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完形填空命題特點和解題步驟 了解完形題的一些特點。完形填空題是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯知識綜合運用能力的典型題型。它結(jié)合了單項選擇題和短文題填空的優(yōu)點，既考查詞語搭配、近義詞辨異、動詞時態(tài)、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)和習(xí)慣用法等，又考查了邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。 重點：應(yīng)用英語的能力和語感。具體說來，是從語篇角度綜合測試考生的閱讀理解能力、對詞匯的掌握和對英語習(xí)慣用語的熟悉程度、以及語法規(guī)則的靈活運用。 難點：對語用的判斷以及理清文章內(nèi)在邏輯。 1. 考查學(xué)生的詞語辨析能力、語法結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力、語篇理解能力、邏輯推理能力、文化背景透析能力、作者意圖剖析能力和生活常識綜合運用能力。 2. 體裁以記敘文和說明文為主，分值在10～15之間。 完形填空命題特點 選擇型完形填空是一種綜合性比較強的題型，它集閱讀理解能力與語言應(yīng)用能力考查為一體。其中包括對語法、句型、習(xí)慣用語的運用，對詞匯、句子以及文章的理解和邏輯推理，對作者意圖的把握等各種能力的考查。完形填空選取的文章題材廣泛，故事性、趣味性強，結(jié)構(gòu)完整、內(nèi)容貼近生活實際，符合初中生閱讀心理和認知規(guī)律。以xx年北京中考為例，該文章是一篇記敘文，主要講了主人公在6月的一天在超市偶遇了一位年輕人，他為了幫助流浪狗，扮演圣誕老人買牛奶和面包的故事。 其主要的特點概括為： 一、重語境 完形填空著眼于整體理解，必須在對短文大意進行了解的基礎(chǔ)上才能較準確地推知答案。因此，需要注意上下句的邏輯關(guān)系以及整篇文章的情節(jié)，尤其是在需要填連接性詞語時更需要上下文提供的線索，把自己置身于情景當(dāng)中進行填空，這樣才能比較順利且有把握地捕捉到正確信息。 I love you, Mum and Dad! Tears go out of my eyes when I talk to my parents on the phone. What are they doing when I call them? This is what I want to know most. I have supper at 5 o’clock in the dining hall. There is no need for me to 1 by myself, no need to wash the dishes. However, now it is the busiest time for my parents. Dad works from seven oclock in the morning to nine oclock in the evening. Therefore, all the housework is 2 to my mum. 3 her own job, she also has to work at the vineyard(葡萄園). 1. A. cook B. feed C. eat D. live 2. A. done B. taken C. left D. turned 3. A. With B. Besides C. As D. From 思路分析：縱觀這段話可知這是一個學(xué)生描寫關(guān)于父母的文章，因此我們可以置身于情境之中，這樣選擇起來就容易得多。 1. A 考查動詞辨析。由整段話可知這是一個學(xué)生寫的，因此我們可推知此處應(yīng)為“不用自己做飯”。 2. C 考查動詞辨析。housework“家務(wù)”，根據(jù)常識可推斷“家務(wù)都留給了媽媽”，故選C。 3. B 除了她自己的家務(wù)活，還需要在葡萄園勞作。 二、重實詞 完形填空的命題是在一句話中的關(guān)鍵詞語上做文章。這種詞語大多是名詞、動詞（或動詞短語）、形容詞、副詞等實詞，偶爾會出現(xiàn)能左右文章內(nèi)容的一些虛詞，如介詞、連詞等。以xx年南京中考為例，10道題的完形填空題，8道題涉及到實詞的考查，僅2道題考查了虛詞；其中答案幾乎全部是由語境來確定的。 There was once a little monkey in the forest. He liked to 1 everyone. He jumped from tree to tree, called all the other 2 bad names and threw bananas or stones at them. One day he saw a baby elephant near the river. “Hey, baby elephant, you are so 3 , and you’ll never catch me.” said the monkey. 1. A. look at B. laugh at C. smile at D. point at 2. A. animals B. monkeys C. babies D. elephants 3. A. quick B. smart C. slow D. ugly 思路分析： 1. B 考查動詞短語的辨析。由下文的“一天他在河邊看見一只小象”及下文的“you’ll never catch me.”，可知，他喜歡嘲笑別人，故選B。 2. A 考查名詞的辨析。由語境可知，這只幼猴喜歡嘲笑其他動物，并且喊其他動物的綽號，向其他動物扔石頭，故選A。 3. C 考查形容詞辨析。由上文可知，猴子在嘲笑大象，選項中只有C項（緩慢的）符合大象的特點，故選C。 三、重對文章的整體把握能力 對文章的整體把握就是指根據(jù)文章的主旨，通過上下文暗示，對整篇文章、整個段落或整個意群的整體文意的把握，并且對文章內(nèi)容進行邏輯分析、推理判斷的能力。要求考生能理解上下文的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)和連貫意義。 示例1： （開頭）Reading books is never out of date. It’s a good hobby for all kinds of reasons. .