流量為130t每小時(shí)的立式蒸汽冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì)【過程裝備與控制工程優(yōu)秀課程畢業(yè)設(shè)+含8張CAD圖紙+帶任務(wù)書+45頁加正文1.08萬字】

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上管箱.dwg

上管箱管板.dwg

下管箱.dwg

下管箱管板.dwg

任務(wù)書.docx

圖紙總匯.dwg

墊片.dwg

拉桿1.dwg

拉桿2.dwg

文件清單.txt

流量為130t每小時(shí)的立式蒸汽冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì).doc

裝配圖.dwg

摘要

  冷凝器它是使用范圍很廣的一種化工設(shè)備，屬于換熱器一種。本設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)主要是根據(jù)已知條件選擇采用固定管板式換熱器的設(shè)計(jì),固定管板式換熱器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是鍛件使用少，造價(jià)低；傳熱面積比浮頭式換熱器大20%到30％且旁路滲流小。 

  本臺(tái)換熱器主要完成的是水蒸氣-水之間的熱量交換,首先根據(jù)給出的設(shè)計(jì)溫度和設(shè)計(jì)壓力來確定設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)形式以及殼程和管程的材料，然后根據(jù)物料性質(zhì)和傳熱面積來確定換熱管的材料，尺寸，根數(shù)。，設(shè)計(jì)壓力為管程2.31MPa，殼程0.935MPa，工作溫度管程50℃，殼程130℃，設(shè)計(jì)溫度管程80℃，殼程140℃，傳熱面積為256m2，采用Φ25×2.5×3000的無縫鋼管換熱，則可計(jì)算出622根換熱管，D=1200mm的圓筒根據(jù)換熱管的根數(shù)確定換熱管的排列，并根據(jù)換熱管的排列和長(zhǎng)度來確定筒體直徑以及折流板的選擇。

通過對(duì)容器的內(nèi)徑和內(nèi)外壓的計(jì)算來確定殼體和封頭的厚度并進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核。然后是對(duì)換熱器各部件的零部件的強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)，有法蘭的選擇和設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與校核，鉤圈及浮頭法蘭的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與校核和管子拉脫力的計(jì)算。還包括管板的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、防沖擋板、滑道結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)以及支座設(shè)計(jì)。結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件可以參照國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)條件直接選??；非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件，設(shè)計(jì)完結(jié)構(gòu)后必須進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的應(yīng)力校核。

  管板與換熱管的連接方式為焊接，因管板上的應(yīng)力較多，且內(nèi)外溫度有一定的差值，因此，對(duì)管板強(qiáng)度的校核是一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)..

 關(guān)鍵詞：  換熱器；  強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)；  結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)

Abstract

  The condenser is a kind of chemical equipment which is widely used, and belongs to a kind of heat exchanger.. The design task is mainly according to the known conditions to choose the design of fixed tube plate heat exchanger, the advantages of fixed tube plate heat exchanger is forging used less, low cost; heat transfer area ratio of floating head type for heat exchanger is 20% to 30% and a bypass flow small.

The heat exchanger is mainly completed is between water vapor and water heat exchange, first of all according to the given design temperature and pressure to determine structure of equipment and the shell side and tube side material, and then according to the nature of the material and the heat transfer area to determine the heat exchange tube materials, dimensions, number of roots. And design pressure for tube side 2.31MPa, shell 0.935MPa, the working temperature of the tube process 50 DEG C, 130 DEG C shell, design temperature tube process at a temperature of 80 DEG C, shell and 140 DEG C, heat transfer area for 256m2. The phi 25 x 2.5 x 3000 seamless steel pipe heat exchanger can be calculated 622 heat exchange tube, D=1200mm cylindrical root according to determine the root number of heat exchange tube heat exchanger tube arrangement and according to the arrangement and length of heat exchange tube to determine cylinder diameter and baffle the choice. Determine the thickness of the shell and the head and carry out the intensity verification by calculating the inner diameter and the internal pressure of the container.. Then the strength design of components of the various components of the heat exchanger, flange design, selection and calculation and checking, hook and loop and floating head flange design calculation and checking of the pipe and pull off force calculation. Also includes a tube plate structure design, anti scour baffle, slideway structure design and the design of support. The standard parts in the structure design can be selected directly according to the national standards; the non standard parts must be checked for the corresponding stress after the design of the structure.

Tube plate and tube heat exchanger and the connection mode of welding, tube plate more stress, and the temperature inside and outside have certain difference. Therefore, on the tube sheet strength check is a key and a difficulties.

Keywords:  heat exchanger；  strength design；  structure design

目  錄

第一章傳統(tǒng)工藝計(jì)算 1

1.1工藝計(jì)算 1

1.1.1介質(zhì)原始數(shù)據(jù) 1

1.1.2介質(zhì)定性溫度及物性參數(shù) 1

1.2 傳熱量與水蒸汽流量計(jì)算 2

1.3 有效平均溫差計(jì)算 3

1.4管程換熱系數(shù)計(jì)算 4

1.5 管程結(jié)構(gòu)初步設(shè)計(jì) 5

1.6殼程換熱系數(shù)計(jì)算 5

1.7總傳熱系數(shù)計(jì)算 6

1.8管壁溫度計(jì)算 7

1.9管程壓力降計(jì)算 8

1.10殼程壓力降計(jì)算 8

第二章強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 11

2.1結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 11

2.1.1換熱管材料及規(guī)格的選擇和根數(shù)的確定 11

2.1.2布管方式的選擇 11

2.1.3筒體內(nèi)徑的確定 11

2.1.4筒體壁厚的確定 12

2.1.5封頭形式的確定 12

2.1.6管箱短節(jié)壁厚計(jì)算 13

2.1.7容器法蘭的選擇 13

2.1.8管板尺寸的確定及強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 14

2.1.9是否安裝膨脹節(jié)的判定： 26

2.1.10各管孔接管及其法蘭的選擇： 26

2.1.11設(shè)備法蘭的選擇 30

2.1.12拉桿和定距管的確定 31

2.1.13開孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算： 32

2.2筒體管箱耐壓試驗(yàn)的應(yīng)力校核計(jì)算 34

2.2.1筒體核算 34

2.2.2、支座的選擇及應(yīng)力校核 35

2.2.3 耳座的應(yīng)力校核 36

參考文獻(xiàn) 39

致 謝 40