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Unit 1 Living well ***閱讀理解。 For many people，being on the job might just sound like a picnic pared to a day at home filled with housework，meals and childcare.Even for those with a happy family life，home can sometimes feel more taxing than work. In a new study，researchers at Penn State University found significantly and consistently lower levels of cortisol(皮質(zhì)醇) released in response to stress，in a majority of subjects when they were at work pared to when they were at home.This was true for both men and women，and parents and people without children. Both men and women showed less stress at work.But women were more likely to report feeling happier there.Men were more likely to feel happier at home.Experts say there are other reasons why work is less stressful than home for many.“Paid work is more valued in society，” says Sarah Damaske, the lead researcher on the study.“Household work is boring and not particularly rewarding.” We get better at our job with time and the increased petence means less stress and more rewards，Yet none of us，no matter how long weve been doing it，ever truly feels like an expert at parenting or even at marriage. The support and friendship of coworkers also offer stress relief.At home，meanwhile，stress spreads and accumulates quickly.“Thats the reason why most housewives wish they were the bread earners，” Dr.Damaske says. Much of the advice to families and couples includes the warning to leave work stress at the office and even to change our mindset from work to home，for example，a walk around the block.The recent findings，though，suggest our home life，not our attitude，might be due for some change. 1．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “taxing”？ A．stressful　　　　　　　B．cheerful C．worthwhile D．rewarding 2．What did the research in the second paragraph prove? A．Men felt better at home. B．Women felt they had less time. C．Women were easier to feel happier. D．Most people felt more stress at home. 3．What do most people think of work at the office? A．It is petitive. B．It improves ability. C．It cant relieve stress. D．It doesnt always pay off. 4．According to the recent findings，what should we change to solve the problem mentioned? A．Our attitude. D．Our mindset. C．Our home life. D．Our working style. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一項研究，該研究表明越來越多的人認(rèn)為上班比在家做家務(wù)、做飯和帶孩子更輕松一些。 【難句分析】In a new study，researchers at Penn State University found significantly and consistently lower levels of cortisol (皮質(zhì)醇)released in response to stress, in a majority of subjects when they were at work pared to when they were at home. 分析：這是一個復(fù)合句。第一個when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。第二個when引導(dǎo)賓語從句，做to后邊的賓語。 譯文：在一項新的研究中，賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，比起在家里，大多數(shù)人在工作的時候，面對壓力，他們的皮質(zhì)醇水平顯著且連續(xù)地降低。 1．A　考查詞義猜測。本題可利用句意推斷法及語境分析法解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“For many people，being on the job might just sound like a picnic pared to a day at home filled with housework，meals and childcare”可知，很多人認(rèn)為與在家做家務(wù)、做飯和帶孩子相比，工作像野餐一樣。言外之意，上班比在家輕松，在家比上班更有壓力。故選A。cheerful“快樂的，令人愉快的”；worthwhile“值得做的”；rewarding“值得做的，有意義的”。 2．D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。本題可利用分析長難句法解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：比起在家里，大多數(shù)人在工作的時候，面對壓力，他們的皮質(zhì)醇水平顯著且連續(xù)地降低，這項研究證明大多數(shù)人感覺在家更有壓力。故選D。 3．B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“We get better at our job with time and the increased petence...rewards”可知，隨著時間的推移，大多數(shù)的人在工作中能提高能力。故選B。 4．C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“The recent findings，though，suggest our home life，not our attitude，might be due for some change”可知，我們的家庭生活得以改變才能解決問題。故選C。 ***語法填空。 