… （結(jié)尾）Reading is ________ interesting and important. It’s a wonderful hobby, one of the best. A. ever B. never C. always D. hardly 答案：C 思路分析：收尾呼應(yīng)，第一段提到了讀書永不過時，它是一個很好的業(yè)余愛好，故最后一段再次強調(diào)讀書的意義，即它總是有趣和重要的，故選C。 示例2： The latest attraction is a big tunnel(隧道) you can through. All around you, you will see fish swimming –sometimes even over your head. A. metal B. wood C. glass D. stone 答案：C 思路分析：由后文“你可以看到魚游泳，有時候甚至是在你頭上”我們可以推斷出答案應(yīng)該是C。 完形填空解題步驟 1. 通讀全文，了解大意 做這類題目時，首先應(yīng)該把文章通讀一遍，了解一下文章的大概內(nèi)容。千萬不要讀一句填一句，因為“完形填空”題里所給的大多數(shù)選項填入單句后都可成立，但從全文看又不可取。 2. 瞻前顧后，逐步填空 了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。 一般來說，文章后面所給的選擇答案可分三類：一類是語法正確，而意思不對；另一類是意思正確，而語法錯誤；第三類是語法正確，意思也正確。在選擇答案時，一定要考慮到上下文的意思，還要考慮到句子的結(jié)構(gòu)、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配和詞類的功能，盡量使選出的答案及符合語法又符合原文的意思。 3. 認真復(fù)查，適當(dāng)調(diào)整 填空全部做完以后，應(yīng)把短文從頭到尾再讀一遍，檢查一下填空以后的文章是否連貫，情節(jié)是否合理，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確。一般來說，如果意思連貫，情節(jié)合理，語法結(jié)構(gòu)正確，就意味著選答沒有問題；如果發(fā)現(xiàn)個別填空使文章文理不通，或語法結(jié)構(gòu)有問題，就說明選項不正確。對這樣的填空應(yīng)該認真推敲，進行調(diào)整。 I’d been watching a TV program on malaria (瘧疾), and I couldn’t get it out of my mind. What shocked me was that 3,000 children per day are 1 from the disease, which can be prevented and cured. While malaria has been disappeared in many parts of the world. But in Africa, the disease continues to 2 because of poor health care. The next morning, at breakfast, I shared 3 I’d learned with my husband and my kids, Katherine, then 5 years old, and Joseph, 2. I explained that a little mosquito bite (蚊蟲叮咬) is a 4 problem in Africa and that sleeping under a special net helps stop the mosquito. Katherine 5 understood and wanted to help. After months of 6 online, Katherine and I decided to start fundraising (募捐) at our local church. We explained that every 30 seconds a child dies from this illness. Katherine added that malaria can be prevented 7 sleeping under a bed net, which costs $10. That fall, Katherine and I spoke in front of groups at our local churches and three local newspapers. By May xx, we 8 over $25,000 to buy bed nets, which have saved thousands of lives in Africa. I could not have asked for a better 9 than my daughter. As parents, we need to lead by 10 . We can only hope our children will follow in our footsteps, and if they do, the power of one little child can bring about amazing change. 1. A. leaving B. dying C. ing D. disappearing 2. A. spread B. arrive C. disappear D. stop 3. A. where B. why C. what D. how 4. A. small B. terrible C. mon D. unusual 5. A. easy B. easily C. quick D. quickly 6. A. chat B. research C. work D. visit 7. A. by B. in C. for D. with 8. A. borrowed B. raised C. had D. accepted 9. A. friend B. workmate C. partner D. child 10. A. way B. introduction C. example D. direction 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了作者通過電視節(jié)目得知瘧疾仍在非洲傳播，她和女兒凱瑟琳決定為他們募捐以買防止蚊蟲叮咬的特殊蚊帳。