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Unit4 Astronomy thescienceofthestars 核心單詞 astronomy astronomer 1 n 天文學(xué) n 天文學(xué)家2 n 系統(tǒng) 體系 制度 adj 系統(tǒng) 的 有體系的 system systematic religion 3 n 宗教 宗教信仰4 pron n adj 英 萬(wàn)億 美 十億5 n 球體 地球儀 地球 adj 全球 性的 全世界的 billion globe global violent violently violence atmosphere 6 adj 猛烈的 激烈的 強(qiáng)暴的 adv 猛烈地 n 暴力 unlike like 7 n 大氣層 氣氛 fundamental 8 prep 與 不同 不像 prep 像9 adj 基本的 基礎(chǔ)的 n 基礎(chǔ)10 adj 有害的 n vt 損害 傷害 11 vi vt 乘 增加 fundament 12 vi 存在 生存 n 存在 harmful harm multiply exist existence 13 adv 因此 于是 thus puzzle 14 n 謎 難題 vt vi 使 迷惑 使 為難 adj 感到疑惑的 adj 令人感到疑惑的15 n 生物學(xué) n 生物學(xué)家16 adj 溫和的 文雅的 adv 溫和地 17 n 氣候 puzzled puzzling 18 vi vt 碰撞 墜落 biology biologist 19 n vt 拉 力 拖 牽引力 20 vi vt 使 浮動(dòng) 使 漂浮 n 漂浮物 gentle gently climate crash pull float ?？级陶Z(yǔ) time lay give birth turn 1 in 及時(shí) 終于 2 eggs下蛋 prevent block cheer 3 to產(chǎn)生 分娩 4 inone s 輪到某人 now get hang 5 from阻止 制止6 out擋住 光線 7 up感到高興 感到振奮 8 that既然 break watch 9 the of熟悉 掌握 理解10 out突發(fā) 爆發(fā)11 outfor密切注意 當(dāng)心 提防 as it happened 經(jīng)典佳句1 Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan solongago 沒(méi)有人確切知道地球是怎樣開(kāi)始形成的 因?yàn)樵诤茉绾茉缫郧八托纬闪?2 wasuncertainuntilbetween4 5and3 8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe 隨后它會(huì)變成什么沒(méi)人能知道 直到38 45億年前 這團(tuán)塵埃才慢慢地形成一個(gè)固體的球狀物 What it was to bee so violent that or not 3 Theearthbecame itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlast 地球 開(kāi)始 變得激烈動(dòng)蕩 不知道這個(gè)固體形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去 4 Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock Theywereintimetoproducecarbondioxide nitrogen watervapourandothergases theearth satmosphere 它猛烈的爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石 最終產(chǎn)生了二氧化碳 氮?dú)?水蒸氣和其他多種氣體 從而形成了地球的大氣層 which were to make 課文回顧 energetic loudly in harmful Theearthwasjustacloudof1 energy dustafterthe BigBang andthenthedustbegantobineintoaballmovingaroundthesun Theearthexploded2 loud withfireandrock tobe3 timetoproducemanythings whichweretomaketheearth satmosphere Thenwaterappearedontheearthandpeoplethinkitisimportantforthebeginningoflife Itallowedtheearthtodissolve4 harm gases Thenlife begantodevelop Nobodyunderstoodplantswerethestartofchanges They5 multiply andfilledthefirstoceansandseaswithoxygen Thisencouragedthe6 develop ofearlyshellfishandfish Landanimalssuchasinsects reptilesanddinosaursappearedafterthe7 one greenplantsappeared Smallcleveranimalsspreadallovertheearth Theydevelopednew8 method ofgrowing huntingandmoving Toomuchcarbondioxideisputintotheatmosphere 9 preventsheatfromtheearthintospace Whetherlifecontinuesdepends10 whetherthisproblemcanbe solved first methods which on multiplied development 單句語(yǔ)法填空1 2017年北京卷 閱讀理解D Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings awishtopreserveitsown exist 2 2017年北京卷 閱讀理解D Ifwearenotcareful then wecouldfaceakindof globe chessmatchagainstverydetermined superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown withtherealworldasthechessboard