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完形填空模擬檢測(七)　說明文 (共2篇，限時35分鐘) A New genetic analysis has revealed that many Amazon tree species are likely to survive humanmade climate warming in the ing century, contrary to previous findings that temperature increases would cause them to die out. A study, __1__ in the latest edition of Ecology and Evolution, reveals the __2__ age of some Amazonian tree species — more than 8 million years — and __3__ shows that they have survived previous periods as warm as many of the global warming imagined periods __4__ for the year 2100. The authors write that, having survived warm periods in the past, the trees will __5__ survive future warming, provided there are no other major environmental changes. __6__ extreme droughts and forest fires will impact Amazonia as temperatures __7__， the trees will stand the direct impact of higher temperatures. The authors __8__ that as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions to minimize the risk of drought and fire, conservation policy should remain __9__ on preventing deforestation (采伐森林) for agriculture and mining. The study disagrees with other recent researches which predicted tree species’ extinctions __10__ relatively small increases in global average air temperatures. Study coauthor Dr Simon Lewis (UCL Geography) said the __11__ were good news for Amazon tree species, but warned that drought and overexploitation of the forest remained major __12__ to the Amazon’s future. Dr Lewis said, “The past cannot be pared directly with the future.While tree species seem likely to __13__ higher air temperatures than today, the Amazon forest is being transformed for agriculture and __14__， and what remains is being degraded (使惡化) by logging (伐木), and increasingly split up by fields and roads. “Species will not move as freely in today’s Amazon as they did in previous warm periods, when there was no human __15__. Similarly, today’s climate change is extremely fast, making parisons with slower changes in the past __16__. “With a clearer __17__ of the relative risks to the Amazon forest, we __18__ that direct human impacts — such as forest clearances for agriculture or mining — should remain a key point of conservation policy. We also need more aggressive __19__ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to make minimum the risk of drought and fire impacts and __20__ the future of most Amazon tree species.” 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了一項最新的研究，研究表明氣候變暖不會使亞馬孫古代樹種滅絕。 1．A.advertised　　　　　　 B．described C．published D．presented 解析：選C　此處表示《生物與進化》的最新版發(fā)表的一項研究。故選C。 2．A.frightening B．surprising C．exciting D．interesting 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文“more than 8 million years”可知，亞馬孫一些樹種的年齡是令人吃驚的(surprising)。 3．A.still B．nevertheless C．however D．therefore 解析：選D　這些古代樹種有著超過800萬年的樹齡，因此(therefore)表明了它們可以幸存于和先前所有時期一樣溫暖的全球氣候變暖的時期，預(yù)測為2100年。前后意義上為因果關(guān)系。 4．A.assess B．confirm C．forecast D．promise 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文“the year 2100”可知，將來時間只能是預(yù)測(forecast)。 5．A.particularly B．probably C．merely D．possibly 解析：選B　既然亞馬孫的樹種曾在高溫氣候中生存下來，所以將來也有可能(probably)在氣溫升高的氣候中存活。 