通過這件事作者認識到榜樣的力量是無窮的，父母應(yīng)該為孩子樹立良好的榜樣。 1. B 思路分析：leaving離開; dying 死亡；ing來到；disappearing 消失。由前面的“what shocked me”及后面的募捐活動，可以得知，在非洲每天有3,000名兒童死于這樣的疾病，故選B。 2. A 思路分析：spread 傳播；arrive 到達；disappear 消失；stop 停止。上文提到，每天有3,000名兒童死于瘧疾，“故這種疾病仍然在非洲傳播”，選A。 3. C 思路分析：where 哪里；why 為什么；what 什么；how 怎樣。上文提到作者通過電視節(jié)目了解了瘧疾在非洲的傳播，故“在早飯期間，我把所了解的與丈夫和孩子們分享”，故用引導(dǎo)詞what。 4. B 思路分析：small 小的；terrible 糟糕的，可怕的；mon 普通的；unusual 不尋常的。上文提到瘧疾仍在非洲傳播，并且每天有3,000名兒童死于這種疾病。由生活常識可知，這種疾病通過蚊蟲叮咬傳播，故“在非洲，蚊蟲叮咬是一個可怕的問題”，故選B。 5. D 思路分析：easy 容易的，形容詞；easily 容易地，副詞；quick 快速的，形容詞；quickly 快速地，副詞。上文提到早飯期間，作者把瘧疾在非洲傳播的事告訴了丈夫和孩子，故女兒“Katherine很快地理解了，并想提供幫助”。副詞quickly修飾動詞understood，故選D。 6. B 思路分析：chat 聊天；research 研究；work 工作；visit 參觀，訪問。上文提到，作者和女兒決定幫助那些生活在非洲的兒童。由空格后的online“在線地”，可以推斷出，她們通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)研究了那里的兒童和疾病，故選B。 7. A 思路分析：by 通過，由；in 在……里面；for 為了；with 帶有，與……一起。由下文的“sleeping under a bed net”睡在蚊帳下，可知這是預(yù)防瘧疾的一種方式，故選A。 8. B 思路分析：borrowed 借；raised 籌集；had 擁有；accepted 接受。由上文的“Katherine and I decided to start fundraising”和下文的“over $25,000 to buy bed nets”可以推斷出，她們已經(jīng)籌集了25,000美元，故選B。 9. C 思路分析：friend 朋友；workmate 工友；partner 搭檔；child 孩子。通過上文我們得知，作者和女兒Katherine一起在當(dāng)?shù)氐慕烫媒M織募捐。由此可知，女兒是作者的一個好搭檔，故“我再也找不到比我的女兒更好的合作伙伴了”，選C。 10. C 思路分析：way 方法； introduction 介紹；example 例子，榜樣；direction 方向，指示。由下文的“We can only hope our children will follow in our footsteps”，我們唯一希望的是孩子們能跟上我們的步伐，可知，我們需要做出榜樣引領(lǐng)他們，故選C。 完形填空考查類型和解題技巧 1. 了解和掌握解答完形填空題的考查類型，從而提高正確率。 2. 了解和掌握解答完形填空題的一些方法和技巧，從而提高做題效率。 重點：提高對英語語言知識的識記、理解和運用能力，能根據(jù)題干所給的語境進行分析、對比,靈活地運用英語基礎(chǔ)知識。 難點：如何把所學(xué)詞匯、短語、句式及語法靈活地運用到完形填空中去。 完形填空考查類型 完形填空是介于單項填空和閱讀理解之間的一種題型?？梢哉f它是根據(jù)一篇文章所提供的情景進行的選擇填空，也可以說它是在缺少個別單詞情況下的閱讀理解。完形填空既有對語法規(guī)則、習(xí)慣用法和詞語搭配的考查，又有對文章內(nèi)容的通篇理解。完形填空主要考查以下三個方面的內(nèi)容： 一、詞匯 此類題目考查的內(nèi)容是：近義詞的區(qū)別，詞語的固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法。近幾年中考題中的完形填空題考查的詞匯類別涉及到名詞、代詞、動詞、介詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞等。 二、語法 此類題目考查的是：各種語法規(guī)則在文章中的運用。其中包括名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞的比較等級，動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)，介詞、數(shù)詞、代詞和連詞的用法，主謂一致，各種從句的用法等。 三、結(jié)構(gòu) 此類題目經(jīng)常考查的是：文章中間句子與句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，上文與下文之間的照應(yīng)關(guān)系。 1. 句子層次 要根據(jù)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系（順承，因果，遞進，轉(zhuǎn)折，條件，讓步等）決定選項中的最佳選擇。 ① One night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg, a distance of eighty miles. I was late soＩdrove very . A. fast B. well C. carefully D. quietly 答案：A 思路分析：由關(guān)鍵詞so可知，前后為因果關(guān)系，因為晚了，所以開車要快。 ② This was a little school, but it was a job. A. big B. lucky C. main D. proud 答案：A 思路分析：由關(guān)鍵詞but可知前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前面是little，后面要填big。 ③ My world fell apart (崩潰) as the darkness fell, destroying the dreams my husband and I had for us and for our three little boys. But when I tried to find some __ and strength, my eyes were opened to a new realization. A. job B. hope C. chance D. value 答案：B 思路分析：and連接的前后兩個詞應(yīng)為同一類型，后面是力量，可推斷B項最符合題意。 2. 上下文的聯(lián)系 (廣州中考) One morning a fox was searching for his breakfast. He went down to the lake to catch some fish. Suddenly he saw a rabbit digging a hole on the bank of the lake and decided to eat it inside. .… The next day, the fox returned to the ______. A. breakfast B. house C. lake D. mountain 答案：C 思路分析：該題旨在考查前后段間的聯(lián)系。由上文的He went down to the lake to catch some fish. 可知，第二天狐貍又來到湖邊抓魚，故選C。 完形填空解題技巧 技巧一：根據(jù)上下文、語境找到正確答案 ① Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）. Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of are there in the pool?” …. as big as the pool, there is one basket of water… A. fish B. flowers C. water D. apples 答案：C ② In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his _ _. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day, the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual. A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. sax 答案：C 技巧二：進行邏輯推理 My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said.“My ，Mommy．” She said，“No．Many people are deaf（聾的） A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head 答案：A 思路分析：根據(jù)前面提到的sound以及后面提到的deaf(聾的)可推斷答案應(yīng)為A。 技巧三：牢記固定搭配 ① When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention what he or she is speaking… A. for B. of C. with D. to 答案：D ② In the morning, the king went to visit the pond. To his surprise, the pond was only filled with water! What happened? Yes! Everyone had the same idea that man. A. with B. to C. as D. of 答案：C 技巧四：進行語法分析 As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of people and I should be friendly to them. I think I’ll also make many good and live with them, because I don’t like living alone. A. friend B. friends C. friend’s D. friends’ 答案：B 思路分析：由many可知后面為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 技巧五：扎實基礎(chǔ)、搞清辨異 (重慶中考) I want to change my life with my friend, Wang Xiaohui. She is studying in England now. She has 1 to many countries, such as the US and France. They are the places I wish to visit. What’s more, she 2 much better English than me. 1. A. gone B. e C. been D. moved 2. A. says B. speaks C. talks D. tells 思路分析： 1. C 考查動詞短語的辨析。has been to與has gone to 是中考中常見的動詞短語辨析，前者意為“曾經(jīng)去過(暗含現(xiàn)在不在該地)”，后者意為“已經(jīng)去某地了(暗含已經(jīng)在某地或去某地的路上)”。由上文的She is studying in England now, 可知，她曾經(jīng)去過許多國家，故選C。 2. B 考查動詞的辨析。四個動詞都有“說、講”的意思，say 著重說話的內(nèi)容，是及物動詞；speak 意為“說、講”后常接某種語言；talk著重談話或交談；tell 著重把事情傳達給別人。由后面的English可知，該空的動詞為speak，故選B。 