existence global Now Unlike harmful 3 thatsomanyfarmershavestoppedpickingtea heisconfidentthatpriceswilleventuallygoup 4 like mostpeopleintheofficewhoeto workbycar Iusuallyetoworkbybus in 5 Playingputergamesis harm toourhealth 6 You vemademesufferinthepast sonowyou yourturn sufferagain puzzled puzzling puzzled 7 Therewasa lookonthelittlegirl sfacebecausea problem her puzzle reading what up 8 Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom read books 9 Itisnoneofyourbusiness otherpeoplethinkaboutyou Believeinyourself 10 Let sgotothefootballgameandcheer ourfavouriteteam 1 harmfuladj 有害的 有損害的harmvt n 損害 傷害 危害 beharmfultosb sth doharmtosb sth dosb sth harm harmsb sth 對(duì) 有害處 有害于 domoreharmthangood弊大于利outofharm sway在安全的地方 Thereisnoharmin sb s doingsth 某人 做某事無(wú)害處 Itdoesnoharm forsb todosth 某人 做某事無(wú)害處 名師指津 harmful more do之后的good harm等都是抽象名詞 根據(jù)要表達(dá)的意義 前面可以加great much little no等修飾詞 運(yùn)用 完成句子 每空一詞 1 過(guò)量喝酒對(duì)你的身體有害 Itis toyourhealthtodrinktoomuch 2 許多人認(rèn)為考試弊大于利 Alotofpeoplearguethatexamsdo harmthangood causing doing serious harm to 3 這些天 違反交通規(guī)則和亂扔垃圾的現(xiàn)象很常見(jiàn) 對(duì)生活和環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞 Thesedays breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringaremon lifeandthe environment no harm in asking 4 他可能會(huì)拒絕 但問(wèn)一問(wèn)也無(wú)妨 Hemaysayno butthere s 2 existvi 存在 生存 維持生活Thereexists existed 某地有 存在 existin存在于 之中 existon liveon靠 生存existby靠 為生 existentadj 存在的 現(xiàn)存的existencen 存在 生存 eintoexistence開(kāi)始存在 成立 產(chǎn)生bringintoexistence 使 發(fā)生 產(chǎn)生inexistence現(xiàn)存的 現(xiàn)有的 名師指津 exists on existence in exist是不及物動(dòng)詞 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 也不用于進(jìn)行時(shí) 運(yùn)用 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1 There exist agenerationgapbetweentheyoungandtheold 2 Theycan texist themoneyhe searning 3 Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirstcameinto exist 4 Therearethreedifferentversionsofhishealthrecordcurrently existence 3 puzzlen 謎 難題 vt vi 使 迷惑 使 為難 beinapuzzle不知如何是好beinapuzzleaboutsth 對(duì)某事迷惑不解setapuzzleforsb setsb apuzzle出個(gè)謎語(yǔ)叫某人猜puzzleabout oversth 苦苦思索 仔細(xì)琢磨puzzlesth out琢磨出 的答案puzzleone sbrain苦思冥想 絞盡腦汁bepuzzledby被 迷惑puzzledadj 感到困惑的puzzlingadj 令人困惑的 名師指津 puzzles beenpuzzling 由過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)來(lái)的形容詞如 puzzled confused frightened excited tired surprised等 除了可以描述人的心理活動(dòng)外 還可以用來(lái)修飾與人有關(guān)的一些名詞 如look voice smile expression face等 運(yùn)用 單句語(yǔ)法填空 a puzzling 1 What puzzle meiswhytheydon tanswerit 2 Thesescientistshave puzzle abouthowtosolvetheenvironmentalproblem 3 It squite puzzletouswhyhedidthat 4 Hislastpaintingsareperhapsthemost puzzle whichevenpuzzlesalltheartists 4 pulln vt 拉 力 拖 牽引力pullback拉回來(lái) 縮回 使 后退 pulldown拉下 窗簾等 拆毀 拆掉 房屋等 pullin 列車等 駛進(jìn) 到達(dá) 車站 pullout拔出 列車等 駛出 出站 啟程pulltogether齊心協(xié)力 團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)pullthrough康復(fù) 痊愈 名師指津 push 推 與pull 拉 是兩個(gè)作用力相對(duì)的動(dòng)作 運(yùn)用 完成句子 每空一詞 pull through 1 每個(gè)人都很關(guān)心他是否能痊愈 