6．A.Since B．Although C．When D．If 解析：選B　雖然隨著溫度的升高，嚴重的干旱及森林火災(zāi)將會影響亞馬孫流域，但這些樹木將會忍受更高溫度的直接影響。故選B。 7．A.rise B．change C．drop D．end 解析：選A　由本句末的“higher temperatures”可知此處應(yīng)是溫度升高。故選A。 8．A.consider B．decide C．guarantee D．remend 解析：選D　空后面是作者的建議，故選D。 9．A.based B．built C．focused D．made 解析：選C　此處表示保護措施應(yīng)當(dāng)仍然集中于防止為了農(nóng)業(yè)和礦業(yè)的發(fā)展而采伐森林。故選C。 10．A.in relation to B．in response to C．in reply to D．in reference to 解析：選B　這項研究與最近其他研究不同的是他們預(yù)測樹種的滅絕是對相對小幅度的全球平均氣溫升高的反應(yīng)。in response to“響應(yīng)，回答，對……做出反應(yīng)”，故選B。in relation to“關(guān)于，涉及”；in reply to“答復(fù)……”；in reference to“關(guān)于”。 11．A.findings B．thoughts C．inventions D．writings 解析：選A　根據(jù)上一段中的“The study”，再結(jié)合第一段第一句中的“previous findings”可知答案選A。 12．A.threats B．disadvantages C．embarrassments D．instructions 解析：選A　此處是指干旱和過度采伐森林對于亞馬孫的未來來說仍然是主要的威脅(threats)。故選A。 13．A.accept B．tolerate C．permit D．require 解析：選B　雖然樹種好像能忍耐比現(xiàn)在更高的溫度，但亞馬孫森林正在向農(nóng)業(yè)和礦業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)上文第7空后的“stand the direct impact of higher temperatures”也可知，此處應(yīng)用stand的同義詞tolerate。故選B。 14．A.farming B．planting C．catering D．mining 解析：選D　由第二段最后一句中的“deforestation(采伐森林) for agriculture and mining”可知選D。 15．A.power B．influence C．desire D．violence 解析：選B　此處指當(dāng)這里沒有人類影響的時候。故選B。 16．A.difficult B．clear C．easy D．important 解析：選A　現(xiàn)在氣候變化極快，使之與過去緩慢地變化比較起來很難。故選A。 17．A.belief B．direction C．understanding D．suggestion 解析：選C　更清楚地理解了亞馬孫森林所面對的危險，我們推斷出(conclude)人類直接的影響，比如為了農(nóng)、礦業(yè)而采伐森林，仍是保護政策的重點。 18．A.doubt B．conclude C．calculate D．prefer 解析：選B　參見上題解析。conclude“推斷，做結(jié)論”。 19．A.thought B．guidance C．protection D．a(chǎn)ction 解析：選D　為了把干旱和火災(zāi)的風(fēng)險降到最低并保護(secure)亞馬孫樹種的未來，我們也需要更多積極的行動來減少溫室氣體的排放。action“行動”。 20．A.secure B．a(chǎn)dvance C．sacrifice D．evaluate 解析：選A　參見上題解析。secure“保護，使安全”。 B For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice munications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a neverending flood of words.In __1__ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and prehend __2__ can mean the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are __3__ readers.Most of us develop poor reading __4__ at an early age, and never get over them.The main deficiency __5__ in the actual stuff of language itself — words.Taken individually, words have __6__ meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs.__7__， however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to __8__ words or passages.The tendency to look back over __9__ you have just read is a mon bad habit in reading.Another habit which __10__ down the speed of reading is vocalization — sounding each word either orally or mentally as __11__ reads. To overe these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an __12__， which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed.The bar is set at a slightly faster rate __13__ the reader finds fortable, in order to “stretch” him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, __14__ wordbyword reading, regression and subvocalization, practically impossible.At first __15__ is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, __16__ your prehension will improve.Many people have found __17__ reading skill drastically improved after some training.