節(jié)能型人造板熱壓機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)摘 要熱壓機(jī)是人造板生產(chǎn)中最重要的設(shè)備之一。發(fā)展人造板產(chǎn)業(yè)是提高木材利用率的有效途徑,熱壓機(jī)是人造板工藝中極其重要的設(shè)備,而熱壓機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)是控制熱壓工藝的關(guān)鍵。在本設(shè)計(jì)的液壓系統(tǒng)中,采用斜盤(pán)式軸向柱塞變量泵,既能實(shí)現(xiàn)液壓缸的快速動(dòng)作,又可以緩慢加壓。同時(shí),由于系統(tǒng)采用液控單向閥,通過(guò)重力作用實(shí)現(xiàn)卸荷。系統(tǒng)最大特色是采用了快速液壓缸與主作用缸的配合使用,以達(dá)到快速前進(jìn),低速緩慢工進(jìn)的效果,既節(jié)省整體循環(huán)時(shí)間,又保證了板材壓制需要的力量。另外,系統(tǒng)中采用液壓集成塊技術(shù),使得系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,元件密度高,占據(jù)面積小,運(yùn)用靈活方便,又易于實(shí)現(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。本設(shè)計(jì)在原有 QD 實(shí)驗(yàn)熱壓機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上作了進(jìn)一步的改進(jìn),使整個(gè)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)更加完善,減少了系統(tǒng)的能量損失,使熱壓機(jī)具有更高的穩(wěn)定性和較高的工作效率,在人造板熱壓成型生產(chǎn)中性能更加完備。關(guān)鍵詞:熱壓機(jī);液壓系統(tǒng);變量泵供油;快速卸荷The design of energy-efficient wood-based panel hot press machine hydraulic systemAbstractHot pressing machine is one of the most important of equipment in the man-made board production manufacturing. The development of panel industry is an effective way to improve the utilization ratio of the wood,hot pressing machine is a very important equipment in the process of man-made board,and the hydraulic system of the hot pressing machine is the key to control hot-pressing process.In this design of the hydraulic system,the swash plate axial piston variable displacement pump, both the fast action of the hydraulic cylinder, and slowly pressurized. At the same time, the system uses the pilot-operated check valve unloading by gravity. The most significant feature of the system is used in conjunction the rapid hydraulic cylinder with the main acting cylinder, in order to achieve fast forward low speed slowly work into effect, saving the overall cycle time, and ensures the plate to suppress the strength needed. In addition,the technology of hydraulic manifold blocks is used in this system,which allow the system structure to be compact,the element density to be high,the occupy of area to be small and can be used flexibly and conveniently,meanwhile ,it's easy to realize standardized.This design is on the basis of the original experiment QD hot pressing machine hydraulic system, and has many further improvements,making the whole system structure be more compact,narrowing the energy that system takes up,letting the hot pressing machines have higher stability and higher efficiency,and the performance is more complete in the production of man-made heat mould board.Keywords: hot pressing machine; hydraulic system; variable pump oil; quick unload 目 錄1 緒論 11.1 國(guó)內(nèi)人造板的總體概況 .11.2 熱壓機(jī)的發(fā)展 .11.2.1 熱壓機(jī)的起源— 多層壓機(jī) 11.2.2 單層熱壓機(jī) 21.3 熱壓機(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .31.3.1 國(guó)外熱壓機(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 31.3.2 國(guó)內(nèi)熱壓機(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 32 熱壓機(jī)總體方案的確定和設(shè)計(jì) 52.1 方案原理分析 52.2 熱壓機(jī)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部各部件的功用 .62.2.1 液壓泵的功用 62.2.2 液壓缸的功用 62.2.3 液壓集成塊的功用 62.2.4 油箱的功用 63 液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì) 73.1 液壓缸類型與安裝方式的確定 .73.2 液壓缸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .73.2.1 缸體與缸的連接 73.3 液壓缸的主要技術(shù)性能參數(shù)的計(jì)算 .73.3.1 壓力設(shè)定 73.3.2 流量 83.3.3 運(yùn)動(dòng)速度 83.3.4 推力和拉力 83.3.5 行程 93.3.6 液壓缸的基本參數(shù) 93.4 液壓缸缸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .103.4.1 缸體內(nèi)徑的計(jì)算 103.4.2 缸體壁厚的計(jì)算 113.4.3 缸體外徑的計(jì)算 113.4.4 缸體壁厚的驗(yàn)算 113.4.5 缸體的材料和技術(shù)要求 123.5 柱塞桿徑的計(jì)算與校核 .123.5.1 柱塞桿徑的計(jì)算 123.5.2 柱塞桿直徑的校核 133.5.3 柱塞桿的材料和技術(shù)要求 133.6 缸蓋的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 133.6.1 缸蓋的結(jié)構(gòu) 143.6.2 缸底以及法蘭厚度的計(jì)算 143.6.3 缸蓋的材料和技術(shù)要求 153.6.4 缸筒的技術(shù)要求 153.7 雙頭螺柱的計(jì)算 153.8 導(dǎo)向套的設(shè)計(jì) 163.8.1 導(dǎo)向套的結(jié)構(gòu) 163.8.2 最小導(dǎo)向長(zhǎng)度的確定 163.8.3 導(dǎo)向套的材料及技術(shù)要求 173.9 密封件和防塵圈的選用 173.9.1 柱塞桿的密封 173.9.2 其他密封 173.9.3 柱塞桿的防塵裝置 174 液壓泵以及閥塊的選擇 194.1 流量計(jì)算 194.2 壓力計(jì)算 194.3 泵的選擇、校核 204.3.1 泵的壓力計(jì)算 .204.4 液壓閥塊的選擇 .224.4.1 材料的選擇 .224.4.2 閥型號(hào)的選擇 .225 油箱的設(shè)計(jì) 265.1 油箱在液壓系統(tǒng)中的主要功能 265.2 油箱的設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn) 265.3 油箱容量的計(jì)算 275.3.1 發(fā)熱計(jì)算 .275.3.3 油箱容積計(jì)算 .285.4 油箱中油液的冷卻與加熱 295.4.1 油液的冷卻 .295.4.2 油液的加熱 .295.5 油箱主要附件的選配 .305.5.1 空氣濾清器 305.5.2 過(guò)濾器 305.5.3 吸油口過(guò)濾器 305.5.4 回油口過(guò)濾器 .315.5.5 其他附件 315.5.6 油盤(pán) 316 結(jié)論 32參考文獻(xiàn) 33致謝 34畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聲明 35畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明 36