Everyonewasveryconcernedaboutwhetherhewould ornot 2 如果我們齊心協(xié)力 我們可以用一半的時(shí)間完成這項(xiàng)任 務(wù) pull together Ifwe wecanacplishthetaskinhalfofthetime pull in pulling down 3 警車發(fā)出信號(hào) 要我們駛向路邊?？?Thepolicecarsignalledtousto atthesideoftheroad 4 為了給新旅館騰地 他們正在拆除那些房屋 Theyare thosehousestomakeroomforanewhotel 1 intime及時(shí) earlyorsoonenough 終于 eventually 遲早 soonerorlater intimefor 剛好趕上intimetodosth 及時(shí)做某事ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí) aheadoftime提前 提早allthetime一直 始終atonetime曾經(jīng) 一度atatime每次 逐一 atnotime決不 atthesametime同時(shí) fromtimetotime有時(shí) 偶爾 timeandtimeagain一次又一次 一再takeone stime別著急 慢慢來(lái)killtime消磨時(shí)間 名師指津 intime強(qiáng)調(diào)在要求時(shí)間之前 或剛好 而ontime側(cè)重準(zhǔn) 時(shí) on tosave 運(yùn)用 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1 Ifyoukeepon you llsucceed time 2 Don tallspeakatonce One atime please 3 Ifyoucan tarrivethere time youshouldinformtheminadvance 4 Theambulancegottherejustintime save hislife in at 2 inone sturn輪到某人 接著inturn輪流 依次byturns輪流 交替taketurnstodosth 輪流做某事It sone sturntodosth 輪到某人做某事 辨析 inturn inone sturn和inreturn for 1 inturn輪流 依次 A B C 如 Thechildrencalledouttheirnamesinturn 孩子們依次報(bào)出自己的名字 2 inone sturn輪到某人 接替 如 Whenitisinmyturn Iamtooexcitedtospeak 當(dāng)輪到我時(shí) 我激動(dòng)得說(shuō)不出話來(lái) 3 inreturn for 反過(guò)來(lái) 作為對(duì) 的回報(bào) A B 如 Iinvitedhimforthesupperwhichwasinreturnforhissaving mydaughter slife 為了感謝他救了我女兒 我邀請(qǐng)他去我家吃晚飯 運(yùn)用 完成句子 每空一詞 1 輪到你用電腦了 It s your turn tousetheputer 2 他們輪流值夜班 taking turns Theywere tobeonthenightshift 3 人們使用自己的小汽車避免公共交通延誤 反過(guò)來(lái) 這 造成了更多的問(wèn)題 in return Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars andthis createsmoreproblems 3 prevent from阻止 制止stop keep from 阻止 免受 傷害 名師指津 1 在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 stop和prevent后的from都可以省略 但keep后的from不能省略 wasprevented 2 在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 此三個(gè)短語(yǔ)中的from均不能省略 運(yùn)用 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1 I prevent fromgoingoutbyurgent business playing 2 Theheavyrainpreventedusfrom play football 3 Wehavetriedourbesttopreventtheriverfrom pollute beingpolluted 4 cheerup感到高興 感到振奮cheersb up使某人高興 使某人振奮cheeron為 加油 比賽中 以喝彩聲鼓勵(lì)Cheers 口語(yǔ) 用于祝酒 干杯 cheered him up withgoodcheer欣然地運(yùn)用完成句子 每空一詞 1 這消息使他高興起來(lái) was to cheer on Thenews 2 我們所做的一切都是為了給我們隊(duì)加油 Whatwehavedone our team 3 如果他們贏得今晚的決賽 他們隊(duì)將繞全城游行 屆時(shí)他們將受到熱情支持者的歡呼 Iftheywinthefinaltonight theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity bytheirenthusiastic supporters to be cheered 原句1 Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillions ofyearstoewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved 所以 在未來(lái)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)年中 生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個(gè)問(wèn)題能否得到解決 句中兩個(gè)whether引導(dǎo)的從句均為名詞性從句 前者是主語(yǔ)從句 后者是賓語(yǔ)從句 在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)whether 介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句除外 通?？