技巧六：了解生活常識、確定相關(guān)知識 Mr Brown began to walk at eight in the morning. Now the sun was about to set. He was tired and hungry. He was walking slowly towards the ________ and his shadow lay long behind him. He had to look for a place for the night. A. east B. west C. south D. north 答案：B 思路分析：此題所給的四個選項均是表示方向的名詞，很難判斷哪個是正確答案。根據(jù)上文的“太陽就要落山了”，判斷此時應(yīng)該是下午，太陽是在西方。再根據(jù)下文的“他的影子長長地拖在后面”，就可以推斷出布朗先生正朝著西方慢慢地走，故選B。此題是典型的根據(jù)生活常識判斷出正確答案。 練習(xí)一 We were getting ready for the game over the weekend when I had an interesting conversation with one of the team mates I really didn’t know quite 1 . “So what do you do?” he asked. “Well, we work for 2 , we run a puter pany”, I replied. “Oh, really? That’s great! I work for a pany, 3 you know I always want to get into cartoon design and work for myself. It is my 4 . But I never work for it.” “You aren’t dead yet, are you?” I thought trying hard not say that 5 . He continued “You know, I’ve wanted to do this for 10 years, but once you have a 6 , it’s very hard to do anything else.” I couldn’t 7 any more, so I said “That’s great, if you really want to do that, maybe you should take up some cartoon classes. That would be a good start.” “It’s very 8 , with family. I would love to, but I can’t.” he said. I didn’t know him very well at the first place, so I chose to just 9 and leave it at that. But it made me think. Why do people 10 to do something to follow their dreams? If not, why do we feel sorry for them later? It is our duty to try to make our dreams e true. 1. A. well B. good C. bad D. badly 2. A. us B. ours C. ourselves D. our 3. A. and B. but C. or D. so 4. A. work B. family C. lesson D. dream 5. A. slowly B. alone C. aloud D. low 6. A. family B. friend C. wife D. child 7. A. see B. know C. understand D. stand 8. A. easy B. busy C. difficult D. free 9. A. shout B. smile C. cry D. fight 10. A. agree B. want C. refuse D. continue 【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文，講述了作者因與一位新結(jié)識的同伴之間的談話而引起的思考。作者新結(jié)識的同伴一直在找各種理由來解釋自己沒有堅持夢想，而作者一直在提出各種建議，希望他堅持夢想，最終沒有說服他。作者認為我們應(yīng)該為夢想而努力，而不是懊悔，實現(xiàn)夢想是我們的責(zé)任。 1. A 思路分析：well 副詞，好地；good 形容詞，好的；bad 形容詞，壞的；badly 副詞，壞地。由最后一段的I didn’t know him very well at the first place可知，我開始就對他不熟悉，know well意為“熟悉”，故選A。 2. C 思路分析：us人稱代詞賓格，我們；ours 名詞性物主代詞，我們的；ourselves 反身代詞，我們自己；our 形容詞性物主代詞，我們。句意為：我們?yōu)開_______工作，我們開了一家電腦公司，由句意可知此處用反身代詞，故選C。 3. B 思路分析：and 并且，表示并列關(guān)系；but 但是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；or 或者，表示選擇關(guān)系；so 因此，表示因果關(guān)系。前一句意思是：我為一家公司工作，后一句的意思是：我總想進入漫畫設(shè)計界，為自己工作。前句是為公司工作，而后句是為我自己工作，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系故選B。 4. D 思路分析：work 工作；family 家庭；lesson 功課；dream 夢想。前文提到，那個人一直想進入漫畫設(shè)計界，為自己工作，故這是他的夢想，選D。 5. C 思路分析：slowly 慢慢地；alone 獨自地；aloud 大聲地；low 低的。前一句意為：你還沒有死吧，由語境I didn’t know him very well可以推測“我掙扎著沒有把這句話說出”，故選C。 6. A 思路分析：family 家庭；friend 朋友；wife 妻子；child 孩子。由下文的It’s very 8 , with family.可知，此處句意為：但是一旦有了家庭，做其他任何事都會很難，可知此處選A。 