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新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ) 第三版 讀寫(xiě)教程3 漢譯英 Unit 1 如今，很多年輕人不再選擇"穩(wěn)定"的工作，他們更愿意自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，依靠自己的智慧和奮斗去實(shí)現(xiàn)自我價(jià)值。青年創(chuàng)業(yè)（young entrepreneurship）是未來(lái)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)活力的來(lái)源，創(chuàng)業(yè)者的成功不但會(huì)創(chuàng)造財(cái)富、增加就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)、改善大家的生活，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，對(duì)于國(guó)家更是一件好事，創(chuàng)業(yè)者正是讓中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)換代的力量。尤其是在當(dāng)前，國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新，在政策上給予中小企業(yè)支持，這更加激發(fā)了年輕人的創(chuàng)業(yè)熱情。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose “stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people’s life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China’s economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young peoples enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Unit 2 實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興（rejuvenation）是近代以來(lái)中國(guó)人民最偉大的夢(mèng)想，我們稱(chēng)之為“中國(guó)夢(mèng)”，其基本內(nèi)涵是實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家富強(qiáng)、民族振興、人民幸福。中國(guó)夢(mèng)，是讓每一個(gè)積極進(jìn)取的中國(guó)人形成世世代代的信念：只要經(jīng)過(guò)不懈的奮斗便能獲得更好的生活。人們必須通過(guò)自己的勤奮、勇氣、創(chuàng)意和決心邁向繁榮，而不是依賴(lài)于社會(huì)和他人的援助。每個(gè)中國(guó)人都是中國(guó)夢(mèng)的參與者和創(chuàng)造者。中國(guó)夢(mèng)是民族的夢(mèng)，也是每個(gè)中國(guó)人的夢(mèng)。 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese. Unit 3 水墨畫(huà)（ink and wash painting）是中國(guó)獨(dú)具特色的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式之一，是中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà)的代表。它大約始于唐代，興盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的歷史，其間經(jīng)歷了不斷的發(fā)展、提高和完善。水墨畫(huà)的創(chuàng)作工具和材料是具有濃厚中國(guó)特色的毛筆、宣紙和墨，其作品特點(diǎn)也與此緊密相關(guān)。例如，水和墨相互調(diào)和，使作品具有干濕濃淡的層次。水墨和宣紙的交融滲透也使畫(huà)作善于表現(xiàn)豐富的意象，從而達(dá)到獨(dú)特的審美效果。水墨畫(huà)在中國(guó)繪畫(huà)史上具有很高的地位，甚至被認(rèn)為是衡量東方繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)水平的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e. brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings. Unit 4 麗江地處云南省西北部，境內(nèi)多山。麗江古城坐落在玉龍雪山腳下，是一座風(fēng)景秀麗的歷史文化名城，也是我國(guó)保存完好的少數(shù)民族古城之一。麗江古城始建于南宋，距今約有800年的歷史。麗江不僅歷史悠久，而且民族眾多，少數(shù)民族人口占全區(qū)人口的半數(shù)以上。隨著麗江旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展，到麗江古城觀光游覽的中外游客日益增多。1997年12月，麗江古城申報(bào)世界文化遺產(chǎn)獲得成功，填補(bǔ)了中國(guó)在世界文化遺產(chǎn)中無(wú)歷史文化名城的空白。 Lijiang is a mountainous city in northwest Yunnan Province. The old town of Lijiang, located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of scenic beauty and known for its history and culture. It is also a well-preserved old town with features of ethnic minorities. The construction work of the old town was started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800 years from now. Not only does Lijiang boast a long history, but also it boasts many ethnic minorities who make up over a half of the total population in the region. With the booming of Lijiang tourism, the old town of Lijiang is receiving a growing number of tourists from home and abroad. In December 1997, the old town succeeded in applying to be named a World Cultural Heritage Site, filling the gap of lacking a noted historical and cultural city in China on the World Cultural Heritage List. Unit 5 中國(guó)是茶的故鄉(xiāng)，也是茶文化的發(fā)源地。自古以來(lái)，茶就被譽(yù)為中華民族的“國(guó)飲”。無(wú)論是文人墨客生活中的“琴棋書(shū)畫(huà)詩(shī)酒茶”，還是平民百姓生活中的“柴米油鹽醬醋茶”，茶都是必備品。同時(shí)，中國(guó)又是文明古國(guó)，禮儀之邦。凡是來(lái)了客人或朋友，沏茶、敬茶的禮儀必不可少。隨著中外文化交流和商業(yè)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展，中國(guó)茶及茶文化傳向了全世界?，F(xiàn)在五大洲有不少?lài)?guó)家種茶，也有很多國(guó)家從中國(guó)進(jìn)口茶。中國(guó)茶和中國(guó)的絲綢及瓷器一樣，已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)在全世界的代名詞。 