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Unit 4 一、詞匯復(fù)習(xí) （一）單句語(yǔ)法填空 1． Most people work because its unavoidable.________contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 答案：By　by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因?yàn)樗菬o(wú)法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因?yàn)榈拇_享受工作。 2．(2015浙江，17改編)These ments came ________response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 答案：in　in response to“回應(yīng)”。句意：這些評(píng)論出現(xiàn)是為了回應(yīng)那些當(dāng)?shù)匦侣動(dòng)浾呓?jīng)常問(wèn)到的具體問(wèn)題。 3．(2015湖北，30改編)This meeting room is a nonsmoking area. I would like to warn you ________advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 答案：in　in advance“提前”。句意：會(huì)議室是非吸煙區(qū)。我想提前警告你：如果你在這兒吸煙的話。你會(huì)被罰款的。 4．(2015重慶，10改編)Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ______ the average. 答案：above　above the average“在一般水平以上”。句意：去年是有記錄以來(lái)最熱的一年，全球氣溫比平均氣溫高0.68℃。 5．(2015福建，22改編)A mon memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform. 答案：of　they all have ________ their school days為memory的定語(yǔ)，可還原成have a memory of結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“有……的回憶”。句意：他們對(duì)學(xué)校生活的共有回憶是校服。拓展：I have a vivid memory of her face.“她的容貌栩栩如生地印在我腦海里?！? （二）英漢互譯 1. airmail n. __________ 2. △Papua __________ 3. fortnight n. __________ 4. hear from __________ 5. (be) dying to __________ 6. roof n. __________ 7. muddy adj. __________ 8. textbook n. __________ 9. concept n. __________ 10. △bucket n. __________ 11. the other day __________ 12. weekly adj.& adv.__________ 13. △bubble vi. __________ 14. relevant adj. __________ 15. remote adj. __________ 16. △ridge n. __________ 17. weed n. vt. & vi. __________ 18. △hut n. __________ 19. rectangle n. __________ 20. rectangular adj. __________ 21. adjust vi.&vt. __________ 22. platform n. __________ 23. broom n. __________ 24. tin n. __________ 25. jar n. __________ 26. sniff vt. & vi. __________ 27. participate vi. __________ 28. interpreter n. __________ 29. grill n. vt. __________ 30. dry out __________ 31. △leftover n. adj. 32. △evil adj. n. 33. dry up 34. otherwise conj. adv. 35. privilege n. 36. paperwork n. 37. arrangement n. 38. toast vt. n. 39. b n. __________ 40. astronaut n. __________ 41. angle n. __________ 42. catalogue n. __________ 43. donate vt. __________ 44. voluntary adj. __________ 45. in need __________ 46. purchase vt. & n.__________ 47. anniversary n. __________ 48. seed n. __________ 49. △seedling n. __________ 50. △vaccination n.__________ 51. △loan n. __________ 52. sew vi. vt. __________ 53. sewing machine __________ 54. △supplement n __________ 55. ox n. __________ 56. △plough vi. __________ 57. trunk n. __________ 58. trunk library __________ 59. tractor n. __________ 60. Kenya n. __________ 61. △Bangladesh n. __________ 62. click vi. & vt. __________ 63. tailor n. vt. __________ 64. △Tanzania n. __________ 65. △economic __________ 66. political adj. __________ 67. △Nepal n. __________ 68. △Uganda n. __________ 69. distribute vt. __________ 70. distribution __________ 71. △financial __________ 72. security n. __________ 73. operate vt.__________ 74. △Sudan n. __________ 75. clinic n. __________ 76. △Malawi n. __________ 二、完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 When my kids were small，I started a tradition in our house of giving eight gifts over the course of the eight days of Hanukkah(光明節(jié))．I liked the idea of __1__ a candle every night and giving my children a gift to unwrap to __2__.It was easy to go into a toy store and pick up something __3__ less than$10 each，or even$1 each(at the dollar store)．My children didnt ask for anything much in particular and they __4__ whatever they got. As the years progressed，I __5__ the tradition of eight gifts for each night of Hanukkah. But this year，Hanukkah __6__ something else.My specialneeds son decided that he wanted to __7__ a puter，and it was up to me to buy all the parts of it.When I wouldnt __8__ that，he decided he wanted a P1ayStation.Then Amazon gift cards.Then money.And when it became clear that it wasnt going to happen，he got __9__. I keep __10__ him that Hanukkah isnt about greed or materialism.Its about the miracle of an oil lamp that __11__ for eight days.Its about being __12__ of our heritage.Its about freedom. But he __13__.I know deep down that his obsessions(迷戀的物)are out of his __14__ ，and definitely out of mine.Having a specialneeds child is as __15__ as it gets.Some days are better than others and not all holidays __16__ the way I hope.But despite his unrealistic requests，hes a(n) __17__ child who is showing me the true meaning of life. And as we enter a new year and light the __18__ approaching the time，I wele his differences __19__ I learn how to turn negative requests into __20__ ones. 1．A.buying　　　B．donating C．lighting D．drawing 2．A.celebrate B．present C．send D．play 3．A.at B．for C．in D．from 4．A.ate B．threw C．liked D．drank 5．A.held up B．gave in C．handed in D．kept up 6．A.made B．became C．found D．designed 7．A.build B．buy C．use D．watch 8．A.rely on B．learn from C．a(chǎn)gree to D．dream about 9．A.calm B．happy C．selfish D．upset 10．A.telling B．warning C．