A man named Bob May, depressed and broken－h(huán)earted, stared out his apartment window into the cold December night. His 4－year－old daughter Barbara sat on his lap __1__ (quiet) sobbing. Bobs wife, Evelyn, was dying of cancer. Little Barbara couldnt understand __2__ her mommy could never e home. Barbara looked up into her dads eyes and asked, “Cant Mommy be just like everybody elses mommy？” Bobs jaw tightened __3__ his eyes were filled with tears. Her question brought waves not only of grief, but also of anger. Life always had to be different for Bob. As a kid, Bob was often bullied by other boys. He was too little at the time __4__ (pete) in sports. He was often called names he __5__ rather not remember. From childhood, Bob was different and never seemed to fit in. Bob did plete college, married his loving wife and was grateful to get his job as __6__ copywriter at Montgomery Ward during the Great Depression. Then he was blessed with his little girl. But it was all short－lived. Evelyns cancer robbed them __7__ all their savings and Bob and his daughter __8__ (force) to live in a two－room apartment in the Chicago slums. Evelyn died just days before Christmas in 1938. Bob struggled to give hope to his child, for __9__ he couldnt even afford to buy a Christmas gift. But if he couldnt buy a gift, he was determined __10__ (make) one—a storybook! 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　 5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　 9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一名男子從孩童到成為一名父親的歲月里，在生活中遭遇的不幸。 1．quietly 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。他四歲的女兒Barbara坐在他的腿上靜靜地啜泣著。修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞。 2．why 考查名詞性從句的連接詞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，且表示“為什么”，故填why。 3．a(chǎn)nd 考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示并列關(guān)系，故用and。 4．to pete 考查非謂語動詞。他那時太小不能參加體育比賽。too ... to ... 為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“太……而不能……”，故此處應(yīng)用不定式。 5．would 考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。此處是would rather do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。 6．a(chǎn) 考查冠詞。此處指他得到了一個廣告文字撰寫人的工作，表示泛指，故用不定冠詞a。 7．of 考查介詞。Evelyn的癌癥花光了他們所有的積蓄。rob sb. of sth.是固定用法，意為“剝奪某人某物”。 8．were forced 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容可知，此處是指他和女兒被迫住在芝加哥貧民窟的一個兩居室的公寓中。文章敘述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時，他和女兒是“被迫”住在貧民窟的，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。 9．whom 考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代his child，并在定語從句中作介詞for的賓語，故用whom。 10．to make 考查非謂語動詞。be determined to do sth.是固定用法，意為“下定決心做某事”。 ***完形填空。 The easy way out isn’t always the easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, my husband of one month, to a special meal. I 　1　 to make homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I 　2　 it as soon as Doug left for work. As I was not 　3　 in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I 　4　 everything. As Doug loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and 　5　 it all into the bowl. Soon there was a sticky dough(面團(tuán))covered with 　6　 yellowish marks. Realizing I was 　7　, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn’t have to 　8　 Doug laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest of the　9　, and when Doug got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed 　10　. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he heard a 　11　. The third time he left, I went to the window to see what he was doing. I saw Doug standing about three feet from the 　12　, holding the lid up with a stick and looking 　13　. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something 　14　 in our rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt 　15　. But I stepped closer and looked harder. Without 　16　 it was my work. The hot 　17　 had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast(酵母)made the surface, 　18　 and sigh as though it were breathing. I could see why Doug was shaken. I had to admit what the “　19　” was and why it was there. I don’t know who was more 　20　 by the whole thing—Doug or me. 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者自己在家里做面包但是最終失敗的趣事。 