__18__ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute __19__ the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute.He is delighted that he can __20__ a lot more reading material in a short period of time. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。閱讀本來是一項愉悅身心的活動，但是忙碌的工作使人們閱讀時帶有很強的目的性。本文就如何開展有效的快速閱讀進行了簡單的說明。 1．A.applying　　　　　　　 B．doing C．offering D．getting 解析：選D　此處說的是“謀得一份差事”。apply需加for，意思是“申請”；do“做”； offer“提供”。此三項均不符合題意，只有g(shù)et(獲得)適合。 2．A.quickly B．easily C．roughly D．decidedly 解析：選A　句意為“快速閱讀與理解的能力，是決定成敗的關(guān)鍵所在”。只有quickly與原意吻合。easily“容易地”；roughly“粗略地”； decidedly“果斷地”。 3．A.good B．curious C．poor D．urgent 解析：選C　英語中，閱讀速度快的人稱為good reader，反之，就是poor reader。根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，多數(shù)人都屬于poor reader，因此選poor。 4．A.training B．habits C．situations D．custom 解析：選B　此處的意思是“大多數(shù)人在早期養(yǎng)成看書慢的習(xí)慣”。habit“習(xí)慣”；training“訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn)”；situation“形勢”；custom“風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣”。 5．A.lies B．bines C．touches D．involves 解析：選A　此處說的是“主要的困難在于語言的自身要素，即單詞”。lie與in構(gòu)成搭配，意為“在于”。bine“聯(lián)合”；touch“接觸”；involve“包括”。 6．A.some B．a(chǎn) lot C．little D．dull 解析：選C　這里的意思是“如果單個地看這些詞，它們并沒有什么意義”。little“很少”是否定詞，合乎邏輯。some“一些，若干”；a lot“許多”；dull“單調(diào)的”。 7．A.Fortunately B．In fact C．Logically D．Unfortunately 解析：選D　此句語境為“作者對未受過閱讀訓(xùn)練的人的不良閱讀習(xí)慣感到遺憾”。unfortunately“不幸地”，合乎語境。fortunately“幸運地”；in fact“事實上”；logically“合乎邏輯地”。 8．A.reuse B．reread C．rewrite D．recite 解析：選B　此處語境為“未受過閱讀訓(xùn)練的讀者在閱讀時經(jīng)常重讀(反復(fù)讀)”。故選reread“重讀”。reuse“再使用”；rewrite“改寫”；recite“背誦”。 9．A.what B．which C．that D．if 解析：選A　此處所填的詞既是look back over的賓語，又是you have just read的賓語，只有what能充當(dāng)這種雙重成分。 10．A.scales B．cuts C．slows D．measures 解析：選C　scale down“按比例減少”；cut down“削減”；這兩項不符合題意。 measure不能與down搭配。slow down“放慢”，符合語境。 11．A.some one B．one C．he D．reader 解析：選B　此處用one，表泛指。 12．A.accelerator B．a(chǎn)ctor C．a(chǎn)mplifier D．observer 解析：選A　語境為“訓(xùn)練快速閱讀所使用的工具必然與提高閱讀速度有關(guān)”，因此選accelerator“快讀器”。第14空前“The accelerator”亦是提示。actor“演員”；amplifier“放大器”；observer“觀察者”。 13．A.then B．a(chǎn)s C．beyond D．than 解析：選D　前面的faster決定了選than，構(gòu)成比較級。 14．A.enabling B．leading C．making D．indicating 解析：選C　此句意為“快速閱讀器迫使你加快閱讀速度，使你再也不能逐字閱讀，回顧前文內(nèi)容或者默讀”。make“使，使得”，符合語境。enable相當(dāng)于make possible；lead“引導(dǎo)”；indicate“指出，表明”。 15．A.meaning B．prehension C．gist D．regression 解析：選B　這里的意思是“速讀最初會影響理解”，所以選prehension“理解”。第16空后“your prehension”亦是提示。meaning“意義，意思”，指詞匯或短語表示的意義；gist“大意，要旨”；regression“回歸”。 16．A.but B．nor C．or D．for 解析：選A　與前半句中的not only相呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成句式not only ... but (also)．..“不僅……而且……”，故選but。 17．A.our B．your C．their D．such 解析：選C　本句中的主語是第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)Many people，故此處應(yīng)用物主代詞their。 18．A.Look at B．Take C．Make D．Consider 解析：選B　take與后面的for instance構(gòu)成短語，意為“以……為例”，其他三項不能構(gòu)成搭配。 19．A.for B．in C．a(chǎn)fter D．before 解析：選D　這里指受訓(xùn)練之前與受訓(xùn)練之后的比較，因此選before。 20．A.refer to B．go over C．set about D．get through 解析：選D　此處語境為“在短時間內(nèi)，讀完更多的材料”。refer to“參考”；go over“復(fù)習(xí)”；set about“著手做”。只有g(shù)et through“讀完”最恰當(dāng)。