China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. Since ancient times, tea has been known as the "national drink" of China. In both the Chinese scholars seven daily necessities, namely music, chess, calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea and common peoples seven ones, namely firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea, tea is listed as one of the necessities. Meanwhile, China is a country with ancient civilization and a land of courtesy. The practice of making and serving tea is essential whenever there are guests or friends. With the development of cultural exchange, commerce and trade between China and other countries, Chinese tea and tea culture spread to the world. Today, a number of countries across the five continents grow tea plants, and many countries import tea from China. Chinese tea, like Chinese silk and chinaware, has become synonymous with China in the world. Unit 6 《孫子兵法》（The Art of War）是我國(guó)古代著名的軍事家（strategist）孫武的著作。它既是一部經(jīng)典的軍事著作，又是一部光輝的哲學(xué)著作，是我國(guó)燦爛的古代文化中一份珍貴的遺產(chǎn)。孫武在書(shū)中揭示了一系列具有普遍意義的軍事規(guī)律，提出了一套完整的軍事理論體系。這一理論體系不僅深受戰(zhàn)國(guó)以來(lái)歷代軍事家的重視和推崇，對(duì)他們的軍事思想和實(shí)踐產(chǎn)生了重要的影響，而且在世界軍事思想領(lǐng)域也擁有廣泛的影響，享有極高的聲譽(yù)。 The Art of Warwas written by Sun Wu, a famous ancient Chinese strategist. A classic work not only of military value but also of great philosophical significance,The Art of Waris a precious heritage of brilliant ancient Chinese culture. Sun Wu disclosed in his book a series of military rules and principles, and put forward a complete system of military theory. His theory has been highly regarded by strategists since the Warring States Period and exerted strong impacts on their thought and practice. Moreover, it has yielded a worldwide influence in the field of military thought, enjoying extremely high prestige. Unit 7 上海自貿(mào)區(qū)（Shanghai Free Trade Zone）是中國(guó)政府于2013年設(shè)立在上海的自由貿(mào)易區(qū)。上海自貿(mào)區(qū)總面積為28.78平方公里，是中國(guó)大陸境內(nèi)第一個(gè)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)，也是進(jìn)行一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的“試驗(yàn)田”（testing ground）。設(shè)立上海自貿(mào)區(qū)是順應(yīng)全球經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展新趨勢(shì)，實(shí)行更加積極主動(dòng)開(kāi)放戰(zhàn)略的一項(xiàng)重大舉措。其主要任務(wù)是為全面深化改革開(kāi)放探索新路徑、積累新經(jīng)驗(yàn)。上海自貿(mào)區(qū)作為試點(diǎn)（pilot project），是中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的“試金石”（touchstone），將為深化改革、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)活力起到積極的推動(dòng)作用。 Shanghai Free Trade Zone is a free trade zone in Shanghai that was launched in 2013 by the Chinese government. Covering an area of 28.78 square kilometers, Shanghai Free Trade Zone is the first of its kind in Chinas mainland, and is regarded as a "testing ground" for a number of economic reforms. The establishment of the free trade zone is a significant measure taken to actively promote the opening-up strategy under the new global economic and trade situation. It undertakes a major task to explore new ways and accumulate new experience for the deepening of reform and opening up in an all-round way. As a pilot project, Shanghai Free Trade Zone will become a "touchstone" for Chinese economy. It will play an active role in deepening reforms and boosting economic vigor. Unit 8 中央電視臺(tái)春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)（簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“春晚”）自1983年開(kāi)辦以來(lái)，已成為中國(guó)人文化生活中不可缺少的文化消費(fèi)品和一個(gè)揮之不去的文化符號(hào)。雖然眾口難調(diào)，但必須承認(rèn)的是，“春晚”已成為公眾所不可缺少的“新民俗”。春晚不僅是一臺(tái)晚會(huì)，更是一種儀式與象征，一種文化與標(biāo)簽，一種情感與寄托。隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展及新媒體的出現(xiàn)，觀眾的選擇和需求日漸多樣化，“春晚”也在與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，以滿(mǎn)足大眾日益增長(zhǎng)的文化需求。 The CCTV Spring Festival Gala (Spring Festival Gala for short), which was started in 1983, has become an indispensable cultural consumer product and a cultural symbol in the cultural life of the Chinese people. Though its hard to satisfy the tastes of all the people, it has to be admitted that the Spring Festival Gala has become a "new custom" for the public that they cant live without. The Spring Festival Gala is more than a gala; it is a ritual and a symbol, a culture and a label, and an emotion and a place where people entrust their hearts to. With the development of the times and the emerging of new media, the audiences are having more diversified choices and demands. Corresponding, the Spring Festival Gala is also advancing with the times to satisfy the growing cultural needs of the people.