer.Now, a little more than two years later, some groups gather to make dog treats for Allisons cause. Her organization, the Stink Bug Project, named after a picture she drew in memory of the end of her treatment, is run and managed in partnership with the Morgan Adams Foundation.Stink Bug helps families adopt pets from the Trained K9 panion Program, where the rescued dogs are taught mands.Allisons mother, Dianna Litvak, who helps run Stink Bug, hopes to extend the petadoption program statewide and continue donating some of the money to help fund childrens cancer research. “Allison has figured out how to help—in a way that no one else has，” Litvak says.“We involve her younger sister, Emily, her friends, the adopting families, and some others.It took the love of a little girl to wrap all that together into one amazing package.” Go to stinkbugproject.org to donate or to buy Allisons dog biscuits. 9．At the beginning, Allisons family ______. A．wanted other sick children to get the same fort B．didnt know the sufferings of fighting a cancer C．thought a dogs pany would harm her health D．didnt expect a dog could change her so much 10．The name of Allisons organization, the Stink Bug Project，is from ______. A．one of her drawings B．her dog C．her homemade biscuits D．her friend 11．According to Paragraph 4, Allisons mother feels ______. A．calm B．worried C．embarrassed D．proud 12．Whats the passage mainly about? A．Helping to make dog treats. B．Adopting a dog for your child. C．Giving dogs and love to kids with cancer. D．Raising money to train pets. D A yoga master made a shocking statement that Abraham Lincoln had been a Himalayan yogi in a past life.Lincoln delivered a proclamation setting up Thanksgiving as an American holiday in 1863.Research throws light on a possible Hindu (印度的) origin for the American celebration of Thanksgiving. “The holiday of Thanksgiving has a Hindu origin，” says Richard Salva, author of a book on the reincarnation (轉世)of Abraham Lincoln entitled Soul Journey: From Lincoln to Lindbergh which is based on a statement by the great master of yoga, Paramhamsa Yogananda，who declared that Abraham Lincoln had been a Himalayan yogi in a past life, and that he was reborn as the famous pilot, Charles Lindbergh. “During my search for signs of a pastlife yoga practice，” Salva said, “I noticed that President Lincoln repeatedly chose Thursdays] as national days of prayer, fasting (禁食), and thanksgiving.This was interesting, because Thursday is considered a holy day— a day for prayer, fasting, and spiritual reflection—among Hindus, who call it ‘guru day]’．” “Lincoln also set aside time on Thursdays to grieve for his son, Willie, who died in Washington.Clearly, Thursdays had a spiritual significance in Lincolns mind.” In his book, Richard Salva presents more than 500 connections between Lincoln, Lindbergh, and the ancient spiritual science of yoga.The connections run through every aspect of the human condition and provide convincing evidence that Lincoln had had a Hindu past life. More than one out of every five Americans today believes in reincarnation—yet few are aware of how pastlife patterns affect them.Soul Journey tries to fill this gap, by offering a substitute experience of reincarnation.Through clear and persuasive similarities between the lives of Lincoln and Lindbergh, the book discovers how the hidden laws of fate and reincarnation impact the events of his or her daily life.It addresses other issues, such as the secret spiritual history of Americas greatest president, including his past life as a Himalayan yogi; the hidden clues that reveal past lives; the greatness he achieved; and the spiritual principles behind the yoga postures that millions now practice. 13．Based on Richard Salvas view，______. A．Hindus started the holiday of Thanksgiving B．the Americans copied Thanksgiving from Hindus C．Thanksgiving had Hindus roots D．Charles Lindbergh had been a Himalayan yogi 14．We can draw a conclusion from the passage that ______. A．in India Thursday is a religious day B．in India all the prayers are done on Thursday C．Abraham Lincoln was once a famous pilot D．Paramhamsa Yogananda once taught Lincoln yoga 15．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______. A．the book discovers the laws of fate and reincarnation B．yoga is closely connected with religion C．the book gives a scientific description of Lincolns spiritual life D．Lincoln and Lindbergh must have influenced each other a lot 16．When it came to the parison between Lincoln and Lindbergh, the author held a ______ attitude. A．neutral B．doubtful C．negative D．