梢院蚷f互換 但引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常多用whether而不用if 運(yùn)用 完成句子 每空一詞 1 亨利問(wèn)他是否可以上網(wǎng) whether humans Henryasked will be able 2 她的問(wèn)題是人類將來(lái)能否在火星上生活 Herquestionis toliveonMars whether he s a 3 他的國(guó)籍與他是否是位好老師無(wú)關(guān) Hisnationalityisn trelevantto good teacher whether if he could surf the Internet 原句2 butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearth s 但它不如地球的引力那么強(qiáng) as adj a n n as句型是 as as 結(jié)構(gòu)的一種變化形式 as as 比較結(jié)構(gòu)的基本用法 as 形容詞或副詞原級(jí) as分句 否定形式為notas so as 主句主語(yǔ)與as分句主語(yǔ)不同但比較的項(xiàng)目相同 運(yùn)用 完成句子 每空一詞 1 我想用一種盡可能大眾化的方式把我的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷表達(dá) 出來(lái) as universal a way as Iwanttoexpressmypersonalexperiencein possible 2 這位歌手希望利用盡可能流行的歌曲來(lái)表達(dá)個(gè)人的思 想情感 as popular a song as Thesingertendstoexpresshisfeelingsandthoughtsin possible as difficult a problem as 3 他力圖解最難的題目以顯示他的聰明 Hetriedtoshowhisintelligencebyworkingout possible 4 迪克和邁克是一樣淘氣的孩子 Dickis Mike as naughty a boy as 原句3 ButwhenItriedtostepforward IfoundIwas carriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover 而當(dāng)我試著向前邁進(jìn)的時(shí)候 我發(fā)現(xiàn)我被送出去很遠(yuǎn) 步子的幅度竟然是在地球上的兩倍 因而我跌倒了 幾種倍數(shù)表示法 1 倍數(shù) 形容詞 副詞比較級(jí) than 2 倍數(shù) as 形容詞 副詞原級(jí) 進(jìn)行比較的名詞 as 3 倍數(shù) the 表示衡量的名詞 size weight length depth width of 4 倍數(shù) more 進(jìn)行比較的名詞 than 5 倍數(shù) asmany much 進(jìn)行比較的名詞 as 6 倍數(shù) thatof 被比較對(duì)象 如 紅尺子是那個(gè)黃尺子的三倍長(zhǎng) Theredruleristhreetimesaslongastheyellowone Theredruleristwotimeslongerthantheyellowone Theredruleristhreetimesthelengthoftheyellowone threetimes 運(yùn)用 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1 Thishallisfivetimes big thanourclassroom 2 Theworld spopulationhasgrowntomorethansixtimes itwasin1800 3 InthisworkshoptheoutputofJulywas three thatofJanuary bigger what 運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 補(bǔ)充完整下面短文 并背誦下來(lái) IstherelifeonMars Wedon tknow CanwelandonMars Italldepends1 thedevelopmentof2 scientist andtechnology Manhas3 know alittleaboutMars Itmightbeabout50degreesabovezeroatnoonand100degreesbelowzeroatnight whichpreventsusfrom4 live there Now5 Marsisquite6 difference fromourearth ifwegetthehang7 theknowledgeofastronomyandhaveachance8 go toMarsoneday weshouldhavetotakealong9 we ownoxygen food clothingandshelter Butitiscertainthatman10 land onMarsintime on science known living that different of togo our willland 閱讀理解 十 閱讀理解四大題型之詞義猜測(cè)題 2 2 句意理解題句意理解題是常見(jiàn)的閱讀題型 它不僅考查考生對(duì)句子表層意思的理解能力 有時(shí)還需要考生結(jié)合上下文和平時(shí)的知識(shí)積累 生活常識(shí)和人生閱歷來(lái)判斷或推斷句子的深層含義 做該類題目時(shí)應(yīng)注意 1 根據(jù)題干 縮小并鎖定相關(guān)句段 2 挖掘選項(xiàng)異同點(diǎn)尋找提示 3 利用各類詞義理解技巧逐一突破關(guān)鍵詞 4 抓住表示因果 轉(zhuǎn)折 遞進(jìn) 并列等關(guān)系的連詞 準(zhǔn)確把握句內(nèi)各分句以及該句所在段落各句間的邏輯關(guān)系 例 2015年浙江卷 In2004 whenmydaughterBeckywasten sheandmyhusband Joe wereunitedintheirdesireforadog Asforme Isharednoneoftheircaninelust Butwhy theypleaded BecauseIdon thavetimetotakecare ofadog Butwe lldoit Really You regoingtowalkthedog Feedthedog Bathethedog Yes yes andyes Idon t believeyou Wewill Wepromise