promising D．a(chǎn)ccusing 11．A.lays B．hangs C．waits D．burns 12．A.tired B．proud C．a(chǎn)fraid D．lack 13．A.nodded B．slept C．insisted D．failed 14．A.mind B．sight C．control D．place 15．A.wonderful B．dangerous C．interesting D．challenging 16．A.run out B．break down C．work out D．put down 17．A.strange B．a(chǎn)mazing C．bad D．energetic 18．A.candles B．lamps C．torches D．lanterns 19．A.when B．a(chǎn)s C．unless D．until 20．A.relative B．possible C．reasonable D．positive 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了作者一家過(guò)光明節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)、變化及作者的應(yīng)對(duì)策略和反思。 【核心詞匯】greed n．貪婪　materialism n．物質(zhì)主義　miracle n．奇跡 1．C　根據(jù)下文的“And as we enter a new year and light the __18__approaching the time”可知，此處指點(diǎn)蠟燭。 2．A　根據(jù)上文的“Hanukkah(光明節(jié))”可推知，節(jié)日是用來(lái)慶祝的。 3．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“l(fā)ess than$10 each，or even$1 each(at the dollar store)”可推知，此處表示東西的價(jià)格，故用介詞for。 4．C　結(jié)合語(yǔ)境“My children didnt ask for anything much in particular”可推知，孩子們并不挑剔，很喜歡拿到的禮物。 5．D　結(jié)合下文的轉(zhuǎn)折“But this year, Hanukkah __6__ something else”和“My specialneeds son”可推知，作者保持那個(gè)傳統(tǒng)很多年。 6．B　根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折“But this year，Hanukkah __6__ something else”和“My specialneeds son”可推知，今年有些不同，有了新變化。 7．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“and it was up to me to buy all the parts of it”可推知，兒子要組建一臺(tái)電腦，要作者去買零配件。 8．C　根據(jù)下文的“And when it became clear that it wasnt going to happen, he got __9__ ”可推知，作者沒(méi)同意兒子的要求，兒子就有了其他更多的要求。agree to“同意”。 9．D　很明顯，作者沒(méi)同意兒子的要求，兒子感到難過(guò)。upset“難過(guò)”。 10．A　很明顯，作者在不斷地給兒子講道理，說(shuō)明節(jié)日的意義。 11．D　根據(jù)下文的“And as we enter a new year and light the __18__ approaching the time”可推知，D項(xiàng)burn“燃燒，發(fā)亮”符合語(yǔ)境。 12．B　固定搭配be proud of意為“以……為傲，為……而自豪”，符合語(yǔ)境。 13．C　根據(jù)下文的“I know deep down that his obsessions(迷戀的物)are out of his __14__ ，and definitely out of mine”可推知，兒子不為所動(dòng)，堅(jiān)持自己的要求。 14．C　根據(jù)“obsessions(迷戀的物)”可推知，兒子陷入迷戀的事物之中，已經(jīng)失控。out of control“失控”。 15．D　很明顯，作者應(yīng)對(duì)有特殊需求的兒子有些棘手。challenging “挑戰(zhàn)性的”。 16．C　根據(jù)“the way I hope”可知，有些事情并不像作者希望的那樣發(fā)展。work out“成功地發(fā)展”。 17．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“who is showing me the true meaning of life”可推知，此處的語(yǔ)氣表示肯定、贊賞，故選B。 amazing“了不起的”。 18．A　根據(jù)上文的“I liked the idea of __1__ a candle every night”可知，節(jié)日期間作者一家點(diǎn)蠟燭慶祝。 19．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系，故選B。as“因?yàn)椤薄? 20．D　與語(yǔ)境中的“negative”形成對(duì)比可知，此處表示把負(fù)面要求變成積極要求。positive“積極的”。 三、短文改錯(cuò)。 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2018濰坊市高考模擬考試) Dear Sir/Madam， I have received the sneakers that I buy from your online shop.With the excitement，I unwrapped the package but found something wrong with them.So I’m writing to inform you the problems. First，the color of the sneakers that I want are red instead of black.Second，size 41 is too large for them.That annoys me most is that there are several little stain on one of the sneakers.They really look awfully.If putting in my situation，how would you feel? Id like to change this pair for a new one and give me the money back. Looking forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours， Lin Ming 【答案】 Dear Sir/Madam， I have received the sneakers that I from your online shop.With excitement，I unwrapped the package but found something wrong with them.So I’m writing to inform you the problems. First，the color of the sneakers that I want red instead of black.Second，size 41 is too large for . annoys me most is that there are several little on one of the sneakers.They really look .If in my situation，how would you feel? Id like to change this pair for a new one give me the money back. Looking forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours， Lin Ming 第一處：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“I have received”可知，此處表示過(guò)去的事情，因此應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。 第二處：考查固定搭配。with excitement是固定搭配，意為“懷著激動(dòng)的心情”。 第三處：考查固定搭配。inform sb.of/about sth.是固定搭配，意為“通知某人某事”。 第四處：考查主謂一致。本句中，主語(yǔ)“the color of the sneakers that I want”的中心詞是“color”，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。 第五處：考查代詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋是“我”買的，所以應(yīng)是對(duì)于“我”來(lái)說(shuō)41號(hào)太大了。 第六處：考查連詞。that雖然能夠引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，但不能在從句中充當(dāng)成分。本句中的主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此不能用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。名詞性從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，只能用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)。注意首字母大寫(xiě)。 第七處：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)?？蓴?shù)名詞stain前面有“several”修飾，因此要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第八處：考查形容詞。句中的“l(fā)ook”屬于感官類動(dòng)詞，在句子中的用法相當(dāng)于系動(dòng)詞，因此后面應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。 第九處：考查動(dòng)詞。If引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從句省略了主語(yǔ)“you”和be動(dòng)詞完整形式為if you were put in my situation，故將putting改為put。 第十處：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”想要換一雙新的，或者給“我”退款。此處表示選擇關(guān)系，而非并列關(guān)系。