7. D 思路分析：see 看見；know 知道；understand 理解；stand 站立；忍受。由于那個人一直在找各種理由，故作者不能再忍受了，選D。 8. C 思路分析：easy 容易的；busy 繁忙的；difficult 困難的；free 空閑的，自由的。由上文的but once you have a 6 , it’s very hard to do anything else.可知，有了家庭之后，上漫畫培訓(xùn)班是很難的，故選C。注意第6題和第8題可以互相印證答案。 9. B 思路分析：shout 大喊；smile 微笑；cry 哭泣；fight 打架；斗爭。由前文可知，作者與那個人并不熟悉，并且這個人一直為自己找各種理由，所以作者決定沒必要再說了，故只是笑笑，選擇了放棄，故選B。 10. C 思路分析：agree 同意；want 想要；refuse 拒絕；continue 繼續(xù)。通過上文可以看出，作者一直說服那個人堅持夢想，而他卻找出各種理由，所以這引發(fā)了作者的思考，“為什么人們不去做一些事來堅持夢想呢？”，故選C。 練習(xí)二 The people who are more successful are not special people. They are just 1 people like you and me, but the only difference is that they have the passion(熱情)for their ambitions. They often put themselves in an unfortable environment and work to reach a fortable 2 . This helps in increasing the self-confidence. We need to start challenging ourselves to do something, which we have 3 done before. Small little challenges to oneself will give 4 for bigger things in life. This makes me think of a friend of mine. Because of some reasons she lived in her own old house and had 5 all her self-confidence. She tried to die but was 6 by a doctor. The doctor helped her e out of the sadness. He told her, “God has 7 you intelligence(智力)and you are gifted with creativity. Why don’t you work in a magazine? I am sure you will do very well.” She took the challenge. She started looking for a job 8 an artist in magazines. She got such a job within a few months in a local magazine. Her life has changed since then. She had challenged her life to do something, which she had never dreamt of being able to do, and never thought she could do it 9 she secretly wished in her heart. We are all like my friend in different situations with different desires(渴望) to achieve but we are scared to challenge 10 . Challenge your life day after day. You will started believing yourself and passion for your ambitions. 1. A. special B. important C. ordinary D. good 2. A. environment B. work C. life D. place 3. A. often B. usually C. never D. ever 4. A. sadness B. confidence C. illness D. family 5. A. found B. lost C. made D. taken 6. A. helped B. killed C. heard D. saved 7. A. asked B. bought C. given D. known 8. A as B. for C. by D. with 9. A. if B. so C. though D. because 10. A. ourselves B. yourselves C. themselves D. it 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了自信的重要性。文章開頭闡述了那些成功的人與我們普通人沒什么區(qū)別，唯一的不同就是這些人不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己，逐漸增加自信。同時，作者又以自己的一位朋友為例，來佐證自己的觀點，說明自信的重要性。 1. C 思路分析：special 特殊的；important 重要的；ordinary 普通的；good 好的。通過第一句，我們可知：那些成功的人并不是特殊的人，故在此只需要選special的反義詞即可，故選C。 2. A 思路分析：environment環(huán)境；work工作；life生活；生命；place地方。前面提到這些人經(jīng)常把自己置身于不舒服的環(huán)境中，下文與此形成對比，以達到“一個舒服的環(huán)境”。 3. C 思路分析：often 經(jīng)常；usually通常；never從不；ever曾經(jīng)。前文提到我們開始挑戰(zhàn)自己，所以要做以前沒有做過的事，故選C。 