Theydidn t Fromdaytwo everyonewantedtowalkthecutepuppythatfirstday neitherthoughttowalkthedog WhileIwasslowtoacceptthatIwouldbetheonetokeeptrackofhershots toschedulehervetappointments tofeedandcleanher Mistyknewthisondayone Asshelookedupatthethreenewhumansinherlife small medium andlarge shecalculated Themediumoneisthesuckerinthepack Quickly sheandIdevelopedsomethingverysimilartoa Vulcanmindmeld 心靈融合 She dlookatmewiththosesad browneyesofhers beamherneed andthenwait trustingIwouldunderstand which strangely Ialmostalwaysdid Innotime she becamemyfifthappendage 附肢 snoringonmyhome office couchasIworked cradlingagainstmyfeetasIread andsplayingacrossmystomachasIwatchedtelevision Evenso partofmecontinuedtoresentwalkingduty Joeand Beckyhadpromised Notfair I dbalk 不心甘情愿地做 silentlyassheandIwalked Notfair I dloudlyremindanyonewithin earshotuponourreturnhome Thenoneday January1 2007 tobeexact myhusband s doctorutteredanunthinkableword leukemia 白血病 Withthat IspenteighttotenhoursadaywithJoeinthehospital doinganythingandeverythingIcouldtoeasehisdisfort Duringthosesixmonthsofhospitalizations Becky 12atthetime adjustedtootheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool Myworkcolleaguesadjustedtomytakingoffatamoment snoticeformedicalemergencies Everypartofmylifechanged nopartofmyoldroutineremained Saveone Mistystillneededwalking Atthebeginning whenfriendsofferedtotakeherthroughherpaces IdeclinedbecauseIknewtheyhadtheirownhouseholdstodealwith Asthemonthswentby IbegantorealizethatIactually wantedtowalkMisty ThewalkinthemorningbeforeIheadedtothehospitalwasaquiet peacefultimetogathermythoughtsortojustbebeforetheday smedicaldramaunfolded Theeveningwalkwasatimetoshakeofftheday supsetsandlettheworrytracksinmyheadgotowhitenoise Whenseriousillnessvisitsyourhousehold it snotjustyourdailyroutineandyourassumptionsaboutthefuturethatarenolongerfamiliar Prettymucheveryoneyouknowactsdifferently NotMisty Takeherforawalk andshehadnointerestinJoe sbloodcountsorbonemarrowtestresults Onthestreetorinthepark shehadonlyonethingonhermind squirrels Shewassojoyousthatevenontheworstdays shecouldmakemesmile Onadailybasis sheremindedmethatlifegoeson AfterJoediedin2009 Mistysleptonhispillow I mgrateful toapoint Thetruthis afteryearsofbalking I veetoenjoymywalkswithMisty AsIwatchherchaseafterasquirrel throwingherwholebeingintothehere and nowofanexercisethathasneveronceendedinvictory sheremindsme too thatnomatterhowharshthepresentorunpredictablethefuture there salmostalwayssomemeasureofjoytobeextractedfromthemoment 56 Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningto Themediumoneisthesuckerinthepack Paragraph3 A Themiddle agedpersonlovesmemost B Themedium sizedwomanisthehostess C Themaninthemiddleistheonewhohasthefinalsay D Thewomanisthekindandtrustworthyoneinthefamily 解析 D 句意理解題 根據(jù)前句中3個(gè)單詞的意思不難 知道small指的是作者的女兒 medium指的是作者 large指的是作者的丈夫 根據(jù)后文他們有了心靈相通 不難得出答案 小狗認(rèn)為這個(gè)婦女 也就是作者 是最值得信任的和最好心的 2016年河南省六市聯(lián)考一 DidyouknowthatAlbertEinsteincouldnotspeakuntilhewasfouryearsold andcouldnotreaduntilhewasseven