1. A. chose　　　　　 　 B. managed C. had D. remembered 【解析】選A。根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容并結(jié)合選項的意思, 可知A選項“選擇”符合文意?！拔疫x擇(chose)在家做面包作為特殊的食物”。 2. A. looked for B. got ready for　　 C. started on D. worried about 【解析】選C。根據(jù)空格前的一句“Knowing the bread would take time”可知, 作者必須在她老公上了班以后馬上開始做(started on)。 3. A. weak B. interested　　　 C. successful D. experienced 【解析】選D。由下文可知作者所做的面包最后被她自己扔進(jìn)了垃圾桶, 故知她并不是一個做飯很有經(jīng)驗的(experienced)人。 4. A. used　 B. collected　 C. doubled　 D. tried 【解析】選C。根據(jù)本空格前的“I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, ”可知她要doubled她所做的東西的分量。 5. A. poured B. watered C. dipped D. threw 【解析】選A。根據(jù)對上下文的理解, 可知她是把橙汁倒(poured)進(jìn)去。 6. A. pleasant B. ugly C. big D. light 【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文講作者所做的面包最后被她自己扔進(jìn)了垃圾桶, 可知她做的東西很難看(ugly)。 7. A. defeated B. injured C. dropped D. lost 【解析】選A。由作者所做的面包最后被她自己扔進(jìn)了垃圾桶, 再結(jié)合選項的意思, 可知她被打敗(defeated)了。 8. A. feel B. keep C. face D. stop 【解析】選C。根據(jù)空格后面寫的“Doug laughing at my work”可知作者不想讓她老公看到她的“杰作”以后取笑她, 不想面對(face)他的取笑。 9. A. bread B. orange C. rice D. meal 【解析】選D。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, my husband of one month, to a special meal. ”可知此題應(yīng)選D, 這里考查的是詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。 10. A. disappointed B. disturbed C. frightened D. ashamed 【解析】選B。后面講到作者的老公本想享用晚餐, 卻被外面的噪音干擾了。disturbed擾亂的; 受到干擾的。 11. A. voice B. cry C. shout D. noise 【解析】選D。干擾人的應(yīng)該是噪音(noise), voice一般是指嗓音。 12. A. window B. house C. rubbish bin D. door 【解析】選C。根據(jù)上下文的意思, 可知此處應(yīng)該是去看垃圾桶。 13. A. around B. upward C. inside D. out 【解析】選C。根據(jù)上下文, 可知老公開始說聽見垃圾桶里面有聲音, 故要看里面。 14. A. alive B. important C. new D. different 【解析】選A。聯(lián)系上下文, 既然是說聽見了垃圾桶里的聲音, 故聲音必定是有生命的(alive)生物發(fā)出的。 15. A. happy B. cold C. angry D. inspired 【解析】選B。根據(jù)上下文并結(jié)合選項的意思, 可知選B, 因為當(dāng)時作者對那些東西的反應(yīng)是冷淡的。 16. A. hesitation B. doubt C. delay D. exception 【解析】選B。后來作者看到了才想到那是她之前的“杰作”, 故語氣非?？隙āithout doubt毫無疑問。 17. A. pot B. floor C. earth D. sun 【解析】選D。根據(jù)常識, 面團(tuán)暴露在陽光(sun)下受熱了就會膨脹。 18. A. burn B. walk C. shake D. work 【解析】選C。由于面粉當(dāng)時還在發(fā)酵狀態(tài), 故當(dāng)時垃圾桶在晃動(shake)。 19. A. art B. work C. troublemaker D. living thing 【解析】選D。根據(jù)上下文可知這團(tuán)正在陽光下發(fā)酵的面粉, 就是作者丈夫一直在說的“生物”。 20. A. embarrassed　 B. nervous C. regretful D. awkward 【解析】選A。根據(jù)當(dāng)時的情景, 作者不知道是她老公感到更尷尬還是她感到更尷尬了。 ***短文改錯。 Im a junior high school student. In my spare time, I like shopping. There has a supermarket in my town. Lots of things are being sold there. So I often went there with my mother buy school things, food and drinks. Of course, sometimes I want to buy something expensive. That I want most is an MP4 player, but I mustnt afford one now. Im going to work for the English club during this summer holiday or make some money for it. We teenagers should not always ask our parents for money. As for shopping online, I like it, because things there are more cheaper. And I dont need to walk to the shops, which helps me save for time. No matter where to shop, I enjoy it because its really relaxed. 答案： Im a junior high school student. In my spare time, I like shopping. There a supermarket in my town. Lots of things are being sold there. So I often there with my mother buy school things, food and drinks. Of course, sometimes I want to buy something expensive. I want most is an MP4 player, but I afford one now. Im going to work for English club during this summer holiday make some money for it. We teenagers should not always ask our parents for money. As for shopping online, I like it, because things there are cheaper. And I dont need to walk to the shops, which helps me save time. No matter where to shop, I enjoy it because its really . 難項分析： 第一處：has→is 考查there be句型。there be ... 是固定句型，意為“有……”。 第四處：That→What 考查主語從句的連接詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中作賓語，表示“所……的東西”，故用What。 第十處：relaxed→relaxing 考查形容詞。無論去哪里購物，“我”都喜歡，因為購物確實可以讓人放松。故用relaxing “令人放松的”。 ***