4. B 思路分析：sadness 悲傷；confidence 信心；illness疾病；family家庭。句意為：對于一個人來說，小的挑戰(zhàn)會給生活中大事______，將四個選項代入句中，只有B項符合句意。 5. B 思路分析：found發(fā)現(xiàn)；lost失去；made制造；使；taken 帶走。由后文她試圖自殺，故在此她面對貧困的家庭而失去信心，選B。 6. D 思路分析：help幫助；kill 殺死；hear 聽說；save節(jié)約；挽救。前面提到，她試圖自殺，后面出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，故后文意思是“但是被一名醫(yī)生挽救了”，選D。 7. C 思路分析：ask 問；要求；buy買；give給；know知道。句意為：上帝已經(jīng)______你智力，并且你具有天生的創(chuàng)造力。由句意可以推斷出空格處填give，短語為give sb. sth.把某物給予某人。 8. A 思路分析：as 作為；for 為了；by被；with帶有。句意為：她開始在雜志上找工作______一名藝術(shù)家。as后接職業(yè)，意為“作為……”，將其代入句中，意思完整。 9. C 思路分析：if如果；so因此；though盡管；because因為。前一句意為“她從沒有想到自己能做這項工作”，后一句意為“她從心底期望（做這項工作），由此可知應(yīng)該用連詞though。 10. A 思路分析： ourselves 我們自己；yourselves 你們自己；themselves你們自己；it它。句意為：在不同情況下，我們都像我的朋友，有不同的要實現(xiàn)的愿望，但是我們害怕挑戰(zhàn)_______。將四個選項代入句中，只有A項符合句意。 （答題時間：20分鐘） 一、 At the beginning of the new term, fourth-grade teacher, Qu Tingting, 1 that more students wore glasses when she entered the classroom at Tairi school in Shanghai. Qu said eight of the 40 children in her class wore glasses. There were only four 2 the Spring Festival holiday in February. “The nine-year-old students have 3 homework,” Qu said, “so almost all of them play puter games every day after school.” “Mobiles are not allowed during 4 but almost all of the children’s parents tell 5 their kids use mobiles after school.” Qu said. Eye tests showed that at Tairi school, fourth-grade students’ eyesight has gotten worse on average since last term. As more children 6 mobiles, eye doctors reminded(提醒) parents that they might be bad for children’s eyesight. They told parents to stop children from 7 with them. A father said his nine-year-old son was always playing games on his iPad. The boy was unwilling to 8 even when the family had dinner together in a restaurant. “Everyone in the family says the boy is very 9 when they see his little fingers moving here and there across the screen, 10 they don’t know that he spends hours playing at home everyday,” the father said. 1. A. noticed B. believed C. heard D. explained 2. A. for B. to C. since D. before 3. A. few B. little C. lots of D. plenty of 4. A. vacations B. camps C. exercise D. school 5. A. her B. him C. me D. them 6. A. were worried about B. were interested in C. were afraid of D. were proud of 7. A. studying B. shopping C. working D. playing 8. A. stop B. continue C. stay D. think 9. A. careful B. brave C. smart D. kind 10. A. but B. so C. and D. or 二、 Anna was excited about starting her first day in the new school. However, when she first walked past the students in the school, her excitement _1 to fear, and then to loneliness over the next few days. “Why didn’t anyone say ‘hi’ to me or invite me to his or her lunch table? Is it because of my clothes or my hair?” she wondered. Almost every day during the first week, Anna stayed _2 , thinking that there must have b