Hisparentsandteachersworriedabouthismentalability Beethoven smusicteachersaidabouthim Asaposer 作曲家 heishopeless Whatifthisyoungboyhadbelievedit WhenThomasEdisonwasayoungboy histeacherssaidhewassostupidthathecouldneverlearnanything Heoncesaid IrememberIusedtoneverbeabletogetalongatschool Iwasalwaysatthefootofmyclass MyfatherthoughtIwasstupid and IalmostdecidedthatIwasastupidperson WhatifyoungThomashadbelievedwhattheysaidabouthim Whenthesculptor 雕刻家 AugusteRodinwasyoung he haddifficultylearningtoreadandwrite Today wemaysayhehad alearningdisability Hisfathersaidofhim Ihaveanidiot 白癡 forason Hisuncleagreed He suneducable hesaid What ifRodinhaddoubtedhisability WaltDisneywasoncefiredbyanewspapereditorbecausehe wasthoughttohaveno goodideas EnricoCarusowastoldby onemusicteacher Youcan tsing Youhavenovoiceatall AndaneditortoldLouisaMayAlcottthatshewasunabletowriteanythingthatwouldhavepopularappeal Whatifthesepeoplehadlistenedandbeediscouraged WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney AsOscarLevantoncesaid It snotwhatyouarebutwhatyoudon tbeethathurts Youhavegreatpotential Whenyoubelieveinallyoucanbe ratherthanallyoucannotbee youwillfindyourplaceonearth 1 What sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence He suneducable A Hecan tbetaught C Heisdifferent B Heisveryclever D Heisalatesuccess 解析 A 句意理解題 根據(jù)第四段他的父親和他的叔叔 對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià) Ihaveanidiot 白癡 forason Hisuncleagreed 可知 他們都認(rèn)為他是白癡 據(jù)此可以推斷 該句意為 他是教不會(huì)的 故選A 3 指代關(guān)系題 指代關(guān)系題是指對(duì)文章中某個(gè)指示代詞進(jìn)行推測(cè)從而弄清它所指代的真實(shí)對(duì)象的閱讀理解題 現(xiàn)行高中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱明確要求我們掌握通過(guò)上下文語(yǔ)境推測(cè)詞義的技巧 指代關(guān)系題則是這一理念在實(shí)踐中的應(yīng)用 判斷代詞which或it的指代對(duì)象 或者根據(jù)文章進(jìn)行推斷 問(wèn)題核心詞常有infer accordingtothetext knownfromthetext等 常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有 Whatdoestheunderlinedword it referto Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean 做這類題目的主要方法是 1 弄清上下文的邏輯關(guān)系 因果 讓步 轉(zhuǎn)折 承接 遞進(jìn)等 這樣才能比較準(zhǔn)確地判斷出題目所涉及的代詞的指代意義 2 排除法 即將代詞分別替換成四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容 放回原句看能否講得通 例 2017年新課標(biāo) 卷 Someoftheworld smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay UNESCO UnitedNationsEducational ScientificandCulturalOrganization recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic itssignificance anditspotentialasa unifying 聯(lián)合 voiceacrosscultures Despitethecelebrations though intheU S thejazzaudience continuestoshrinkandgrowolder andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations It sJasonMoran sjobtohelpchangethat AstheKennedyCenter sartisticadviserforjazz Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz makethemusicmoreaccessible andpreserveitshistoryandculture Jazzseemslikeit snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite MorantellsNationalPublicRadio sreporterNeal Conan WhatI mhopingtoacplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore It sactuallycolor andit sactuallydigital Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthatthe entertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost Themusiccan t bepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958 Ithastocontinuetomove becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthe same saysMoran Lastyear MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFats Waller smusicforadanceparty justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic saysMoran Forme it stherecontextualization Inmusic wheredoestheemotion 情感 lie Arewe ashumansgaininganyinsight 感悟 onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingas abstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusic hasawidercontext saysMoran soIwanttocontinuethose dialogues ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster 29 Whatdoestheunderlinedword that inParagraph3refer to A Jazzbeingmoreaccessible B Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster C Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung D Thejazzaudiencebeinglarger 解析 C 推理判斷題 根據(jù)前文 Despitethecelebrations though intheU S thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations 再結(jié)合 It sJasonMoran sjobtohelpchangethat 可推測(cè)that指代的是前文中爵士樂(lè)在年輕一代人中失去吸引力的現(xiàn)象 故選C Whetherit stohelptheirdogsorthemselves abouthalfofall Americanssurveyedinarecentpoll 民意測(cè)驗(yàn) saytheyexercise regularly Accordingtothepoll mostpeoplewalkforexerciseafewtimesaweek Aboutathirdsaytheywalkeveryday Butaretheykiddingthemselvestothinkawalkisreallyhelpingthem Shouldweallberunningorjoggingifwewanttocountthatactivityasgoodforus Dr TimChurch whostudiestheeffectsofphysicalactivityatLouisianaStateUniversity sPenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenter madeastudyaboutthat Churchheadedastudywith464postmenopausal 絕經(jīng)后的 womenwho forsixmonths cameintothelabtowalkatreadmill 跑步機(jī) whenresearcherswatched Thefirstgroupwalkedfor73minutesaweek thesecond136minutesaweekandthethird190minutesweekly Thesewomenwerewalkingslowly andcouldeasilycarryonaconversation Surprisingly thegroupthatwasonlywalkingfor73minutesaweekslowlybenefitedalot Churchsays Theysay they vegottenmorephysicallyactivefromwalking Theyhaven tnecessarilylostweight buttheirpantsfitdifferently Hesaysit s becausetheyhavelessbellyfat whichisaverygoodthing ThisdocumentfromtheAmericanHeartAssociationlistsdozensofstudiesshowingsimilarbenefitsfromwalking AndinChurch sstudy participantsgainedmorethanphysicalbenefits Theyalsogainedbenefitslikelessanxietyandfewersymptomsofdepression Theyalsodiscoveredsomethingmanyofuslongfor moreenergy Itwasn tadose response 劑量效應(yīng) Themoreexerciseyoudid themoreyourenergywouldincrease Church says Actually allthreeexercisegroupsincreasedtheirlevelsofthesameenergy 2 Whatdoestheunderlinedword that referto A Ifpeopleshouldwalkthedog B Theeffectofrunningorjogging C Ifpeopleneedtoexercisehardtobenefit D Theimportanceofdoingexerciseregularly 解析 C 代詞指代題 由第二段開(kāi)頭的 Butarethey kiddingthemselves asgoodforus 及下文的研究可推斷 畫(huà)線詞指代人們是否必須做高強(qiáng)度的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能受益