positive E In offering Michael Jackson ticket holders the choice to take a refund or receive their unusable tickets as souvenirs, AEG have introduced music fans to one of the most unmanageable problems in the mathematical sciences. If nearly everybody takes the refund then the tickets, designed by the King of Pop himself, will bee collectors items and worth a fortune. However, if all 750,000 fans take their tickets then they will all hold worthless bits of fancy paper. The choice facing fans is similar to the El Farol bar problem, which has been the subject of hundreds of academic papers and inspired a whole field: minority game theory. That is, if you reason that every Michael Jackson fan will take a refund then you should take the ticket, but they will reason in the same way and there will be a flood of souvenirs, so you should ask for your money back, but then... So, with the benefit of the hundreds of academic papers from scientists around the world, what should a Times reader who holds a ticket do? The research tells us that, if you assume everybody else will use the same strategy as you, then the best you can do is to throw a dice (骰子): deciding whether or not to keep the ticket according to a probability determined by demand for tickets and price. However, working out the probability is tough and most fans, without the benefit of minority game theory, wont be tossing a dice. There is one huge factor in the Michael Jackson problem which isnt in the standard El Fatol bar problem. Hype (炒作). If the owners of the El Farol bar distributed fliers (傳單) announcing it was going to be quiet next week, then it would be a safe bet to stay at home with a glass of wine. So my advice would be to read the newspapers and decide what to do on the basis of the experts advice. If all the articles you read say the tickets will be collectors items then ask for a refund, and if they all accuse AEG of cheating crazy fans then take the ticket. It was, after all, designed by Michael Jackson. 17．In the Para. 1, the underlined part “the King of Pop” refers to ______. A．El Farol B．Michael Jackson C．A ticket holder D．A souvenir keeper 18．The burning problem Michael Jackson ticket holders have to deal with is ______. A．what advice to take B．how to get their money back C．how to deal with the tickets D．how to make a fortune 19．It isnt said but implied that “minority game theory” is a theory about ______. A．peoples reasoning B．Jacksons strategy C．experts advice D．minoritys bet 20．What the writer advises the ticket holders to do is ______. A．to throw a dice B．to follow the experts C．to read the newspaper D．to take the ticket 參考答案 專題升級訓練十三　閱讀理解(一) A 【解題導語】 調(diào)查表明，大部分美國富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算將豐厚的資產(chǎn)傳給后代。 1．B　推理判斷題。第二段的后半部分提到在被調(diào)查的美國富人中，幾乎沒有人計劃為他們的孩子保留資產(chǎn)或者將資產(chǎn)傳給孩子，由此可推斷在美國，父母富有并不意味著孩子富有。 2．C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知，大部分美國富人懷疑他們的孩子處理財富的能力。 3．D　詞義猜測題。人們期望富裕的父母把他們的財富傳給下一代，此處they指代的是畫線詞前面的“the wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。 4．D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段中比爾蓋茨所說的話可推知，他更強調(diào)孩子的個人奮斗，認為培養(yǎng)孩子的自立很重要。 B 【解題導語】為了阻止孩子逃學，英國政府采取了一些強硬措施，讓父母為孩子的逃學承擔責任。但英國孩子的逃學率依然居高不下，因此還需要采取更有效的措施。 5．D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句中的“...parenting contracts—statements signed by parents agreeing to bring their child to school...”可知，簽訂家長合同是為了確保孩子們上學。 6．B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Parents can be fined，asked...they can be sent to prison.”可知，父母面臨的最嚴厲的懲罰是被監(jiān)禁。 7．D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的“They rightly make parents take responsibility for their children.”可知，德利斯摩根對此項措施持支持態(tài)度，back在此處意為”支持”，與“support”同義。 8．A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句以及文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，盡管政府采取了一些措施，但全國的逃學率依然很高，因此選A項。 C 【解題導語】對患有腦癌的艾莉森來說，狗的陪伴給了她極大的安慰。通過努力，艾莉森創(chuàng)立了一個組織，幫助一些家庭收養(yǎng)寵物，以使其他患病的孩子得到同樣的安慰。 9．D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“...they had no idea how much the little creature would change her life.”可知，一開始，艾莉森的家人并沒有期待狗會使艾莉森改變多少，故選D項。 10．A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“Her organization，the Stink Bug Project，named after a picture she drew...”可知，應選A項。 11．D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知艾莉森的母親為女兒的愛心而感到自豪。 12．C　主旨大意題。本文主要講述了艾莉森的故事，在文章結尾號召人們捐贈或購買艾莉森的自制狗餅干，即把狗和愛心獻給患有癌癥的孩子們，因此C項最能概括文章大意。 D 【解題導語】你相信轉世說嗎？本文就對此進行了一下探討。 13．C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中理查德薩爾瓦所說的話“The holiday of Thanksgiving has a Hindu origin...”可以得出答案。 14．A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“This was interesting，because Thursday is considered a holy day—a day for prayer，fasting，and spiritual reflection—among Hindus，who call it‘guru day’．”可推出答案。 15．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...and the spiritual principles behind the yoga postures that millions now practice.”可推知，瑜伽充滿了宗教色彩。 16．D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Through clear and persuasive... the events of his or her daily life.”可推出作者的態(tài)度是積極的。 E 【解題導語】邁克爾杰克遜的突然辭世給世界各地的歌迷們留下無盡的悲傷，而他未來得及舉辦的演唱會已售出的門票也成了歌迷們要面對的一個“難題”。 17．B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)畫線部分所在句子以及最后一段最后一句可知答案。 18．C　推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，邁克爾杰克遜演唱會門票的持有人面臨的問題是：如何處理門票，即退票或將票留作紀念。 19．A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可以推斷，minority game theory是關于人們的推理的理論。 20．C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“So my advice would be to read the newspapers and decide what to do on the basis of the experts advice.”可知C項正確。